Why blackouts are so common in Afghanistan


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Early this month, Afghanistan’s electricity sector took three major hits after blasts crippled transmission towers in Kabul’s Chimtala area and Charikar city in Parwan province. The next day in Charikar, explosives detonated at the site killed one official and injured four more employees from the country’s state electricity company, Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat (Dabs), as they were making repairs.

Attacks on Afghanistan’s electricity infrastructure have been on the rise since the US-Taliban peace deal was signed on February 29. Late last month, Kabul and much of eastern Afghanistan were sent into blackout conditions when militants detonated an improvised explosive device at a transmission tower near the capital.

As the Afghan government struggles to contain the spread of coronavirus, the resurgence in violence has exacerbated its inability to ensure hospitals and households have access to critical resources like electricity and drinking water.

Last month, Dabs spokesman Wahidullah Tawhidi expressed alarm at not only the financial losses incurred by the attacks, but also the significant toll on Afghans’ access to healthcare and education in the wake of Covid-19.

As if the Taliban’s long history of sabotaging transmission towers and cutting power lines were not enough to expose Afghanistan’s failure to secure its electricity infrastructure, Covid-19 has shed new light on these vulnerabilities. Solutions like the Ministry of Public Health’s development of a Covid-19 information app and the Ministry of Education’s provision of online educational resources are proving largely ineffective for a population stuck in the dark.

Hospitals, prisons, and medical centres that struggle in non-Covid times are now stretched thin by the dual threat of Covid-19 and Taliban violence in response to the Afghan government’s inability to meet demands.

Part of the problem of ensuring electricity access lies in the country’s reliance on long-distance transmission systems. The history of local, regional and international development of Afghanistan’s electricity infrastructure has been disproportionately focused on long-distance and cross-border projects prone to theft, sabotage, and high rates of electricity loss due to the difficulties of repairing ageing infrastructure in territory controlled by the Taliban and other armed groups.

Distributed energy resources have the potential to improve energy security and resilience in the wake of attacks on long-distance transmission networks and crises like Covid-19 that dramatically shift patterns of electricity demand.

Certain forms of distributed energy – like diesel generators – are already in use as a back-up power supply for hospitals, schools and households throughout Afghanistan and much of the developing world.

Students at their graduation ceremony in Kandahar, Afghanistan, 01 July 2019 Muhammad Sadiq / EPA
Students at their graduation ceremony in Kandahar, Afghanistan, 01 July 2019 Muhammad Sadiq / EPA

Despite the myriad threats that energy companies face developing projects in Afghanistan, one local company has revolutionised the commercialisation and deployment of distributed energy systems.

Bayat Power, a Kabul-based oil and gas company, built a modular gas-fired power plant – the country’s first gas power plant in 40 years – and brought it online in the country’s gas-rich northern region in November of last year. Kamal Gawri, chief financial officer of Bayat Power, noted at the Atlantic Council Global Energy Forum this January that power projects in Afghanistan often fail because they are too large, complex and slow to generate revenue. Bayat avoided the fate of other power projects by keeping the project small and pitching the government a five-year rather than a 20-year power purchase agreement (PPA).

Bayat set an example for capitalising on Afghanistan’s variable natural resources. While Jowzjan province proved to be an ideal location for a gas plant, the country’s rich topography presents a high rate of exploitable renewable capacity: about 23,000 megawatts (MW) of hydroelectric in northeastern Afghanistan; 220,000MW of solar in the southern provinces; and 66,700MW of wind in the southwest near the Iranian border. While the country’s costs per kilowatt hour (kWh) are currently above the global average for these technologies, they are expected to drop as new renewable energy projects are implemented.

The Covid-19 pandemic presents an opportunity – if not a critical need – to shift the priorities in building and reforming Afghanistan’s electricity sector. Local, regional and international projects to develop the sector should take note of existing frameworks – such as the rural renewables initiative co-managed by the Ministry of Energy and Water’s Renewable Energy Department and Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation, and the National Solidarity Program’s surprisingly successful rural electrification program – to build out the country’s network of distributed energy resources.

Such efforts are not a cure-all for Afghanistan’s severe electricity woes but could at least marginally improve the ability of Afghan households, hospitals and schools to weather crises ranging from global pandemics to localised violence and extreme weather events.

Emily Burlinghaus is the assistant director of the Atlantic Council’s Global Energy Centre in Washington, DC

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Player Career Award: Ronaldinho

The White Lotus: Season three

Creator: Mike White

Starring: Walton Goggins, Jason Isaacs, Natasha Rothwell

Rating: 4.5/5

Know before you go
  • Jebel Akhdar is a two-hour drive from Muscat airport or a six-hour drive from Dubai. It’s impossible to visit by car unless you have a 4x4. Phone ahead to the hotel to arrange a transfer.
  • If you’re driving, make sure your insurance covers Oman.
  • By air: Budget airlines Air Arabia, Flydubai and SalamAir offer direct routes to Muscat from the UAE.
  • Tourists from the Emirates (UAE nationals not included) must apply for an Omani visa online before arrival at evisa.rop.gov.om. The process typically takes several days.
  • Flash floods are probable due to the terrain and a lack of drainage. Always check the weather before venturing into any canyons or other remote areas and identify a plan of escape that includes high ground, shelter and parking where your car won’t be overtaken by sudden downpours.

 

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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
THE BIO

Favourite car: Koenigsegg Agera RS or Renault Trezor concept car.

Favourite book: I Am Pilgrim by Terry Hayes or Red Notice by Bill Browder.

Biggest inspiration: My husband Nik. He really got me through a lot with his positivity.

Favourite holiday destination: Being at home in Australia, as I travel all over the world for work. It’s great to just hang out with my husband and family.

 

 

Results

Stage 7:

1. Caleb Ewan (AUS) Lotto Soudal - 3:18:29

2. Sam Bennett (IRL) Deceuninck-QuickStep - same time

3. Phil Bauhaus (GER) Bahrain Victorious

4. Michael Morkov (DEN) Deceuninck-QuickStep

5. Cees Bol (NED) Team DSM

General Classification:

1. Tadej Pogacar (SLO) UAE Team Emirates - 24:00:28

2. Adam Yates (GBR) Ineos Grenadiers - 0:00:35

3. Joao Almeida (POR) Deceuninck-QuickStep - 0:01:02

4. Chris Harper (AUS) Jumbo-Visma - 0:01:42

5. Neilson Powless (USA) EF Education-Nippo - 0:01:45

UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Dubai Bling season three

Cast: Loujain Adada, Zeina Khoury, Farhana Bodi, Ebraheem Al Samadi, Mona Kattan, and couples Safa & Fahad Siddiqui and DJ Bliss & Danya Mohammed 

Rating: 1/5

UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
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  • Premier League-standard football pitch
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  • NBA-spec basketball court with auditorium
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  • An elevated football field that doubles as a helipad
  • Specialist robotics and science laboratories
  • AR and VR-enabled learning centres
  • Disruption Lab and Research Centre for developing entrepreneurial skills
Company profile

Name: Thndr

Started: October 2020

Founders: Ahmad Hammouda and Seif Amr

Based: Cairo, Egypt

Sector: FinTech

Initial investment: pre-seed of $800,000

Funding stage: series A; $20 million

Investors: Tiger Global, Beco Capital, Prosus Ventures, Y Combinator, Global Ventures, Abdul Latif Jameel, Endure Capital, 4DX Ventures, Plus VC,  Rabacap and MSA Capital

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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
UK-EU trade at a glance

EU fishing vessels guaranteed access to UK waters for 12 years

Co-operation on security initiatives and procurement of defence products

Youth experience scheme to work, study or volunteer in UK and EU countries

Smoother border management with use of e-gates

Cutting red tape on import and export of food

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The burning issue

The internal combustion engine is facing a watershed moment – major manufacturer Volvo is to stop producing petroleum-powered vehicles by 2021 and countries in Europe, including the UK, have vowed to ban their sale before 2040. The National takes a look at the story of one of the most successful technologies of the last 100 years and how it has impacted life in the UAE. 

Read part four: an affection for classic cars lives on

Read part three: the age of the electric vehicle begins

Read part two: how climate change drove the race for an alternative 

EMIRATES'S%20REVISED%20A350%20DEPLOYMENT%20SCHEDULE
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  • Priority access to new homes from participating developers
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  • Mortgages with better interest rates, faster approval times and reduced fees
  • DLD registration fee can be paid through banks or credit cards at zero interest rates
The story in numbers

18

This is how many recognised sects Lebanon is home to, along with about four million citizens

450,000

More than this many Palestinian refugees are registered with UNRWA in Lebanon, with about 45 per cent of them living in the country’s 12 refugee camps

1.5 million

There are just under 1 million Syrian refugees registered with the UN, although the government puts the figure upwards of 1.5m

73

The percentage of stateless people in Lebanon, who are not of Palestinian origin, born to a Lebanese mother, according to a 2012-2013 study by human rights organisation Frontiers Ruwad Association

18,000

The number of marriages recorded between Lebanese women and foreigners between the years 1995 and 2008, according to a 2009 study backed by the UN Development Programme

77,400

The number of people believed to be affected by the current nationality law, according to the 2009 UN study

4,926

This is how many Lebanese-Palestinian households there were in Lebanon in 2016, according to a census by the Lebanese-Palestinian dialogue committee

War and the virus
Which products are to be taxed?

To be taxed:

Flavoured water, long-life fruit juice concentrates, pre-packaged sweetened coffee drinks fall under the ‘sweetened drink’ category

Not taxed

Freshly squeezed fruit juices, ground coffee beans, tea leaves and pre-prepared flavoured milkshakes do not come under the ‘sweetened drink’ band.

Products excluded from the ‘sweetened drink’ category would contain at least 75 per cent milk in a ready-to-drink form or as a milk substitute, baby formula, follow-up formula or baby food, beverages consumed for medicinal use and special dietary needs determined as per GCC Standardisation Organisation rules

The biog

Alwyn Stephen says much of his success is a result of taking an educated chance on business decisions.

His advice to anyone starting out in business is to have no fear as life is about taking on challenges.

“If you have the ambition and dream of something, follow that dream, be positive, determined and set goals.

"Nothing and no-one can stop you from succeeding with the right work application, and a little bit of luck along the way.”

Mr Stephen sells his luxury fragrances at selected perfumeries around the UAE, including the House of Niche Boutique in Al Seef.

He relaxes by spending time with his family at home, and enjoying his wife’s India cooking. 

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Engine: 4.0-litre flat-six
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Engine: 2.0-litre 4cyl turbo

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Transmission: 8-speed auto

Fuel consumption: 9.1L/100km

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Sustainable Development Goals

1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere

2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all

9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialisation and foster innovation

10. Reduce inequality  within and among countries

11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its effects

14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development

15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels

17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development

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Name: Brendalle Belaza

From: Crossing Rubber, Philippines

Arrived in the UAE: 2007

Favourite place in Abu Dhabi: NYUAD campus

Favourite photography style: Street photography

Favourite book: Harry Potter

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Starring: Rose, Jisoo, Jennie, Lisa

Directors: Min Geun, Oh Yoon-Dong

Rating: 3/5

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