People of Turkish origin no longer make up the majority of Muslims in Germany, a major new report found.
The survey of Islamic life in Germany, last carried out in 2016, showed migrants from the Middle East putting their stamp on Germany's population – one in six of the country's Muslims now have roots in Syria, Iraq or Lebanon.
There are now between 5.3 and 5.6 million Muslims living in Germany, from a population of 83.1 million.
The study played down fears of a "parallel society" raised by migrant-sceptic politicians. It found that nearly half of Muslims are German citizens, and most have close friends without any migrant background.
More than 80 per cent of Muslims in Germany said they were religious, the study found, but their level of integration hardly differed from other migrant groups.
“Our analysis shows that the influence of religion on integration is often overstated,” said one of the report’s authors Dr Kerstin Tanis.
Migration makes Germany’s Muslim population more diverse
As recently as 2008, people with Turkish roots made up more than two thirds of Germany’s Muslim population.
Many Turkish people migrated to what was then West Germany under a “guest worker” scheme during the 1960s and 1970s, and their compatriots and relatives now number about 2.5 million.
But the Turkish communities grew little in recent years, which meant their dominant position was ended by migration from countries such as Syria.
About 45 per cent of Germany’s Muslims are believed to be of Turkish origin, down from 68 per cent in 2008.
Syrians are the second-largest group, making up about 13 per cent of Germany’s Muslim population.
Kosovo, Afghanistan and Morocco are also among the top countries of origin, followed by Lebanon, North Macedonia, Serbia, Pakistan and Iraq.
There are thought to be about 16,000 Muslims living in Germany with roots in the UAE, Saudi Arabia or Yemen.
Dr Anja Stichs, a sociologist and co-author of the report, said the figures showed Germany’s Muslim population was becoming more diverse.
“The life experiences of Muslims living in Germany are also correspondingly different,” she said.
“Many of them migrated to Germany many years ago or were born in Germany. Nearly half of them have German citizenship.
“But a growing number have arrived in the past few years and are still in the process of building their lives in Germany.”
Report says Germany’s Muslims are well integrated
Chancellor Angela Merkel's decision to open Germany's doors during the 2015 refugee crisis turned Islam and integration into a major political flashpoint.
The far-right Alternative for Germany party surged into Parliament for the first time in 2017 after declaring that “Islam does not belong to Germany” and raising fears of “segregation by parallel Islamic societies”.
Fears were also raised over whether government messages about the dangers of Covid-19 were getting through to migrant groups.
However, the new report rejected the notion of “social isolation” among Muslim communities.
The survey said 65 per cent of Muslims have frequent contact with friends with no migrant background.
Another 21 per cent said they sometimes have such contact, and only 14 per cent said they never do.
In addition, many of those who do not have such relationships “show a strong desire for more frequent contact with people who have no migration background”, the report said.
About 82 per cent of Muslims say they are religious, but researchers said this was less important for integration than other factors such as the length of time that someone has lived in Germany.
Religious practices also varied. About 40 per cent of Germany’s Muslims said they prayed every day, but 25 per cent said they did not do so at all.
In addition, the study found that about 70 per cent of Muslim women and girls in Germany do not wear a head covering.
Muslims value language skills but sometimes lag behind in education
Most Muslims in Germany – 79 per cent – say their German language skills are good or very good.
Among those who were born in Germany, 93 per cent say they speak very good German.
Despite this, many Muslims have fewer educational qualifications, partly because their schooling was often interrupted by fleeing their home country.
About 16 per cent of Muslim adults do not have a school leaving certificate, compared to three per cent of those with no history of migration.
Within migrant communities, the level of education is higher among younger generations who were born in Germany.
About 58 per cent of Muslims born in Germany had completed some kind of degree course or job qualification, the report said.
First-generation migrants, who moved to Germany themselves, often face a particular shortfall in educational achievement, Dr Tanis said.
“One example of this are the many people who recently migrated from the Middle East and had to break off their education,” she said.
Specs
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EEngine%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%201.5-litre%20turbo%204-cylinder%20%2F%202.0%20turbo%204-cylinder%20(S3)%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EPower%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20148bhp%20%2F%20328bhp%20(S3)%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ETorque%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20250Nm%20%2F%20420Nm%20(S3)%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EOn%20sale%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20December%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EPrice%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20TBA%0D%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
BIGGEST CYBER SECURITY INCIDENTS IN RECENT TIMES
SolarWinds supply chain attack: Came to light in December 2020 but had taken root for several months, compromising major tech companies, governments and its entities
Microsoft Exchange server exploitation: March 2021; attackers used a vulnerability to steal emails
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Log4j breach: December 2021; attackers exploited the Java-written code to inflitrate businesses and governments
Ferrari 12Cilindri specs
Engine: naturally aspirated 6.5-liter V12
Power: 819hp
Torque: 678Nm at 7,250rpm
Price: From Dh1,700,000
Available: Now
Global state-owned investor ranking by size
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China
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UAE
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Japan
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Norway
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Canada
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Singapore
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Tonight's Chat on The National
Tonight's Chat is a series of online conversations on The National. The series features a diverse range of celebrities, politicians and business leaders from around the Arab world.
Tonight’s Chat host Ricardo Karam is a renowned author and broadcaster with a decades-long career in TV. He has previously interviewed Bill Gates, Carlos Ghosn, Andre Agassi and the late Zaha Hadid, among others. Karam is also the founder of Takreem.
Intellectually curious and thought-provoking, Tonight’s Chat moves the conversation forward.
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The Sky Is Pink
Director: Shonali Bose
Cast: Priyanka Chopra Jonas, Farhan Akhtar, Zaira Wasim, Rohit Saraf
Three stars
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
More from Neighbourhood Watch:
57%20Seconds
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MATCH INFO
Manchester United 2 (Heaton (og) 42', Lindelof 64')
Aston Villa 2 (Grealish 11', Mings 66')
Sri Lanka's T20I squad
Thisara Perera (captain), Dilshan Munaweera, Danushka Gunathilaka, Sadeera Samarawickrama, Ashan Priyanjan, Mahela Udawatte, Dasun Shanaka, Sachith Pathirana, Vikum Sanjaya, Lahiru Gamage, Seekkuge Prasanna, Vishwa Fernando, Isuru Udana, Jeffrey Vandersay and Chathuranga de Silva.
Maestro
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EDirector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EBradley%20Cooper%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarring%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EBradley%20Cooper%2C%20Carey%20Mulligan%2C%20Maya%20Hawke%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ERating%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%203%2F5%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
RESULTS
6pm: Mazrat Al Ruwayah – Group 2 (PA) $40,000 (Dirt) 1,600m
Winner: AF Alajaj, Tadhg O’Shea (jockey), Ernst Oertel (trainer)
6.35pm: Race of Future – Handicap (TB) $80,000 (Turf) 2,410m
Winner: Global Storm, William Buick, Charlie Appleby
7.10pm: UAE 2000 Guineas – Group 3 (TB) $150,000 (D) 1,600m
Winner: Azure Coast, Antonio Fresu, Pavel Vashchenko
7.45pm: Business Bay Challenge – Listed (TB) $100,000 (T) 1,400m
Winner: Storm Damage, Patrick Cosgrave, Saeed bin Suroor
20.20pm: Curlin Stakes – Listed (TB) $100,000 (D) 2,000m
Winner: Appreciated, Fernando Jara, Doug O’Neill
8.55pm: Singspiel Stakes – Group 2 (TB) $180,000 (T) 1,800m
Winner: Lord Glitters, Daniel Tudhope, David O'Meara
9.30pm: Al Shindagha Sprint – Group 3 (TB) $150,000 (D) 1,200m
Winner: Meraas, Antonio Fresu, Musabah Al Muhairi
Benefits of first-time home buyers' scheme
- Priority access to new homes from participating developers
- Discounts on sales price of off-plan units
- Flexible payment plans from developers
- Mortgages with better interest rates, faster approval times and reduced fees
- DLD registration fee can be paid through banks or credit cards at zero interest rates
COMPANY PROFILE
Name: HyperSpace
Started: 2020
Founders: Alexander Heller, Rama Allen and Desi Gonzalez
Based: Dubai, UAE
Sector: Entertainment
Number of staff: 210
Investment raised: $75 million from investors including Galaxy Interactive, Riyadh Season, Sega Ventures and Apis Venture Partners
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
The specs
Engine: 3.0-litre six-cylinder turbo
Power: 398hp from 5,250rpm
Torque: 580Nm at 1,900-4,800rpm
Transmission: Eight-speed auto
Fuel economy, combined: 6.5L/100km
On sale: December
Price: From Dh330,000 (estimate)
The story in numbers
18
This is how many recognised sects Lebanon is home to, along with about four million citizens
450,000
More than this many Palestinian refugees are registered with UNRWA in Lebanon, with about 45 per cent of them living in the country’s 12 refugee camps
1.5 million
There are just under 1 million Syrian refugees registered with the UN, although the government puts the figure upwards of 1.5m
73
The percentage of stateless people in Lebanon, who are not of Palestinian origin, born to a Lebanese mother, according to a 2012-2013 study by human rights organisation Frontiers Ruwad Association
18,000
The number of marriages recorded between Lebanese women and foreigners between the years 1995 and 2008, according to a 2009 study backed by the UN Development Programme
77,400
The number of people believed to be affected by the current nationality law, according to the 2009 UN study
4,926
This is how many Lebanese-Palestinian households there were in Lebanon in 2016, according to a census by the Lebanese-Palestinian dialogue committee
COMPANY%20PROFILE
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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Results:
6.30pm: Handicap (Turf) | US$175,000 2,410m | Winner: Bin Battuta, Christophe Soumillon (jockey), Saeed bin Suroor (trainer)
7.05pm: UAE 1000 Guineas Trial Conditions (Dirt) | $100,000 | 1,400m | Winner: Al Hayette, Fabrice Veron, Ismail Mohammed
7.40pm: Handicap (T) | $145,000 | 1,000m | Winner: Faatinah, Jim Crowley, David Hayes
8.15pm: Dubawi Stakes Group 3 (D) | $200,000 | 1,200m | Winner: Raven’s Corner, Richard Mullen, Satish Seemar
8.50pm: Singspiel Stakes Group 3 (T) | $200,000 | 1,800m | Winner: Dream Castle, Christophe Soumillon, Saeed bin Suroor
9.25pm: Handicap (T) | $175,000 | 1,400m | Winner: Another Batt, Connor Beasley, George Scott
MATCH INFO
Uefa Champions League semi-final, first leg
Bayern Munich v Real Madrid
When: April 25, 10.45pm kick-off (UAE)
Where: Allianz Arena, Munich
Live: BeIN Sports HD
Second leg: May 1, Santiago Bernabeu, Madrid
'Gold'
Director:Anthony Hayes
Stars:Zaf Efron, Anthony Hayes
Rating:3/5
