France displays 26 looted colonial artefacts from Benin for final time


Neil Murphy
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France will put 26 looted colonial-era artefacts from Benin on display before handing them back to the country in a move that could have potential consequences for other museums around the world.

The pieces, from a trove of objects taken by French forces in 1892, are being shown for only six days at the Quai Branly Museum before being shipped to the West African country later this month.

The treasures are from the kingdom of Dahomey in the south of present-day Benin and include the throne of Dahomey's last king, Behanzin, as well as three totemic statues, four palace doors, several portable altars and three warrior dance staffs.

The decision to return them follows growing calls in Africa for European countries to return colonial spoils.

In April last year, Germany said it would hand back ancient pillaged artworks known as the Benin Bronzes to Nigeria next year. They had originally been stolen by British troops at the end of the 19th century.

The Elysee Palace said the move showed French President Emmanuel Macron's commitment to Africans being able see their cultural wealth at home and not only in European museums.

This month, Mr Macron announced that a “talking drum” from the Ivory Coast's Ebrie people, also at the Quai Branly, would be handed back as well.

Some museum directors have criticised the move to return works they deem of “universal” interest.

But Quai Branly president Emmanuel Kasarherou said he welcomed the “soul searching” that those calls had triggered about the provenance of artworks.

The Quai Branly, which has a vast trove of African artefacts, has begun a sweeping review of its collection of 300,000 objects.

The items will go on display in the Quai Branly Museum in Paris for a few days before going back to Benin. Alamy.
The items will go on display in the Quai Branly Museum in Paris for a few days before going back to Benin. Alamy.

The aim is “to identify works believed to have been taken through violence, without the owners' consent, or as war booty or through the coercion of the colonial administration,” he told AFP.

“Not all objects that are in European collections have been stolen,” he emphasised, but “what proportion were? Our objective is to find out.”

Since his election in 2017, Mr Macron has gone further than his predecessors in admitting to past French abuses in Africa.

In a speech to students in Burkina Faso soon after taking office, he vowed to clear the path for the return of African cultural heritage within five years.

An expert report commissioned by Mr Macron counted some 90,000 African works in French museums, 70,000 of them at the Quai Branly alone.

The restitution calls culminated last year in a vote in the French Parliament, where members overwhelmingly backed returning a group of artefacts to Benin and Senegal, another former French colony.

Mr Macron has predicted that the 26 objects taken from the Abomey palace will be “the pride of Benin” when they are handed back at the end of October.

They will be exhibited at various sites in Benin, including a former Portuguese fort in the city of Ouidah, once a slave-trading hub, while awaiting the completion of a museum in Abomey to house them.

Benin's President Patrice Talon has previously said he was “not satisfied” with the “small steps” taken by France and called on Mr Macron to go further.

Experts estimate that 85 to 90 per cent of African cultural artefacts were taken from the continent. But establishing how an object came into European hands can be very tricky.

Some were seized by colonial administrators, troops or doctors and passed down to descendants who in turn donated them to museums in Europe.

But others were presented as gifts to missionaries or acquired by African art collectors at the start of the 20th century or discovered during scientific expeditions.

France is not the only former colonial power to have received restitution requests.

Britain, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany have also taken a hard look at how they amassed their art collections.

Nigeria said last month it had agreed with Germany on the return of hundreds of Benin Bronzes — metal plaques and sculptures from the 16th to 18th centuries that were stolen from the palace of the ancient Kingdom of Benin in present-day Nigeria.

Belgium for its part has announced plans to return several objects looted from what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo.

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Farage on Muslim Brotherhood

Nigel Farage told Reform's annual conference that the party will proscribe the Muslim Brotherhood if he becomes Prime Minister.
"We will stop dangerous organisations with links to terrorism operating in our country," he said. "Quite why we've been so gutless about this – both Labour and Conservative – I don't know.
“All across the Middle East, countries have banned and proscribed the Muslim Brotherhood as a dangerous organisation. We will do the very same.”
It is 10 years since a ground-breaking report into the Muslim Brotherhood by Sir John Jenkins.
Among the former diplomat's findings was an assessment that “the use of extreme violence in the pursuit of the perfect Islamic society” has “never been institutionally disowned” by the movement.
The prime minister at the time, David Cameron, who commissioned the report, said membership or association with the Muslim Brotherhood was a "possible indicator of extremism" but it would not be banned.

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Brown rice: consume an amount that fits in the palm of your hand

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Fruit: a medium bowl a day and no more, and never fruit juices

Lentils and lentil pasta: soak these well and cook them at a low temperature; refrain from eating highly processed pasta variants

Courtesy Roma Megchiani, functional nutritionist at Dubai’s 77 Veggie Boutique

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Evacuations to France hit by controversy
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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
The years Ramadan fell in May

1987

1954

1921

1888

While you're here

6.30pm: Al Maktoum Challenge Round-3 Group 1 (PA) | US$95,000 | (Dirt) 2,000m
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10pm: Handicap (TB) ) | $135,000 ) | (T) 2,000m

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Director: Kaouther Ben Hania

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1.30pm Handicap (PA) Dh 50,000 (Dirt) 1,400m

Winner AF Almomayaz, Hugo Lebouc (jockey), Ali Rashid Al Raihe (trainer)

2pm Handicap (TB) Dh 84,000 (D) 1,400m

Winner Karaginsky, Tadhg O’Shea, Satish Seemar.

2.30pm Maiden (TB) Dh 60,000 (D) 1,200m

Winner Sadeedd, Ryan Curatolo, Nicholas Bachalard.

3pm Conditions (TB) Dh 100,000 (D) 1,950m

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3.30pm Handicap (TB) Dh 76,000 (D) 1,800m

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4pm Maiden (TB) Dh 60,000 (D) 1,600m

Winner Bladesmith, Tadhg O’Shea, Satish Seemar.

4.30pm Handicap (TB) Dh 68,000 (D) 1,000m

Winner Shanaghai City, Fabrice Veron, Rashed Bouresly.

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Arda Atalay, head of Mena private sector at LinkedIn Talent Solutions, Rudy Bier, managing partner of Kinetic Business Solutions and Ben Kinerman Daltrey, co-founder of KinFitz

Race card

1.30pm: Handicap (PA) Dh 50,000 (Dirt) 1,400m

2pm: Handicap (TB) Dh 84,000 (D) 1,400m

2.30pm: Maiden (TB) Dh 60,000 (D) 1,200m

3pm: Conditions (TB) Dh 100,000 (D) 1.950m

3.30pm: Handicap (TB) Dh 76,000 (D) 1,800m

4pm: Maiden (TB) Dh 60,000 (D) 1,600m

4.30pm: Handicap (TB) Dh 68,000 (D) 1,000m

Updated: October 26, 2021, 3:53 PM`