The Middle East is one of the regions most vulnerable to climate change; countries such as Yemen, Syria and Iraq are experiencing demonstrable – and dangerous – levels of drought and desertification. However, the region’s particular reliance on water predates global warming by millennia, something that is strongly reflected in its culture.
Depictions of water abound in classical Arab literature and ma’a – the Arabic word for water – has spiritual and cultural significance. It is a source of life and prosperity. Just this week, UAE President Sheikh Mohamed has called for rain prayers to be held in all mosques in the Emirates on Saturday, a tradition that is performed in Muslim-majority countries when rainfall is delayed.
Elsewhere in the Gulf, the issue of water – or rather the lack thereof – was highlighted this week at the Cop16 UN summit to combat desertification being held in Saudi Arabia. The country’s Crown Prince, Mohammed bin Salman, yesterday announced plans to set up an international Global Water Organisation that will be based in Riyadh and the hashtag “united for water” is widely circulating on social media in the kingdom. These are notable developments because the dangers posed by desertification, drought and land degradation are simply not getting the global attention they deserve.
A key reason for this was outlined by Dr Osama Faqeeha, Saudi Arabia's Deputy Minister of Environment, Water and Agriculture, who told The National this week that “many people think combating desertification is a challenge for arid countries”. On the contrary, it is a problem with global ramifications. In September, the World Economic Forum cited UN data that claims 100 million hectares of productive land are degraded each year, droughts are becoming more common and three quarters of people are expected to face water scarcity by 2050.
More worryingly, the World Wildlife Fund last year published the first ever annual estimate of the economic value of the world’s water and freshwater systems. It found them to be worth $58 trillion – equivalent to 60 per cent of global GDP. The continuing degradation of rivers, lakes, wetlands and aquifers – many of which are found in non-arid countries – threatens the worldwide economy and poses profound problems for human and planetary health.
Water scarcity and drought undermine food security and fuel forced migration. Conflict over dwindling water resources is another reality to faced – the Pacific Institute’s Water Conflict Chronology website lists thousands of disputes and violent clashes over water resources that go back as far back as ancient Sumaria.
Just as climate finance was at the heart of the recent Cop29 summit in Baku, funding ways of stopping or reversing desertification should command the attention of policymakers
Just as climate finance was at the heart of the recent Cop29 summit in Baku, funding ways of stopping or reversing desertification should command the attention of the policymakers meeting in Riyadh. The UN says investment in nature-based solutions must increase more than twofold, to reach at least $542 billion by 2030 and Dr Faqeeha wants businesses to move more quickly to fill the finance gap and tackle the effects of drought.
Given their intimate appreciation of water’s importance, countries in this region have much to share with the world when it comes to these issues. The UAE, for example, has invested significantly in not only encouraging rainfall through cloud seeding but also works hard to conserve and recycle its existing water supplies. Next year, Dubai will complete a 27.2 million litre Aquifer Storage and Recovery project for desalinated water.
For generations, the people of the Middle East have treasured water. If more of the world can emulate this connection, global society will be one step closer to avoiding the worst-case scenario of a desiccated, arid planet.
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Sholto Byrnes on Myanmar politics
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
'Of Love & War'
Lynsey Addario, Penguin Press
MATCH INFO
Manchester United 1 (Rashford 36')
Liverpool 1 (Lallana 84')
Man of the match: Marcus Rashford (Manchester United)
ONCE UPON A TIME IN GAZA
Starring: Nader Abd Alhay, Majd Eid, Ramzi Maqdisi
Directors: Tarzan and Arab Nasser
Rating: 4.5/5
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5 of the most-popular Airbnb locations in Dubai
Bobby Grudziecki, chief operating officer of Frank Porter, identifies the five most popular areas in Dubai for those looking to make the most out of their properties and the rates owners can secure:
• Dubai Marina
The Marina and Jumeirah Beach Residence are popular locations, says Mr Grudziecki, due to their closeness to the beach, restaurants and hotels.
Frank Porter’s average Airbnb rent:
One bedroom: Dh482 to Dh739
Two bedroom: Dh627 to Dh960
Three bedroom: Dh721 to Dh1,104
• Downtown
Within walking distance of the Dubai Mall, Burj Khalifa and the famous fountains, this location combines business and leisure. “Sure it’s for tourists,” says Mr Grudziecki. “Though Downtown [still caters to business people] because it’s close to Dubai International Financial Centre."
Frank Porter’s average Airbnb rent:
One bedroom: Dh497 to Dh772
Two bedroom: Dh646 to Dh1,003
Three bedroom: Dh743 to Dh1,154
• City Walk
The rising star of the Dubai property market, this area is lined with pristine sidewalks, boutiques and cafes and close to the new entertainment venue Coca Cola Arena. “Downtown and Marina are pretty much the same prices,” Mr Grudziecki says, “but City Walk is higher.”
Frank Porter’s average Airbnb rent:
One bedroom: Dh524 to Dh809
Two bedroom: Dh682 to Dh1,052
Three bedroom: Dh784 to Dh1,210
• Jumeirah Lake Towers
Dubai Marina’s little brother JLT resides on the other side of Sheikh Zayed road but is still close enough to beachside outlets and attractions. The big selling point for Airbnb renters, however, is that “it’s cheaper than Dubai Marina”, Mr Grudziecki says.
Frank Porter’s average Airbnb rent:
One bedroom: Dh422 to Dh629
Two bedroom: Dh549 to Dh818
Three bedroom: Dh631 to Dh941
• Palm Jumeirah
Palm Jumeirah's proximity to luxury resorts is attractive, especially for big families, says Mr Grudziecki, as Airbnb renters can secure competitive rates on one of the world’s most famous tourist destinations.
Frank Porter’s average Airbnb rent:
One bedroom: Dh503 to Dh770
Two bedroom: Dh654 to Dh1,002
Three bedroom: Dh752 to Dh1,152
WOMAN AND CHILD
Director: Saeed Roustaee
Starring: Parinaz Izadyar, Payman Maadi
Rating: 4/5
Game Of Thrones Season Seven: A Bluffers Guide
Want to sound on message about the biggest show on television without actually watching it? Best not to get locked into the labyrinthine tales of revenge and royalty: as Isaac Hempstead Wright put it, all you really need to know from now on is that there’s going to be a huge fight between humans and the armies of undead White Walkers.
The season ended with a dragon captured by the Night King blowing apart the huge wall of ice that separates the human world from its less appealing counterpart. Not that some of the humans in Westeros have been particularly appealing, either.
Anyway, the White Walkers are now free to cause any kind of havoc they wish, and as Liam Cunningham told us: “Westeros may be zombie land after the Night King has finished.” If the various human factions don’t put aside their differences in season 8, we could be looking at The Walking Dead: The Medieval Years.
Sri Lanka squad
Dinesh Chandimal, Dimuth Karunaratne, Kaushal Silva, Kusal Mendis, Angelo Mathews, Lahiru Thirimanne, Niroshan Dickwella, Sadeera Samarawickrama, Rangana Herath, Suranga Lakmal, Nuwan Pradeep, Lakshan Sandakan, Vishwa Fernando, Lahiru Kumara, Jeffrey Vandersay, Milinda Siriwardana, Roshen Silva, Akila Dananjaya, Charith Asalanka, Shaminda Eranga and Dhammika Prasad.
The smuggler
Eldarir had arrived at JFK in January 2020 with three suitcases, containing goods he valued at $300, when he was directed to a search area.
Officers found 41 gold artefacts among the bags, including amulets from a funerary set which prepared the deceased for the afterlife.
Also found was a cartouche of a Ptolemaic king on a relief that was originally part of a royal building or temple.
The largest single group of items found in Eldarir’s cases were 400 shabtis, or figurines.
Khouli conviction
Khouli smuggled items into the US by making false declarations to customs about the country of origin and value of the items.
According to Immigration and Customs Enforcement, he provided “false provenances which stated that [two] Egyptian antiquities were part of a collection assembled by Khouli's father in Israel in the 1960s” when in fact “Khouli acquired the Egyptian antiquities from other dealers”.
He was sentenced to one year of probation, six months of home confinement and 200 hours of community service in 2012 after admitting buying and smuggling Egyptian antiquities, including coffins, funerary boats and limestone figures.
For sale
A number of other items said to come from the collection of Ezeldeen Taha Eldarir are currently or recently for sale.
Their provenance is described in near identical terms as the British Museum shabti: bought from Salahaddin Sirmali, "authenticated and appraised" by Hossen Rashed, then imported to the US in 1948.
- An Egyptian Mummy mask dating from 700BC-30BC, is on offer for £11,807 ($15,275) online by a seller in Mexico
- A coffin lid dating back to 664BC-332BC was offered for sale by a Colorado-based art dealer, with a starting price of $65,000
- A shabti that was on sale through a Chicago-based coin dealer, dating from 1567BC-1085BC, is up for $1,950
Brief scoreline:
Wales 1
James 5'
Slovakia 0
Man of the Match: Dan James (Wales)
About Karol Nawrocki
• Supports military aid for Ukraine, unlike other eurosceptic leaders, but he will oppose its membership in western alliances.
• A nationalist, his campaign slogan was Poland First. "Let's help others, but let's take care of our own citizens first," he said on social media in April.
• Cultivates tough-guy image, posting videos of himself at shooting ranges and in boxing rings.
• Met Donald Trump at the White House and received his backing.
