Theresa May’s Brexit deal under fire as legal advice stiffens opposition

Prime minister Theresa May’s Brexit deal came under fire from allies and opponents alike on Wednesday after the government was forced to publish legal advice showing the United Kingdom could be locked indefinitely in the European Union’s orbit.

After a string of humiliating parliamentary defeats for Mrs May the day before cast new doubt over her ability to get a deal approved, US investment bank JP Morgan said the chances of Britain calling off Brexit altogether had increased.

As investors and allies tried to work out the ultimate destination for the world’s fifth-largest economy, the Northern Irish party which props up Mrs May’s government said legal advice about the deal was “devastating”.

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Mrs May was forced by parliament to publish advice from the government’s top lawyer about the fall-back mechanism, or backstop, to prevent the return of border controls between British-ruled Northern Ireland and the EU-member Irish Republic.

“Despite statements in the Protocol that it is not intended to be permanent and the clear intention of the parties that it should be replaced by alternative, permanent arrangements, in international law the Protocol would endure indefinitely until a superseding agreement took its place,” the advice said.

“In the absence of a right of termination, there is a legal risk that the United Kingdom might become subject to protracted and repeating rounds of negotiations.”

Brexit, the United Kingdom’s biggest economic and political shift since World War Two, has repeatedly plunged British politics into crisis since the shock 2016 vote to leave the EU.

Now Mrs May is trying to get her deal approved by a parliament which shows every sign of striking it down in a vote on December 11. It is unclear what happens if the deal is rejected as Britain is due to leave on March 29.

Senior EU diplomats said they might be able to help Mrs May by making small changes to the deal she agreed with other EU leaders last month before she tries again to get support in parliament.

Nigel Dodds, deputy leader of the Northern Irish Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), confirmed the DUP intended to vote against Mrs May’s plan next week but it would continue to support her government.

“Having achieved our aim, trying to get to a better deal, it would be a bit illogical to turn around the next day and say, right, let’s get the government out,” Mr Dodds told ITV television.

A group of MPs who want a more definitive break from the EU than envisaged by Mrs May’s plan said the government had invited senior lawmakers to a briefing on Thursday at its emergency planning body on the impact of a no-deal Brexit.

A source from within the group dismissed the move as an attempt to spook senior parliamentarians.

On Wednesday, one of Mrs May’s chief party enforcers listened to the concerns of Eurosceptics in her governing Conservative party and DUP.

On Tuesday, just hours before the start of a five-day debate in the British parliament on Mrs May’s Brexit deal, a top law official at the European Court of Justice (ECJ) said Britain could pull back its formal divorce notice.

“The UK now appears to have the option of revoking unilaterally and taking a period of time of its own choosing to decide what happens next,” JP Morgan economist Malcolm Barr wrote in a note to clients.

He placed a 10 percent probability on a no-deal Brexit, down from 20 percent, and a 50 percent probability on an orderly Brexit, down from 60 percent. The chance of no Brexit at all doubled to 40 percent from 20 percent, in a sign of perhaps the biggest shift in perception since the 2016 vote to leave.

Britain’s pro-Brexit trade minister Liam Fox said it was now possible that Brexit would not happen. There was a real danger that parliament would try to “steal” Brexit from the British people, Fox told a parliamentary committee on Wednesday.

Sterling, which has seesawed on Brexit news since the referendum, traded well off the 17-month lows it hit on Tuesday, lifted by suggestions that Britain may opt not to leave the EU after all.

In the June 23, 2016 referendum, 17.4 million voters, or 52 percent, backed Brexit while 16.1 million, or 48 percent, backed staying in the bloc.

If parliament rejects her deal, Mrs May has warned Britain could leave without a deal or that there could be no Brexit at all.

Supporters of Brexit have said that if Brexit is reversed, the United Kingdom will be thrust into a constitutional crisis as what they say the financial and political elite will have thwarted the democratic will of the people.

While Mrs May’s Conservatives and the main opposition Labour party both say they respect the 2016 vote to leave, a growing number of backbench lawmakers say the only solution may be a new referendum giving voters an option to stay in the EU.

If the deal is voted down, some members of parliament from both main parties have said they would act to stop a Brexit with no agreement, which business chiefs and investors fear would weaken the West, spook financial markets and block trade.

Meanwhile, the Confederation of British Industry (CBI) said on Thursday that Britain will struggle to achieve even modest economic growth next year unless the government secures an orderly Brexit in March.

The CBI said the world's fifth-largest economy would grow by 1.3 percent in 2018, 1.4 percent in 2019 and 1.6 percent in 2020, little changed from its previous projections in June.

The forecasts were slightly weaker than those of the Bank of England.

The CBI said it was assuming that Mrs May wins backing in parliament for her preferred plan for leaving the European Union

“A no-deal scenario would blow these figures out of the water,” the CBI’s director-general, Carolyn Fairbairn, said, reiterating her organisation’s support for Mrs May’s plan.