STOCKHOLM // The US economist Paul Krugman, a critic of the Bush administration for policies that he argues led to the current financial crisis, has won the 2008 Nobel Prize for economics, the prize committee said today. The committee awarded Mr Krugman the prize for work that helps explain why some countries dominate international trade. A prominent economist who writes columns for the New York Times, Mr Krugman has long featured among the favourites to win a Nobel. He is a professor of economics and international affairs at Princeton University in the United States.
Mr Krugman, speaking by telephone to a news conference, was caught on the hop by the news. "I rushed to take a shower so that I could take part in the press conference. I called my wife and I called my parents. I've not yet managed to get myself a cup of coffee," he said. Mr Krugman has been heavily critical of the US president George W Bush's administration. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said the prestigious 10 million crown (Dh5.15m) award recognised Mr Krugman's formulation of a new theory that addresses what drives worldwide urbanisation.
"He has thereby integrated the previously disparate research fields of international trade and economic geography," the committee said. "Krugman's approach is based on the premise that many goods and services can be produced more cheaply in a long series, a concept generally known as economies of scale," it said. "Meanwhile, consumers demand a varied supply of goods. As a result, small-scale production for a local market is replaced by large-scale production for the world market, where firms with similar products compete with one another." Mr Krugman's theory clarifies why trade is dominated by countries that not only have similar conditions but also trade in similar products. The committee cited Sweden as an example as it both exports and imports cars. "This kind of trade enables specialisation and large-scale production, which result in lower prices and a greater diversity of commodities." The economics prize, officially called the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in the 1960s and is not part of the original group of awards set out in Alfred Nobel's 1895 will. * Reuters