A file photo of Kinlochewe. Typically, Scotland is expected to be the coldest place in Britain, yet it has a history of setting January temperature records. Alamy
A file photo of Kinlochewe. Typically, Scotland is expected to be the coldest place in Britain, yet it has a history of setting January temperature records. Alamy
A file photo of Kinlochewe. Typically, Scotland is expected to be the coldest place in Britain, yet it has a history of setting January temperature records. Alamy
A file photo of Kinlochewe. Typically, Scotland is expected to be the coldest place in Britain, yet it has a history of setting January temperature records. Alamy

Foehn effect gives Scottish village UK's hottest January day


Gillian Duncan
  • English
  • Arabic

A village in northern Scotland has set a provisional UK temperature record for January after reaching 19.6°C on Sunday.

Typically, Scotland is expected to be the coldest place in Britain, yet it has a history of setting January temperature records.

The temperature in Kinlochewe in the north-west, which is pending verification, is more than a degree higher than previous record of villages Inchmarlo and Aboyne in Aberdeenshire, which hit 18.3°C in 2003 while Aber in Ceredigion, Wales, reached the same level in both 1958 and 1971.

It is also 12°C higher than the average maximum temperature for Kinlochewe in January of 7.45°C, according to the Met Office. The average minimum is 1.29°C.

The Foehn effect

Both this potential record and previous January highs in Scotland were due to a weather phenomenon known as the Foehn effect, which causes the warming and drying of air on the side of a mountain facing away from the wind.

The Met Office said the most notable Foehn events tend to occur across the Scottish Highlands where the moist prevailing westerly winds meet high ground near Scotland's west coast.

"You get these really remarkable station temperatures in Scotland where the Foehn effect can come into play as the air interacts with the mountains," spokesman for the Met Office, Oliver Claydon, told The National.

"You wouldn't be able to generate those sorts of temperatures during the winter time through solar energy alone."

The unexpected warmth happens because as the air gets pushed up the mountain on the windward side and gains in altitude, there is a drop in pressure so the air cools, then condenses to form clouds and ultimately rain.

"That takes the moisture out of the air but it also creates energy in the form of heat energy that then gets pushed down the other side of the mountain," Mr Claydon said.

In January 1972 in Montana, a Foehn event resulted in the greatest temperature change over a 24-hour period recorded in the US, rising 57°C, from minus 48 to 9°C.

Sunday's temperature, if confirmed, would also be a record for a winter's day in Scotland.

In a post on X, the Met Office said: “There has provisionally been a new UK January daily max temperature record set today at Kinlochewe where the temperature reached 19.6°C.

“This beats the previous January UK record of 18.3°C set at Inchmarlo and Aboyne in 2003 and Aber in 1958 and 1971.”

As well as potentially setting the record, Kinlochewe was also covered by a yellow weather warning for wind.

The warning was in place for the north-western highlands and Outer Hebrides between 11am and 5pm.

Elsewhere, Scotland's central belt and the eastern coast of Northern Ireland were already under a yellow wind warning, due to last between 10am and 8pm.

A Met Office representative said the temperature in Kinlochewe was the result of a “brisk, mild, southerly flow” combined with a meteorological phenomenon known as “the Foehn effect”.

The representative said: “The Foehn effect takes place when air is forced to rise over the mountain and warms.

“The warming air then travels back down the other side of the mountain, bringing anomalously high temperatures in the area.

“Although it was a mild day, it was also very windy across Scotland.

“Yellow wind warnings are in force, and we have recorded a gust of 71 mph at South Uist in the Western Isles.”

Elsewhere in the Highlands on Sunday afternoon, the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service sent crews to put out a wildfire in the Glencanisp area of Lochinver, which at one point covered about 2.4km.

A representative said: “We mobilised three appliances – two from Ullapool and one from Lairg – and they left the scene at 5pm.”

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Man United: Dunk (66' og)

Man of the Match: Shane Duffy (Brighton)

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Rating: 4/5

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Leeds United 3 (Harrison 12', Bamford 30', Klich 66')

Man of the match Mohamed Salah (Liverpool)

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Name: Lamsa

Founder: Badr Ward

Launched: 2014

Employees: 60

Based: Abu Dhabi

Sector: EdTech

Funding to date: $15 million

The%20specs%20
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Director: Rajkumar Hirani

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Rating: 3.5 stars

yallacompare profile

Date of launch: 2014

Founder: Jon Richards, founder and chief executive; Samer Chebab, co-founder and chief operating officer, and Jonathan Rawlings, co-founder and chief financial officer

Based: Media City, Dubai 

Sector: Financial services

Size: 120 employees

Investors: 2014: $500,000 in a seed round led by Mulverhill Associates; 2015: $3m in Series A funding led by STC Ventures (managed by Iris Capital), Wamda and Dubai Silicon Oasis Authority; 2019: $8m in Series B funding with the same investors as Series A along with Precinct Partners, Saned and Argo Ventures (the VC arm of multinational insurer Argo Group)

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2012-2015

The company offers payments/bribes to win key contracts in the Middle East

May 2017

The UK SFO officially opens investigation into Petrofac’s use of agents, corruption, and potential bribery to secure contracts

September 2021

Petrofac pleads guilty to seven counts of failing to prevent bribery under the UK Bribery Act

October 2021

Court fines Petrofac £77 million for bribery. Former executive receives a two-year suspended sentence 

December 2024

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May 2025

The High Court of England and Wales approves the company’s restructuring plan

July 2025

The Court of Appeal issues a judgment challenging parts of the restructuring plan

August 2025

Petrofac issues a business update to execute the restructuring and confirms it will appeal the Court of Appeal decision

October 2025

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November 2025

180 Petrofac employees laid off in the UAE

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5pm: Jabel Faya – Maiden (PA) Dh60,000 (T) 1,000m; Winner: AF Rasam, Tadhg O’Shea, Ernst Oertel

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6pm: The President’s Cup Prep – Conditions (PA) Dh100,000 (T) 2,200m; Winner: Mujeeb, Richard Mullen, Salem Al Ketbi

6.30pm: Abu Dhabi Equestrian Club – Prestige (PA) Dh125,000 (T) 1,600m; Winner: Jawal Al Reef, Antonio Fresu, Abubakar Daud

7pm: Al Ruwais – Group 3 (PA) Dh300,000 (T) 1,200m; Winner: Ashton Tourettes, Pat Dobbs, Ibrahim Aseel

7.30pm: Jebel Hafeet – Maiden (TB) Dh80,000 (T) 1,400m; Winner: Nibraas, Richard Mullen, Nicholas Bachalard

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Founders: Mostafa Kandil, Ahmed Sabbah and Mahmoud Nouh

Based: Cairo, Egypt

Sector: transport

Size: 450 employees

Investment: approximately $80 million

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Updated: January 29, 2024, 2:56 PM