NEW YORI // The failure of international diplomacy in the Syrian crisis after Russian and Chinese vetoes last week highlighted a weakness in the United Nations that has thrown into doubt its future role in Syria.
Reminiscent of the heated rhetoric of the Cold War in the 1960s, the East-West diplomatic clash flared about the same time as street battles in Damascus did. But the vetoes made it clear the conflict will be decided in neighbourhoods of the Syrian capital, rather than in the corridors of the UN.
The Cold War was marked by conflict and paralysis in the Security Council as both sides vetoed each other on a variety of issues.
The 1990 fall of the Soviet Union ushered in an era of cooperation at the UN; one that frayed over the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 and has become open confrontation over Syria.
"Those who believed that we were somehow past those days [of the Cold War] were living in a world that didn't actually exist," said George Lopez, a political scientist at the University of Notre Dame in the US.
"The Arab Spring is clearly the dividing line for the Russians, since [President Vladimir] Putin facing 10,000 people lined up in his own central squares questioning his legitimacy hits home a lot clearer than whether Russia should pass sanctions on somewhere like Ivory Coast."
Africa is no longer in contention the way it was during the Cold War, but Syria still lies at the crux of a geopolitical battle between the West, with its Arabian Gulf partners, and Russia.
Moscow blames its rivals for using militant Islamists to encroach on its sphere of influence in central Asia and the Middle East, and remove its allies from power, analysts said.
Vitaly Churkin, the Russian ambassador to the UN, blasted the West for having "fanned the flames of extremists and terrorist groups" in pursuit of its own designs.
Mr Churkin called the West hypocritical for engaging in "biased rhetoric without saying anything about their real interests in Syria", which he said were "all about Iran".
"Unexpected changes brought about by the invasion of Iraq", which strengthened Iran, required the West to weaken Tehran by challenging its ally in Syria, he said.
Mr Churkin said Moscow could "not accept the pressure of sanctions … [or] external military involvement in Syrian affairs".
Russia had launched diplomatic action, he said, but for the West, "would a Tomahawk cruise missile on the presidential palace in Damascus constitute action?"
The Chinese ambassador Li Baodong called the West rigid and arrogant for backing an uneven resolution singling out the Syrian government that would derail … a political settlement, and aggravate the turmoil, causing it to spill over to other countries in the region.
Western envoys pushed back. Susan Rice, the US ambassador, said Russia's fear of military intervention was "paranoid and disingenuous". Ms Rice told the council that if the resolution had passed it would in "no way authorise or pave the way for foreign military intervention".
Mark Lyall Grant, the UK ambassador, called Moscow irrational for arguing the resolution would have led to western military action.
"They have chosen to put their national interests ahead of the lives of millions of Syrians," Mr Grant said.
The core weakness of the UN is the competing interests of 192 member nations that results in agreements often so compromised that they appear spineless. In the Security Council it takes only one of the five permanent members with the power of veto to stop any agreement at all.
It was the third time Russia and China have vetoed resolutions aimed at pressuring the Syrian president, Bashar Al Assad, to leave power.
The latest would have threatened financial and travel sanctions against Syrian leaders if they did not withdraw their troops and heavy weapons from populated areas within 10 days. With battles raging in the capital, that was not likely to have happened.
The latest Security Council paralysis puts into question a UN role in Syria. The peace plan by the joint UN-Arab League envoy to Syria, Kofi Annan, appears to be dead. And without East-West consensus, fresh multilateral initiatives or UN activity in a post-Assad Syria is uncertain.
The Security Council has extended its 300-man unarmed observer mission for a final 30 days unless the fighting ends before that. The observers could then become the embryo of a post-conflict UN mission, if East and West can agree.
"Although Kofi Annan has made the best out of a weak hand that he was played and he's really stayed in the game longer than many thought, events have so far outstripped now what the Security Council can do," said Mr Lopez.
The UN could provide a stabilisation force, and eventually election monitors and constitutional experts if Mr Al Assad were overthrown and chaos ensued, he said. But he thinks Russia may well block that, too.
"They would prefer anarchy with limits to attempts by the UN to engage in missions that they know will fail," Mr Lopez said. "They can blame the anarchy on the quick trigger of the West continuing to back movements that have no ability to actually take over government and rule."
He said the opposition lacked a figure or institutions to bring confidence that factional fighting would not erupt if Mr Al Assad were ousted.
"Maybe it's next week or maybe it's three months from now, but we are all going to wake up and find there is no Assad in charge," he said. "What is the Russian position going to be then?"
foreign.desk@thenational.ae
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Other ways to buy used products in the UAE
UAE insurance firm Al Wathba National Insurance Company (AWNIC) last year launched an e-commerce website with a facility enabling users to buy car wrecks.
Bidders and potential buyers register on the online salvage car auction portal to view vehicles, review condition reports, or arrange physical surveys, and then start bidding for motors they plan to restore or harvest for parts.
Physical salvage car auctions are a common method for insurers around the world to move on heavily damaged vehicles, but AWNIC is one of the few UAE insurers to offer such services online.
For cars and less sizeable items such as bicycles and furniture, Dubizzle is arguably the best-known marketplace for pre-loved.
Founded in 2005, in recent years it has been joined by a plethora of Facebook community pages for shifting used goods, including Abu Dhabi Marketplace, Flea Market UAE and Arabian Ranches Souq Market while sites such as The Luxury Closet and Riot deal largely in second-hand fashion.
At the high-end of the pre-used spectrum, resellers such as Timepiece360.ae, WatchBox Middle East and Watches Market Dubai deal in authenticated second-hand luxury timepieces from brands such as Rolex, Hublot and Tag Heuer, with a warranty.
THE BIO
Born: Mukalla, Yemen, 1979
Education: UAE University, Al Ain
Family: Married with two daughters: Asayel, 7, and Sara, 6
Favourite piece of music: Horse Dance by Naseer Shamma
Favourite book: Science and geology
Favourite place to travel to: Washington DC
Best advice you’ve ever been given: If you have a dream, you have to believe it, then you will see it.
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The specs
Engine: 4.0-litre flat-six
Torque: 450Nm at 6,100rpm
Transmission: 7-speed PDK auto or 6-speed manual
Fuel economy, combined: 13.8L/100km
On sale: Available to order now
Ms Yang's top tips for parents new to the UAE
- Join parent networks
- Look beyond school fees
- Keep an open mind
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The White Lotus: Season three
Creator: Mike White
Starring: Walton Goggins, Jason Isaacs, Natasha Rothwell
Rating: 4.5/5
Our legal columnist
Name: Yousef Al Bahar
Advocate at Al Bahar & Associate Advocates and Legal Consultants, established in 1994
Education: Mr Al Bahar was born in 1979 and graduated in 2008 from the Judicial Institute. He took after his father, who was one of the first Emirati lawyers
MATCH INFO
Uefa Champions League semi-final, first leg
Barcelona v Liverpool, Wednesday, 11pm (UAE).
Second leg
Liverpool v Barcelona, Tuesday, May 7, 11pm
Games on BeIN Sports
Yemen's Bahais and the charges they often face
The Baha'i faith was made known in Yemen in the 19th century, first introduced by an Iranian man named Ali Muhammad Al Shirazi, considered the Herald of the Baha'i faith in 1844.
The Baha'i faith has had a growing number of followers in recent years despite persecution in Yemen and Iran.
Today, some 2,000 Baha'is reside in Yemen, according to Insaf.
"The 24 defendants represented by the House of Justice, which has intelligence outfits from the uS and the UK working to carry out an espionage scheme in Yemen under the guise of religion.. aimed to impant and found the Bahai sect on Yemeni soil by bringing foreign Bahais from abroad and homing them in Yemen," the charge sheet said.
Baha'Ullah, the founder of the Bahai faith, was exiled by the Ottoman Empire in 1868 from Iran to what is now Israel. Now, the Bahai faith's highest governing body, known as the Universal House of Justice, is based in the Israeli city of Haifa, which the Bahais turn towards during prayer.
The Houthis cite this as collective "evidence" of Bahai "links" to Israel - which the Houthis consider their enemy.
Quick pearls of wisdom
Focus on gratitude: And do so deeply, he says. “Think of one to three things a day that you’re grateful for. It needs to be specific, too, don’t just say ‘air.’ Really think about it. If you’re grateful for, say, what your parents have done for you, that will motivate you to do more for the world.”
Know how to fight: Shetty married his wife, Radhi, three years ago (he met her in a meditation class before he went off and became a monk). He says they’ve had to learn to respect each other’s “fighting styles” – he’s a talk it-out-immediately person, while she needs space to think. “When you’re having an argument, remember, it’s not you against each other. It’s both of you against the problem. When you win, they lose. If you’re on a team you have to win together.”
THE BIO
Ms Al Ameri likes the variety of her job, and the daily environmental challenges she is presented with.
Regular contact with wildlife is the most appealing part of her role at the Environment Agency Abu Dhabi.
She loves to explore new destinations and lives by her motto of being a voice in the world, and not an echo.
She is the youngest of three children, and has a brother and sister.
Her favourite book, Moby Dick by Herman Melville helped inspire her towards a career exploring the natural world.
Squid Game season two
Director: Hwang Dong-hyuk
Stars: Lee Jung-jae, Wi Ha-joon and Lee Byung-hun
Rating: 4.5/5
The rules on fostering in the UAE
A foster couple or family must:
- be Muslim, Emirati and be residing in the UAE
- not be younger than 25 years old
- not have been convicted of offences or crimes involving moral turpitude
- be free of infectious diseases or psychological and mental disorders
- have the ability to support its members and the foster child financially
- undertake to treat and raise the child in a proper manner and take care of his or her health and well-being
- A single, divorced or widowed Muslim Emirati female, residing in the UAE may apply to foster a child if she is at least 30 years old and able to support the child financially
In numbers: PKK’s money network in Europe
Germany: PKK collectors typically bring in $18 million in cash a year – amount has trebled since 2010
Revolutionary tax: Investigators say about $2 million a year raised from ‘tax collection’ around Marseille
Extortion: Gunman convicted in 2023 of demanding $10,000 from Kurdish businessman in Stockholm
Drug trade: PKK income claimed by Turkish anti-drugs force in 2024 to be as high as $500 million a year
Denmark: PKK one of two terrorist groups along with Iranian separatists ASMLA to raise “two-digit million amounts”
Contributions: Hundreds of euros expected from typical Kurdish families and thousands from business owners
TV channel: Kurdish Roj TV accounts frozen and went bankrupt after Denmark fined it more than $1 million over PKK links in 2013
Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.
Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.
“Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.
“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.
Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.
From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.
Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.
BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.
Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.
Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.
“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.
“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.
“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”
The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
The biog
Hometown: Cairo
Age: 37
Favourite TV series: The Handmaid’s Tale, Black Mirror
Favourite anime series: Death Note, One Piece and Hellsing
Favourite book: Designing Brand Identity, Fifth Edition
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Specs
Engine: Duel electric motors
Power: 659hp
Torque: 1075Nm
On sale: Available for pre-order now
Price: On request
Key facilities
- Olympic-size swimming pool with a split bulkhead for multi-use configurations, including water polo and 50m/25m training lanes
- Premier League-standard football pitch
- 400m Olympic running track
- NBA-spec basketball court with auditorium
- 600-seat auditorium
- Spaces for historical and cultural exploration
- An elevated football field that doubles as a helipad
- Specialist robotics and science laboratories
- AR and VR-enabled learning centres
- Disruption Lab and Research Centre for developing entrepreneurial skills
COMPANY%20PROFILE
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The specs: 2019 BMW X4
Price, base / as tested: Dh276,675 / Dh346,800
Engine: 3.0-litre turbocharged in-line six-cylinder
Transmission: Eight-speed automatic
Power: 354hp @ 5,500rpm
Torque: 500Nm @ 1,550rpm
Fuel economy, combined: 9.0L / 100km
