Scientists have tried for decades to find planets that are similar to Earth.
And the requirements are pretty demanding: it would need to orbit a Sun-like star, but be at a safe distance – and just happen to have all the right ingredients for us to survive.
So far, Nasa has discovered of 4,401 exoplanets, planets beyond the solar system.
A few are believed to be Earth-like, while others have strange atmospheres or orbit deadly stars.
Every day is a bad day on this planet
Since the first exoplanets were discovered in the 1990s, scientists have found planets with extreme temperatures, covered in molten seas, ones that are filled with water or ice, and worlds that have the density of Styrofoam.
"Now we live in a universe of exoplanets. The count of confirmed planets is in the thousands and rising – that's from only a small sampling of the galaxy as a whole," Nasa said.
“The count could rise to the tens of thousands within a decade, as we increase the number, and observing power, of robotic telescopes lofted into space.”
The Kepler space telescope and Hubble made most of these discoveries.
But an astronomical revolution is expected with the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope in October, the world's most advanced space observatory. It will help astronomers study what the universe looked like millions of years ago.
The National highlights 10 strange worlds in the Milky Way galaxy discovered so far.
WASP-12 b: the ultimate Frankenstein creation
This planet will be destroyed by its parent star in 10 million years.
The star is so hot that it is tearing apart the planet’s atmosphere and the extreme gravity causes giant tidal forces that are stretching the planet into the shape of an egg.
Temperature on this planet is about 2,210°C.
Nasa calls this planet “the ultimate Frankenstein creation”.
"Relatively soon (10 million years – a fleeting moment in space time) this planet will be completely devoured by its hungry star. If you enjoy watching the world fall to pieces, then this planet is for you," the space agency said.
AU Microscopii b: tormented with deadly X-rays
This planet is constantly blasted with deadly X-rays and other radiation from its star.
"Located less than 32 light years from Earth, AU Microscopii is among the youngest planetary systems ever observed by astronomers, and its star throws vicious temper tantrums," Nasa said.
“This devilish young system holds planet AU Mic b captive inside a looming disc of ghostly dust and ceaselessly torments it with deadly blasts of X-rays and other radiation, thwarting any chance of life.”
The gas giant exoplanet takes 8.5 days to complete one orbit around its star. It was discovered in 2020.
KELT-9 b: scorching temperatures
Discovered in 2017, this exoplanet has a mass nearly three times greater than that of Jupiter, but is only half as dense as the planet.
It has a dayside temperature of more than 4,315°C and orbits a star that is almost twice as large and hot as the Sun, which blasts the planet with high levels of ultraviolet radiation.
The planet takes 1.5 days to complete an orbit around its star.
Kepler 16 b: planet with a cool star
Composed mostly of rock, this planet was the first one discovered by the Kepler telescope to orbit two stars.
It is about the size of Saturn and lies in a habitable zone, where liquid water could exist, according to Nasa.
Discovered in 2011, the planet orbits stars that are cooler than the Sun.
One year on the planet is 228.8 days.
PSR B1257+12 b: ‘creepy’
Discovered in 1994, this planet is described by scientists as “one of the creepiest ones”.
It orbits a pulsar – a rapidly rotating neutron star, which is the dense core of a massive star that exploded.
The planet, like any other that orbits a pulsar, is inhospitable and is bombarded with constant radiation from its star.
It completes one orbit around its star in 25.3 days.
GJ 504 b: the glowing planet
Four times bigger than Jupiter, this planet is 57 light years from Earth.
Nasa reports that this world is still glowing from the heat of its formation and its colour would appear as a dull magenta.
It is one of the lowest-mass exoplanets yet discovered and has a temperature of about 237°C.
The planet orbits a star that is about 160 million years old.
It takes 259.9 years for the planet to complete one full circle around its star.
TYC 8998-760-1 b: a mysterious world
This planet formed so recently its powerful glow can be detected by ground-based telescope.
Its star is about 17 million years old, which is considered young in astronomy.
Nasa classifies this planet as a brown dwarf, meaning it is considered neither a star nor a planet.
Brown dwarfs are mysterious worlds, with many unanswered questions about their properties and appearance, the space agency said.
“They're too massive to be planets, but not quite massive enough to be stars.”
Temperature on the planet's surface reaches about 1,400°C . Its companion planet, TYC 8998-760-1 c, was discovered in 2020.
It completes one orbit around its star in 2,063.1 years.
55 Cancri e: a lava planet
This lava world orbits a star that is similar to the Sun.
However, the planet’s surface is uninhabitable because it is covered in molten lava. The sky in this world sparkles when the surface lava reflects on the dark side of the planet. Only one side of the planet faces the star, the other is completely dark.
Discovered in 2004, the planet completes one full orbit around its star in 0.7 days.
TOI-849 b: ‘every day is a bad day on this planet’
Discovered in 2020, this planet’s atmosphere is being stripped away because it is so close to its parent star.
It is 40 times the mass of Earth and has little or no atmosphere.
"Every day is a bad day on planet TOI 849 b. About half the mass of our own Saturn, this planet orbits a Sun-like star more than 700 light years from Earth," Nasa said.
“It hugs its star so tightly that a year – one trip around the star – takes less than a day.”
Surface temperature on the planet is about 1,500°C.
Kepler-10 b: hotter than lava on Earth
This is another lava world that orbits too closely to its star.
Daytime temperature on this planet is more than 1,371°C – hotter than the lava on Earth.
It is a rocky planet 1.4 times the size of our planet.
30 remarkable images of the UAE from space
The specs: 2018 Chevrolet Trailblazer
Price, base / as tested Dh99,000 / Dh132,000
Engine 3.6L V6
Transmission: Six-speed automatic
Power 275hp @ 6,000rpm
Torque 350Nm @ 3,700rpm
Fuel economy combined 12.2L / 100km
Director: Laxman Utekar
Cast: Vicky Kaushal, Akshaye Khanna, Diana Penty, Vineet Kumar Singh, Rashmika Mandanna
Rating: 1/5
RACE CARD
6.30pm Maiden Dh165,000 (Dirt) 1,200
7.05pm Handicap Dh165,000 (D) 1,600m
7.40pm Maiden Dh165,000 (D) 1,600m
8.15pm Handicap Dh190,000 (D) 1,600m
8.50pm Handicap Dh175,000 (D) 1,400m
9.25pm Handicap Dh175,000 (D) 2,000m
The National selections:
6.30pm Underwriter
7.05pm Rayig
7.40pm Torno Subito
8.15pm Talento Puma
8.50pm Etisalat
9.25pm Gundogdu
RESULT
Shabab Al Ahli Dubai 0 Al Ain 6
Al Ain: Caio (5', 73'), El Shahat (10'), Berg (65'), Khalil (83'), Al Ahbabi (90' 2)
How the bonus system works
The two riders are among several riders in the UAE to receive the top payment of £10,000 under the Thank You Fund of £16 million (Dh80m), which was announced in conjunction with Deliveroo's £8 billion (Dh40bn) stock market listing earlier this year.
The £10,000 (Dh50,000) payment is made to those riders who have completed the highest number of orders in each market.
There are also riders who will receive payments of £1,000 (Dh5,000) and £500 (Dh2,500).
All riders who have worked with Deliveroo for at least one year and completed 2,000 orders will receive £200 (Dh1,000), the company said when it announced the scheme.
Scoreline
Swansea 2
Grimes 20' (pen), Celina, 29'
Man City 3
Silva 69', Nordfeldt 78' (og), Aguero 88'
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Jetour T1 specs
Engine: 2-litre turbocharged
Power: 254hp
Torque: 390Nm
Price: From Dh126,000
Available: Now
The specs
Engine: 4.0-litre flat-six
Torque: 450Nm at 6,100rpm
Transmission: 7-speed PDK auto or 6-speed manual
Fuel economy, combined: 13.8L/100km
On sale: Available to order now
Scoreline:
Manchester City 1
Jesus 4'
Brighton 0
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
MOUNTAINHEAD REVIEW
Starring: Ramy Youssef, Steve Carell, Jason Schwartzman
Director: Jesse Armstrong
Rating: 3.5/5
Key recommendations
- Fewer criminals put behind bars and more to serve sentences in the community, with short sentences scrapped and many inmates released earlier.
- Greater use of curfews and exclusion zones to deliver tougher supervision than ever on criminals.
- Explore wider powers for judges to punish offenders by blocking them from attending football matches, banning them from driving or travelling abroad through an expansion of ‘ancillary orders’.
- More Intensive Supervision Courts to tackle the root causes of crime such as alcohol and drug abuse – forcing repeat offenders to take part in tough treatment programmes or face prison.
INDIA%20SQUAD
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The line up
Friday: Giggs, Sho Madjozi and Masego
Saturday: Nas, Lion Bbae, Roxanne Shante and DaniLeigh
Sole DXB runs from December 6 to 8 at Dubai Design District. Weekend pass is Dh295 while a one day pass is Dh195. Tickets are available from www.soledxb.com
WHAT IS A BLACK HOLE?
1. Black holes are objects whose gravity is so strong not even light can escape their pull
2. They can be created when massive stars collapse under their own weight
3. Large black holes can also be formed when smaller ones collide and merge
4. The biggest black holes lurk at the centre of many galaxies, including our own
5. Astronomers believe that when the universe was very young, black holes affected how galaxies formed
Rankings
ATP: 1. Novak Djokovic (SRB) 10,955 pts; 2. Rafael Nadal (ESP) 8,320; 3. Alexander Zverev (GER) 6,475 ( 1); 5. Juan Martin Del Potro (ARG) 5,060 ( 1); 6. Kevin Anderson (RSA) 4,845 ( 1); 6. Roger Federer (SUI) 4,600 (-3); 7. Kei Nishikori (JPN) 4,110 ( 2); 8. Dominic Thiem (AUT) 3,960; 9. John Isner (USA) 3,155 ( 1); 10. Marin Cilic (CRO) 3,140 (-3)
WTA: 1. Naomi Osaka (JPN) 7,030 pts ( 3); 2. Petra Kvitova (CZE) 6,290 ( 4); 3. Simona Halep (ROM) 5,582 (-2); 4. Sloane Stephens (USA) 5,307 ( 1); 5. Karolina Pliskova (CZE) 5,100 ( 3); 6. Angelique Kerber (GER) 4,965 (-4); 7. Elina Svitolina (UKR) 4,940; 8. Kiki Bertens (NED) 4,430 ( 1); 9. Caroline Wozniacki (DEN) 3,566 (-6); 10. Aryna Sabalenka (BLR) 3,485 ( 1)
Dhadak
Director: Shashank Khaitan
Starring: Janhvi Kapoor, Ishaan Khattar, Ashutosh Rana
Stars: 3
TERMINAL HIGH ALTITUDE AREA DEFENCE (THAAD)
What is THAAD?
It is considered to be the US's most superior missile defence system.
Production:
It was created in 2008.
Speed:
THAAD missiles can travel at over Mach 8, so fast that it is hypersonic.
Abilities:
THAAD is designed to take out ballistic missiles as they are on their downward trajectory towards their target, otherwise known as the "terminal phase".
Purpose:
To protect high-value strategic sites, such as airfields or population centres.
Range:
THAAD can target projectiles inside and outside the Earth's atmosphere, at an altitude of 150 kilometres above the Earth's surface.
Creators:
Lockheed Martin was originally granted the contract to develop the system in 1992. Defence company Raytheon sub-contracts to develop other major parts of the system, such as ground-based radar.
UAE and THAAD:
In 2011, the UAE became the first country outside of the US to buy two THAAD missile defence systems. It then stationed them in 2016, becoming the first Gulf country to do so.
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FOOTBALL TEST
Team X 1 Team Y 0
Scorers
Red card
Man of the Match
Quick pearls of wisdom
Focus on gratitude: And do so deeply, he says. “Think of one to three things a day that you’re grateful for. It needs to be specific, too, don’t just say ‘air.’ Really think about it. If you’re grateful for, say, what your parents have done for you, that will motivate you to do more for the world.”
Know how to fight: Shetty married his wife, Radhi, three years ago (he met her in a meditation class before he went off and became a monk). He says they’ve had to learn to respect each other’s “fighting styles” – he’s a talk it-out-immediately person, while she needs space to think. “When you’re having an argument, remember, it’s not you against each other. It’s both of you against the problem. When you win, they lose. If you’re on a team you have to win together.”
Thank You for Banking with Us
Director: Laila Abbas
Starring: Yasmine Al Massri, Clara Khoury, Kamel El Basha, Ashraf Barhoum
Rating: 4/5