Western Europe has faced worse outrages than the massacre at the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo – the 191 people who died in the Madrid train bombings of 2004 being a case in point – but there is little doubt that the Paris events will cast a darkening shadow over the continent for years to come.
The Paris attack stands out for many reasons, foremost its ruthless execution. The video of the black-clad assassins calmly delaying their getaway to saunter up to an injured policeman and shoot him dead has brought the incident into every home. While the full truth of their motivation is not yet known, the murderers appear to be far more professional than some of the previous jihadists who have taken up arms against western democracies.
The 2005 bombers who blew themselves up on London Underground trains and a bus have appeared, in the light of subsequent investigation, to be misguided dupes whose plotting was haphazard at best. The Iranian-born man who shocked the city of Sydney by taking hostage the staff and clients of a coffee bar last month was a criminal and a fantasist.
The ruthlessness of Wednesday’s attack inevitably suggests a connection with events in Syria and Iraq, where the well-armed jihadists of ISIL have declared a fundamentalist “caliphate”. The blood-soaked propaganda issued by ISIL has drawn unemployed youths from all over the Muslim world, and increasingly from the disoriented sons (and some daughters) of Muslim immigrants in western Europe.
Several thousand European Muslims are understood to be ISIL recruits, some of them groomed to be suicide bombers. The issue which has occupied security forces is how to stop those who have been trained and indoctrinated by ISIL from returning home to conduct jihad against European targets. Confiscating passports and forcing returning jihadists to undergo deradicalisation programmes are some of the measures being implemented.
Yet it is widely recognised – though politicians cannot afford to say so – that the scale of the problem is unmanageable. The source of contagion, just beyond the borders of Turkey, is just a short distance away. This proximity and the ease of international communication means that Europe is now an integral part of the swathe of war and crisis that is engulfing the Arab world.
Just 10 years ago, things were very different: would-be recruits had to make their way to Pakistan and they could be more easily monitored.
In the aftermath of the London bombings, the British response appeared relatively complacent. Money and resources were thrown into domestic security and forms of house arrest were legalised for suspected radical jihadists. About £80 million (Dh442.8m) was spent on “Prevent”, a series of measures to fight radicalisation and boost social cohesion. Probably most of this money was wasted and many Muslims felt stigmatised.
The British media – usually known for making trouble wherever they can – adopted self-censorship as regards what might be seen as insulting to Islam. While Christianity was mocked, Islam was off limits. Police were accused of turning a blind eye to criminality in immigrant subcultures.
All this is perhaps understandable at times of inter-communal tension. But yesterday a clear link was being drawn between the self-censorship of the British media and the attack of Charlie Hebdo. The provocative cartoons printed in the French weekly would never have appeared in British publications. David Aaronovitch, a columnist for The Times in London, wrote that the reticence of British journalists exposed the French publication to retaliation.
There are many reasons why the softly-softly approach of the British state cannot be repeated now. First, there is no geographical barrier between Europe and the war zones of the Middle East. The connection is given concrete form in the minds of Europeans by pictures of the thousands of migrants who cross the Mediterranean. The jihadists are hidden and no doubt are infinitesimally small in number. But in the minds of Europeans anguished about mass immigration (though most of it is actually from inside Europe) the two are likely to become amalgamated.
The second issue is a pan-European loss of confidence in governments and the ability of the EU to cope with the challenges of globalisation. Seven years after the financial crash Europe suffers from intolerable levels of unemployment, especially among youth, and the long heralded prospect of a return to growth has turned into the nightmare of deflation. All this has led to a rise of populist and xenophobic parties that disguise their racism under the cover of anti-Europeanism.
It is in France that this phenomenon is most clearly seen with the anti-immigrant National Front of Marine le Pen, who is campaigning against the euro, leading the opinion polls against the lacklustre and scandal-hit president, Francois Hollande.
Germany, the most successful economy in Europe, is seeing weekly protests by the anti-immigrant Pegida, though these have been opposed by well-attended counter-demonstrations. There is much that makes no sense here: the biggest Pegida demonstrations are in the city of Dresden, in the economically deprived east, which is practically immigrant-free. So clearly Islamophobia is a rallying cry for broader concerns.
That does not change the reality that all over Europe governments are weakened by populist and insurgent movements that demand an end to business as usual. The danger in all of this is that Muslims feel further stigmatised and isolated. It is up to Muslim communities to speak up against the terrorists. In general this is what community leaders have been doing. But it has to be louder and more forceful to drown out the rising anti-immigrant lobbies.
Alan Philps is a commentator on global affairs
On Twitter: @aphilps
In numbers: PKK’s money network in Europe
Germany: PKK collectors typically bring in $18 million in cash a year – amount has trebled since 2010
Revolutionary tax: Investigators say about $2 million a year raised from ‘tax collection’ around Marseille
Extortion: Gunman convicted in 2023 of demanding $10,000 from Kurdish businessman in Stockholm
Drug trade: PKK income claimed by Turkish anti-drugs force in 2024 to be as high as $500 million a year
Denmark: PKK one of two terrorist groups along with Iranian separatists ASMLA to raise “two-digit million amounts”
Contributions: Hundreds of euros expected from typical Kurdish families and thousands from business owners
TV channel: Kurdish Roj TV accounts frozen and went bankrupt after Denmark fined it more than $1 million over PKK links in 2013
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Skewed figures
In the village of Mevagissey in southwest England the housing stock has doubled in the last century while the number of residents is half the historic high. The village's Neighbourhood Development Plan states that 26% of homes are holiday retreats. Prices are high, averaging around £300,000, £50,000 more than the Cornish average of £250,000. The local average wage is £15,458.
MATCH INFO
Chelsea 1 (Hudson-Odoi 90 1')
Manchester City 3 (Gundogan 18', Foden 21', De Bruyne 34')
Man of the match: Ilkay Gundogan (Man City)
'Cheb%20Khaled'
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Key facilities
- Olympic-size swimming pool with a split bulkhead for multi-use configurations, including water polo and 50m/25m training lanes
- Premier League-standard football pitch
- 400m Olympic running track
- NBA-spec basketball court with auditorium
- 600-seat auditorium
- Spaces for historical and cultural exploration
- An elevated football field that doubles as a helipad
- Specialist robotics and science laboratories
- AR and VR-enabled learning centres
- Disruption Lab and Research Centre for developing entrepreneurial skills
Volvo ES90 Specs
Engine: Electric single motor (96kW), twin motor (106kW) and twin motor performance (106kW)
Power: 333hp, 449hp, 680hp
Torque: 480Nm, 670Nm, 870Nm
On sale: Later in 2025 or early 2026, depending on region
Price: Exact regional pricing TBA
The White Lotus: Season three
Creator: Mike White
Starring: Walton Goggins, Jason Isaacs, Natasha Rothwell
Rating: 4.5/5
COMPANY PROFILE
Name: Kumulus Water
Started: 2021
Founders: Iheb Triki and Mohamed Ali Abid
Based: Tunisia
Sector: Water technology
Number of staff: 22
Investment raised: $4 million
The smuggler
Eldarir had arrived at JFK in January 2020 with three suitcases, containing goods he valued at $300, when he was directed to a search area.
Officers found 41 gold artefacts among the bags, including amulets from a funerary set which prepared the deceased for the afterlife.
Also found was a cartouche of a Ptolemaic king on a relief that was originally part of a royal building or temple.
The largest single group of items found in Eldarir’s cases were 400 shabtis, or figurines.
Khouli conviction
Khouli smuggled items into the US by making false declarations to customs about the country of origin and value of the items.
According to Immigration and Customs Enforcement, he provided “false provenances which stated that [two] Egyptian antiquities were part of a collection assembled by Khouli's father in Israel in the 1960s” when in fact “Khouli acquired the Egyptian antiquities from other dealers”.
He was sentenced to one year of probation, six months of home confinement and 200 hours of community service in 2012 after admitting buying and smuggling Egyptian antiquities, including coffins, funerary boats and limestone figures.
For sale
A number of other items said to come from the collection of Ezeldeen Taha Eldarir are currently or recently for sale.
Their provenance is described in near identical terms as the British Museum shabti: bought from Salahaddin Sirmali, "authenticated and appraised" by Hossen Rashed, then imported to the US in 1948.
- An Egyptian Mummy mask dating from 700BC-30BC, is on offer for £11,807 ($15,275) online by a seller in Mexico
- A coffin lid dating back to 664BC-332BC was offered for sale by a Colorado-based art dealer, with a starting price of $65,000
- A shabti that was on sale through a Chicago-based coin dealer, dating from 1567BC-1085BC, is up for $1,950
NO OTHER LAND
Director: Basel Adra, Yuval Abraham, Rachel Szor, Hamdan Ballal
Stars: Basel Adra, Yuval Abraham
Rating: 3.5/5
Company%20Profile
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MATCH INFO
Uefa Champions League semi-final, second leg
Real Madrid (2) v Bayern Munich (1)
Where: Santiago Bernabeu, Madrid
When: 10.45pm, Tuesday
Watch Live: beIN Sports HD
The specs
AT4 Ultimate, as tested
Engine: 6.2-litre V8
Power: 420hp
Torque: 623Nm
Transmission: 10-speed automatic
Price: From Dh330,800 (Elevation: Dh236,400; AT4: Dh286,800; Denali: Dh345,800)
On sale: Now
Specs
Engine: Dual-motor all-wheel-drive electric
Range: Up to 610km
Power: 905hp
Torque: 985Nm
Price: From Dh439,000
Available: Now
COMPANY%20PROFILE
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Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.
Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.
“Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.
“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.
Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.
From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.
Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.
BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.
Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.
Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.
“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.
“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.
“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”
The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”
Ireland (15-1):
Ireland (15-1): Rob Kearney; Keith Earls, Chris Farrell, Bundee Aki, Jacob Stockdale; Jonathan Sexton, Conor Murray; Jack Conan, Sean O'Brien, Peter O'Mahony; James Ryan, Quinn Roux; Tadhg Furlong, Rory Best (capt), Cian Healy
Replacements: Sean Cronin, Dave Kilcoyne, Andrew Porter, Ultan Dillane, Josh van der Flier, John Cooney, Joey Carbery, Jordan Larmour
Coach: Joe Schmidt (NZL)
ABU%20DHABI'S%20KEY%20TOURISM%20GOALS%3A%20BY%20THE%20NUMBERS
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Company Profile
Name: Thndr
Started: 2019
Co-founders: Ahmad Hammouda and Seif Amr
Sector: FinTech
Headquarters: Egypt
UAE base: Hub71, Abu Dhabi
Current number of staff: More than 150
Funds raised: $22 million
Brief scores:
Day 1
Toss: South Africa, field first
Pakistan (1st innings) 177: Sarfraz 56, Masood 44; Olivier 4-48
South Africa (1st innings) 123-2: Markram 78; Masood 1-4
A MINECRAFT MOVIE
Director: Jared Hess
Starring: Jack Black, Jennifer Coolidge, Jason Momoa
Rating: 3/5
The specs: 2018 Nissan Altima
Price, base / as tested: Dh78,000 / Dh97,650
Engine: 2.5-litre in-line four-cylinder
Power: 182hp @ 6,000rpm
Torque: 244Nm @ 4,000rpm
Transmission: Continuously variable tranmission
Fuel consumption, combined: 7.6L / 100km
Women%E2%80%99s%20T20%20World%20Cup%20Qualifier
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Director: Laxman Utekar
Cast: Vicky Kaushal, Akshaye Khanna, Diana Penty, Vineet Kumar Singh, Rashmika Mandanna
Rating: 1/5
COMPANY PROFILE
Founders: Alhaan Ahmed, Alyina Ahmed and Maximo Tettamanzi
Total funding: Self funded