ZLITEN // Since the rebellion against Muammar Qaddafi erupted nearly six months ago, there have been few respites from the back-and-forth fighting that has ranged across vast tracts of Libyan territory and taken thousands of lives.
The first day of Ramadan, however, provided a rare reprieve for anti-Qaddafi fighters encamped near this city 160 kilometres east of the capital, Tripoli. And with the lull came conversations that for Muslims everywhere had a familiar ring.
"The hardest part is the cigarettes," said Ibrahim Tabat as he took taking advantage of the lull in fighting to play chess under the limited shade of a tree. "Definitely the cigarettes!"
Video: Searching for the Ramadan moon
Although the moon wasn't visible last night, Nezar Hezam Sallam was present with his mobile observatory unit to educate onlookers about the significance of the event.
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For his opponent across the chessboard, Mamoud Baiyo, thirst was the most difficult burden to endure. For all the customary litanies of abstinence and sacrifice, a war was still going on. In the run-up to the start of the holy month, Libya witnessed some of its most intense fighting in months.
The day before, government tanks overran the rebel front-line, killing 20 people and wounding 37 others. Monday's lull was then broken the following morning when mortars fired by government soldiers killed at least three rebels and wounded more than 20 others. The hospital in Misurata 60km to the east, where the casualties were transported, again descended into the usual wartime chaos.
In their makeshift camps on the outskirts of Zliten, the rebels said they were waiting for the people of the city to rise up. When that happens, they said, they would move in to support them.
"We need to make sure we take this city to save the people, not to risk their lives," said Fathi Mohammed, a rebel officer.
Underlying Mr Mohammed's declaration was the worry that the rebellion has been now perceived by many Libyans as intercity warfare, with its aim to advance local interests and not to topple Col Qaddafi.
"Most of Zliten's people are against Qaddafi, we know that. But war causes damage and takes lives," said Lutfy Alamin, a respected rebel fighter. "We do not want them to say, 'The people of Misurata did this to our city'."
Amid the constant speculation about the progress of the war, the rhythm of the holy month remains inexorable. In Misurata, women prepared iftar meals to send out to the rebel camps. Volunteers by the hundreds gave their time and cooking pots for makeshift kitchens in schools across the city. Local families and businesses provided the food.
Back near Zliten, the insurgents slogged on, knowing that the first few days of fasting were tough but after that, their bodies would adjust.
Despite swirling sands and sweltering heat, they vowed to observe the fast through the month, feeling superior to Colonel Qaddafi's forces, who have been excused from fasting by order of the government.
"We are very excited because of Ramadan," said Mr Tabat, 22. "It is a big thing for us. We do not do anything bad during Ramadan, so we know that Allah will help us win."
Meanwhile, Mr Tabat and his fellow rebels took shorter shifts of four to five hours and imagined the day not far off when not only the people of Zliten came over to their side, but when Tripoli fell into their hands.
"You know all these guys don't worry about water or food," said Adel Elsedeeg Tantoon. "The only target is to kill Qaddafi. That's what we want."
foreign.desk@thenational.ae
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MATCH INFO
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Raheem Sterling 35', 49'
Ferran Torres 65'
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Director: Basel Adra, Yuval Abraham, Rachel Szor, Hamdan Ballal
Stars: Basel Adra, Yuval Abraham
Rating: 3.5/5
The National Archives, Abu Dhabi
Founded over 50 years ago, the National Archives collects valuable historical material relating to the UAE, and is the oldest and richest archive relating to the Arabian Gulf.
Much of the material can be viewed on line at the Arabian Gulf Digital Archive - https://www.agda.ae/en
Ms Yang's top tips for parents new to the UAE
- Join parent networks
- Look beyond school fees
- Keep an open mind
UPI facts
More than 2.2 million Indian tourists arrived in UAE in 2023
More than 3.5 million Indians reside in UAE
Indian tourists can make purchases in UAE using rupee accounts in India through QR-code-based UPI real-time payment systems
Indian residents in UAE can use their non-resident NRO and NRE accounts held in Indian banks linked to a UAE mobile number for UPI transactions
Real estate tokenisation project
Dubai launched the pilot phase of its real estate tokenisation project last month.
The initiative focuses on converting real estate assets into digital tokens recorded on blockchain technology and helps in streamlining the process of buying, selling and investing, the Dubai Land Department said.
Dubai’s real estate tokenisation market is projected to reach Dh60 billion ($16.33 billion) by 2033, representing 7 per cent of the emirate’s total property transactions, according to the DLD.
Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.
Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.
“Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.
“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.
Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.
From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.
Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.
BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.
Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.
Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.
“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.
“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.
“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”
The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”
In numbers: PKK’s money network in Europe
Germany: PKK collectors typically bring in $18 million in cash a year – amount has trebled since 2010
Revolutionary tax: Investigators say about $2 million a year raised from ‘tax collection’ around Marseille
Extortion: Gunman convicted in 2023 of demanding $10,000 from Kurdish businessman in Stockholm
Drug trade: PKK income claimed by Turkish anti-drugs force in 2024 to be as high as $500 million a year
Denmark: PKK one of two terrorist groups along with Iranian separatists ASMLA to raise “two-digit million amounts”
Contributions: Hundreds of euros expected from typical Kurdish families and thousands from business owners
TV channel: Kurdish Roj TV accounts frozen and went bankrupt after Denmark fined it more than $1 million over PKK links in 2013
The specS: 2018 Toyota Camry
Price: base / as tested: Dh91,000 / Dh114,000
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Fuel economy, combined: 7.0L / 100km