The number of United Nations peacekeepers involved in missions around the world has fallen, a Swedish peace institute has said.
A study published by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, coinciding with International Day of UN Peacekeepers, has shown the number of peacekeeping personnel is shrinking despite the complexity and prevalence of conflict worldwide.
According to the institute, the number of people in multilateral peace operations – including military, police and international civilian personnel – decreased by 4.8 per cent from in the year to 31 December 2019.
The trend was attributed to cynicism in international politics over the perceived effectiveness of UN peace operations, even if forces have made overall positive contributions.
At the end of last year there were 61 multilateral peace operations in the world with 137,781 personnel deployed. The majority of peacekeepers remain on missions in Sub-Saharan Africa, though globally numbers fell in every region apart from the Middle East and North Africa.
Ethiopia, the United States and Uganda contributed the most military personnel to multilateral peace operation last year, which includes missions led by Nato, the African Union and others. Senegal, Rwanda and Egypt were the top three police-contributing countries.
The three biggest multilateral peace operations in 2019 were the African Union Mission in Somalia, the UN Mission in South Sudan and the Resolute Support Mission in Afghanistan, led by Nato.
The UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in Mali was the world’s most deadly. Of the 23 uniformed personnel killed in peacekeeping last year, all but one was killed in the Mali mission.
The mission in the Sahel nation began in April 2013 after Islamist fighters hijacked a local Tuareg insurgency and took control of vast swathes of the north of the country including the historically significant city of Timbuktu.
A French intervention successfully dislodged the Ansar Dine militants but in subsequent years the conflict has expanded across the porous borders in the region to nations including Burkina Faso, Chad, Mauritania and Niger.
France, the former colonial power, leads a 5,000-strong force in the area, which takes in personnel from the five Sahel nations. A total of 15,610 personnel are deployed with the UN mission headquartered in Bamako.
While the peacekeeping mission in Mali suffered a high number of hostile deaths, there were relatively few in other UN peace operations. As a consequence, the annual death rate of uniformed personnel, with the exception of those in Mali, was far lower than in any other year since 1990.
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Match info
Manchester United 1 (Van de Beek 80') Crystal Palace 3 (Townsend 7', Zaha pen 74' & 85')
Man of the match Wilfried Zaha (Crystal Palace)
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UAE squad
Esha Oza (captain), Al Maseera Jahangir, Emily Thomas, Heena Hotchandani, Indhuja Nandakumar, Katie Thompson, Lavanya Keny, Mehak Thakur, Michelle Botha, Rinitha Rajith, Samaira Dharnidharka, Siya Gokhale, Sashikala Silva, Suraksha Kotte, Theertha Satish (wicketkeeper) Udeni Kuruppuarachchige, Vaishnave Mahesh.
UAE tour of Zimbabwe
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Friday, Sept 26 – First ODI
Sunday, Sept 28 – Second ODI
Tuesday, Sept 30 – Third ODI
Thursday, Oct 2 – Fourth ODI
Sunday, Oct 5 – First T20I
Monday, Oct 6 – Second T20I
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UAE v Gibraltar
What: International friendly
When: 7pm kick off
Where: Rugby Park, Dubai Sports City
Admission: Free
Online: The match will be broadcast live on Dubai Exiles’ Facebook page
UAE squad: Lucas Waddington (Dubai Exiles), Gio Fourie (Exiles), Craig Nutt (Abu Dhabi Harlequins), Phil Brady (Harlequins), Daniel Perry (Dubai Hurricanes), Esekaia Dranibota (Harlequins), Matt Mills (Exiles), Jaen Botes (Exiles), Kristian Stinson (Exiles), Murray Reason (Abu Dhabi Saracens), Dave Knight (Hurricanes), Ross Samson (Jebel Ali Dragons), DuRandt Gerber (Exiles), Saki Naisau (Dragons), Andrew Powell (Hurricanes), Emosi Vacanau (Harlequins), Niko Volavola (Dragons), Matt Richards (Dragons), Luke Stevenson (Harlequins), Josh Ives (Dubai Sports City Eagles), Sean Stevens (Saracens), Thinus Steyn (Exiles)
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How to wear a kandura
Dos
- Wear the right fabric for the right season and occasion
- Always ask for the dress code if you don’t know
- Wear a white kandura, white ghutra / shemagh (headwear) and black shoes for work
- Wear 100 per cent cotton under the kandura as most fabrics are polyester
Don’ts
- Wear hamdania for work, always wear a ghutra and agal
- Buy a kandura only based on how it feels; ask questions about the fabric and understand what you are buying
