A Syrian refugee man walks on the main market street in Al Zaatari refugee camp in the Jordanian city of Mafraq, near the border with Syria on July 30, 2018. Muhammad Hamed / Reuters
A Syrian refugee man walks on the main market street in Al Zaatari refugee camp in the Jordanian city of Mafraq, near the border with Syria on July 30, 2018. Muhammad Hamed / Reuters
Syrian refugees prepare to return to their homelands of Jarablus, Damascus, Aleppo, A'zaz, Al Bab and Afrin in Syria. Here they are seen loading their belongings onto buses and waiting to depart from Esenyurt Municipality garden in Istanbul, Turkey, on November 9, 2019. Emrah Gurel for The National
Syrian refugees prepare to return to their homelands of Jarablus, Damascus, Aleppo, A'zaz, Al Bab and Afrin in Syria. Here they are seen loading their belongings onto buses and waiting to depart from Esenyurt Municipality garden in Istanbul, Turkey, on November 9, 2019. Emrah Gurel for The National
Syrian refugee students take part in a washing hands activity during an awareness campaign about coronavirus on March 11, 2020. Reuters
Syrian refugee students take part in a washing hands activity during an awareness campaign about coronavirus on March 11, 2020. Reuters
The Zaatari camp in Marfaq, south of the Syrian border, became Jordan’s first official camp for Syrian refugees fleeing violence in their country. In the photo: Aya stands with her neighbours in Zaatari camp in Jordan. She is one of 60,000 children in Zaatari camp. WFP
The Zaatari camp in Marfaq, south of the Syrian border, became Jordan’s first official camp for Syrian refugees fleeing violence in their country. In the photo: Aya stands with her neighbours in Zaatari camp in Jordan. She is one of 60,000 children in Zaatari camp. WFP
Millions of Syrians have been forced to flee their country since the war began in 2011. AFP
Millions of Syrians have been forced to flee their country since the war began in 2011. AFP
Refugee children at a refugee camp in Lebanon watch a magic show in Syria. Courtesy Magic for Smiles
Refugee children at a refugee camp in Lebanon watch a magic show in Syria. Courtesy Magic for Smiles
A boy roller skates at Seven Hills Skate Park in Downtown Amman, Jordan, on September 22, 2020. The Seven Hills is a Jordanian non-profit organisation that uses skateboarding as a tool to encourage social cohesion, youth leadership and gender equality. Andre Pain / EPA
A boy roller skates at Seven Hills Skate Park in Downtown Amman, Jordan, on September 22, 2020. The Seven Hills is a Jordanian non-profit organisation that uses skateboarding as a tool to encourage social cohesion, youth leadership and gender equality. Andre Pain / EPA
Girls enjoy skateboarding at Seven Hills Skate Park in Downtown Amman, Jordan, on September 22, 2020. The Seven Hills is a Jordanian non-profit organisation that uses skateboarding as a tool to encourage social cohesion, youth leadership and gender equality.
Girls enjoy skateboarding at Seven Hills Skate Park in Downtown Amman, Jordan, on September 22, 2020. The Seven Hills is a Jordanian non-profit organisation that uses skateboarding as a tool to encourage social cohesion, youth leadership and gender equality.
The family of Ali Kinno pose for a photograph at a temporary apartment in the coastal town of Jiyeh, south of Beirut, Lebanon, on September 15, 2020. The Kinno family from Syria's Aleppo region was devastated in the wake of the August 4 explosion at the Beirut port, their tragic story reflects the particular pain of Syrian refugee families in Lebanon, which is now home to about a million Syrians. Hassan Ammar / AP
The family of Ali Kinno pose for a photograph at a temporary apartment in the coastal town of Jiyeh, south of Beirut, Lebanon, on September 15, 2020. The Kinno family from Syria's Aleppo region was devastated in the wake of the August 4 explosion at the Beirut port, their tragic story reflects the particular pain of Syrian refugee families in Lebanon, which is now home to about a million Syrians. Hassan Ammar / AP

News

MENA

Mental Health Day: war and Covid-19 strain leave many in Middle East suffering in silence

Charities face a daily challenge of rising demand

Nick Webster
Nick Webster

October 11, 2020

  • English
  • Arabic

Prolonged conflicts and the coronavirus pandemic have left mental-health services in the Middle East in crisis, with Lebanon and Syria worst hit.

Doctors Without Borders said twothirds of people seeking mental health support had symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Two months after a massive explosion ripped through Beirut port, demand has significantly increased.

“Although by now many people have had their physical wounds treated and have secured their basic needs for housing, electricity and water, many still cry at night or are startled by the slightest sound,” said MSF psychologist Sara Tannoury.

More than half those asking for help said the blast on August 4 was responsible for their condition.

What people are going through today is a normal reaction to abnormal events

Of those with existing mental illness, 82 per cent said their symptoms worsened after the blast and resulting political and social unrest.

Symptoms cited by MSF’s patients included panic attacks, insomnia, loss of appetite, forgetfulness, lack of focus, loss of interest and negative thoughts.

Data was taken from 98 patients, of which 17 were children, who required medical attention between August 14 and September 30.

As hospitals that escaped serious damage were rapidly overwhelmed, the wounded were forced to take long journeys to seek medical help, often passing devastating scenes of the blast’s aftermath.

That experience scarred many who are now struggling to come to terms with the aftermath.

A 70-year-old woman who lost sight in both eyes after she was hit by debris from the explosion told medics she wished she had not survived.

“She keeps saying that it should have been her dying in the blast, instead of the young men and women who lost their lives,” Ms Tannoury said.

Damaged cars are pictured in front of billowing smoke behind the grain silos at the port of Beirut. AFP
Damaged cars are pictured in front of billowing smoke behind the grain silos at the port of Beirut. AFP
A drone picture shows smoke from the scene of an explosion at the seaport of Beirut. AP Photo
A drone picture shows smoke from the scene of an explosion at the seaport of Beirut. AP Photo
Lebanon's President Michel Aoun wears a protective face mask as he visits the scene of Tuesday's explosion in Beirut. AFP
Lebanon's President Michel Aoun wears a protective face mask as he visits the scene of Tuesday's explosion in Beirut. AFP
An emergency command vehicle of the Lebanese Red Cross is pictured in the aftermath of yesterday's blast. AFP
An emergency command vehicle of the Lebanese Red Cross is pictured in the aftermath of yesterday's blast. AFP
A man inspects the damage of yesterday's blast. AFP
A man inspects the damage of yesterday's blast. AFP
A survivor is taken out of the rubble after a massive explosion in Beirut. AP Photo
A survivor is taken out of the rubble after a massive explosion in Beirut. AP Photo
A damaged hospital is seen after a massive explosion in Beirut. AP Photo
A damaged hospital is seen after a massive explosion in Beirut. AP Photo
Lebanese soldiers search for survivors after a massive explosion in Beirut.AP Photo
Lebanese soldiers search for survivors after a massive explosion in Beirut.AP Photo
An ambulance drives near the site of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
An ambulance drives near the site of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
Lebanese national flags fly at half-mast outside the presidential palace in Baabda, following Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
Lebanese national flags fly at half-mast outside the presidential palace in Baabda, following Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A woman is evacuated from the partially destroyed Beirut neighbourhood of Mar Mikhael. AFP
A woman is evacuated from the partially destroyed Beirut neighbourhood of Mar Mikhael. AFP
An injured man sits next to a restaurant in the trendy partially destroyed Beirut neighbourhood of Mar Mikhael. AFP
An injured man sits next to a restaurant in the trendy partially destroyed Beirut neighbourhood of Mar Mikhael. AFP
A man walks past damaged building and vehicles near the site of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A man walks past damaged building and vehicles near the site of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A man wearing a protective face mask walks past damaged buildings and vehicles near the site of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A man wearing a protective face mask walks past damaged buildings and vehicles near the site of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A woman sweeps at a damaged hospital following Tuesday's blast, in Beirut. Reuters
A woman sweeps at a damaged hospital following Tuesday's blast, in Beirut. Reuters
A man wearing a face mask moves a gurney at a damaged hospital following Tuesday's blast in Beirut. Reuters
A man wearing a face mask moves a gurney at a damaged hospital following Tuesday's blast in Beirut. Reuters
The wreckage of a ship is seen following yesterday's blast at the port of Lebanon's capital Beirut. AFP
The wreckage of a ship is seen following yesterday's blast at the port of Lebanon's capital Beirut. AFP
A view shows the aftermath at the site of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A view shows the aftermath at the site of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
Lebanese soldiers and people gather outside American University of Beirut medical centre following the explosion in Beirut. Reuters
Lebanese soldiers and people gather outside American University of Beirut medical centre following the explosion in Beirut. Reuters
An injured man sits outside American University of Beirut medical centre following an explosion in Beirut. Reuters
An injured man sits outside American University of Beirut medical centre following an explosion in Beirut. Reuters
The explosion caused damage to Lebanon's PM Hassan Diab's office
The explosion caused damage to Lebanon's PM Hassan Diab's office
The damage at Lebanon's PM Hassan Diab's office following the blast.
The damage at Lebanon's PM Hassan Diab's office following the blast.
Pictures of the damage at Lebanon's PM Hassan Diab's office
Pictures of the damage at Lebanon's PM Hassan Diab's office
People gather outside American University of Beirut medical centre following the explosion in Beirut. Reuters
People gather outside American University of Beirut medical centre following the explosion in Beirut. Reuters
Lebanese soldiers stand outside American University of Beirut medical centre following the explosion in Beirut. Reuters
Lebanese soldiers stand outside American University of Beirut medical centre following the explosion in Beirut. Reuters
Damaged vehicle and buildings near the scene of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
Damaged vehicle and buildings near the scene of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A man walks by an overturned car and destroyed buildings. Getty Images
A man walks by an overturned car and destroyed buildings. Getty Images
A view shows the damaged facade of a building following Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A view shows the damaged facade of a building following Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A view shows the aftermath of yesterday's blast at the port of Beirut. AFP
A view shows the aftermath of yesterday's blast at the port of Beirut. AFP
A man pushes a buggy with a child on Wednesday past a damaged vehicle near the scene of overnight blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
A man pushes a buggy with a child on Wednesday past a damaged vehicle near the scene of overnight blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
In this drone picture, the destroyed silo sits in rubble and debris. AP Photo
In this drone picture, the destroyed silo sits in rubble and debris. AP Photo
People inspect the damage near the scene of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
People inspect the damage near the scene of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
People inspect the scene of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
People inspect the scene of Tuesday's blast in Beirut's port area. Reuters
Shattered glass lies in front of a building following a blast in the Lebanese capital Beirut. AFP
Shattered glass lies in front of a building following a blast in the Lebanese capital Beirut. AFP
Lebanese army troops carry a wounded man evacuated from a ship at Beirut's port. AFP
Lebanese army troops carry a wounded man evacuated from a ship at Beirut's port. AFP
This picture shows damage at Beirut-Rafic Hariri International Airport. Courtesy Lebanese Plane Spotters / Facebook
This picture shows damage at Beirut-Rafic Hariri International Airport. Courtesy Lebanese Plane Spotters / Facebook

“Some children are now bearing responsibilities beyond their age.

“One young boy had to call his father to come and rescue his mother who was trapped under a fallen wall.

“In the past in Beirut, society and communal networks – family, friends, neighbours – would have normally been the first point of informal support for a troubled person.

“Today, these networks are all equally impacted and people are turning to mental-health specialists.

“What people are going through today is a normal reaction to abnormal events.”

To help cover the gaps in mental-health services in Lebanon, MSF is in discussions with the Lebanon National Mental Health Programme – which is part of the Ministry of Public Health – with the aim of integrating its support within their national plan.

It aims to ensure a long-term strategy that meets the increase in needs.

“The blast in itself is a traumatic incident that generates its own short-term acute psychological consequences,” Ms Tannoury said.

Jordan, Zaatari Refugee Camp, June 2013 On 29 July, the Zaatari camp in Marfaq, south of the Syrian border, became Jordan’s first official camp for Syrian refugees fleeing violence in their country. As Jordan continues to receive tens of thousands of Syrians, opening this camp had become necessary to accommodate terrified families. On World Refugee Day, WFP PI Officer Dina El-Kassaby walked around the camp and spoke with refugees about their expectations and hopes for the future. In the photo: Aya stands with her neighbours in Zaatari camp in Jordan. She is one of 60,000 children in Zaatari camp who miss something from home. Aya tells a WFP staffer that her mother promised her she could return home to Syria as soon as possible to collect her teddy bears and bring them back to Jordan where they can sleep with her in her tent in Zaatari camp. Photo: WFP/Dina El-Kassaby
Jordan, Zaatari Refugee Camp, June 2013 On 29 July, the Zaatari camp in Marfaq, south of the Syrian border, became Jordan’s first official camp for Syrian refugees fleeing violence in their country. As Jordan continues to receive tens of thousands of Syrians, opening this camp had become necessary to accommodate terrified families. On World Refugee Day, WFP PI Officer Dina El-Kassaby walked around the camp and spoke with refugees about their expectations and hopes for the future. In the photo: Aya stands with her neighbours in Zaatari camp in Jordan. She is one of 60,000 children in Zaatari camp who miss something from home. Aya tells a WFP staffer that her mother promised her she could return home to Syria as soon as possible to collect her teddy bears and bring them back to Jordan where they can sleep with her in her tent in Zaatari camp. Photo: WFP/Dina El-Kassaby

“But if these are left untreated, these could erode people’s psychological well-being in the long term.

“We need to look at mental health as an integral part of a person’s well-being."

Meanwhile in Syria, years of conflict have severely weakened the health sector to the point of collapse in some regions.

Vital services are either completely unavailable or functioning at only 50 per cent.

A shortage of qualified mental-health professionals, impaired access because of safety and security reasons and the loss of many health services left the most vulnerable with nowhere to turn for support.

Before the civil war broke out in 2011, access to psychological and psychiatric help was already rare.

It is estimated there are only 50 psychiatrists in Syria to service the whole population, after 50 fled the country because of the conflict.

As a result, a significant number of Syrians suffering from mental health conditions remain undiagnosed and untreated, said the International Committee of the Red Cross.

Read More

Since 2018, the ICRC has tried to rebuild capacity in the country to treat a problem only worsening as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Until August, 120 patients benefited from a psychological and mental services programme for patients with physical disabilities in the ICRC Physical Rehabilitation Centre in Aleppo.

Isolation and travel restrictions brought on by the pandemic revived terrifying memories of war for some.

Nazha El Hallaq, a Syrian refugee who works in a hairdressing salon in Aarsal in Lebanon, is among those who suffer flashbacks of conflict.

"When self-isolation started, we found ourselves in the house not being able to move around," she told a Red Cross researcher before World Mental Health Day.

“It reminded me of a time when we were in Syria and we had to stay home because of the shelling and bombing.”

Last year, the ICRC provided specialised mental-health care and psychological and psychosocial support to 23,829 people, including 2,840 children.

It also supported 6,964 professionals or community members through training.

In the ICRC's latest survey, more than half (51 per cent) of respondents said the Covid-19 pandemic had harmed their mental well-being.

Nearly three in four (73 per cent) said front-line health workers and first responders have more need for mental-health support than the average person.

"The Covid-19 health crisis has exacerbated the psychological distress of millions of people already living through conflicts and disasters,” said Robert Mardini, the ICRC's director general.

“Lockdown restrictions, a loss of social interaction, and economic pressures are all impacting people's mental health and access to care.”

BORDERLANDS

Starring: Cate Blanchett, Kevin Hart, Jamie Lee Curtis

Director: Eli Roth

Rating: 0/5

MATCH INFO

Uefa Champions League, last 16, first leg

Ajax v Real Madrid, midnight (Thursday), BeIN Sports

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Zayed Sustainability Prize
On Women's Day
Five healthy carbs and how to eat them

Brown rice: consume an amount that fits in the palm of your hand

Non-starchy vegetables, such as broccoli: consume raw or at low temperatures, and don’t reheat  

Oatmeal: look out for pure whole oat grains or kernels, which are locally grown and packaged; avoid those that have travelled from afar

Fruit: a medium bowl a day and no more, and never fruit juices

Lentils and lentil pasta: soak these well and cook them at a low temperature; refrain from eating highly processed pasta variants

Courtesy Roma Megchiani, functional nutritionist at Dubai’s 77 Veggie Boutique

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Polarised public

31% in UK say BBC is biased to left-wing views

19% in UK say BBC is biased to right-wing views

19% in UK say BBC is not biased at all

Source: YouGov

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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
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Essentials

The flights
Emirates, Etihad and Malaysia Airlines all fly direct from the UAE to Kuala Lumpur and on to Penang from about Dh2,300 return, including taxes. 
 

Where to stay
In Kuala Lumpur, Element is a recently opened, futuristic hotel high up in a Norman Foster-designed skyscraper. Rooms cost from Dh400 per night, including taxes. Hotel Stripes, also in KL, is a great value design hotel, with an infinity rooftop pool. Rooms cost from Dh310, including taxes. 


In Penang, Ren i Tang is a boutique b&b in what was once an ancient Chinese Medicine Hall in the centre of Little India. Rooms cost from Dh220, including taxes.
23 Love Lane in Penang is a luxury boutique heritage hotel in a converted mansion, with private tropical gardens. Rooms cost from Dh400, including taxes. 
In Langkawi, Temple Tree is a unique architectural villa hotel consisting of antique houses from all across Malaysia. Rooms cost from Dh350, including taxes.

Tomorrow 2021
While you're here
While you're here
MATCH INFO

Uefa Champions League semi-final, first leg

Barcelona v Liverpool, Wednesday, 11pm (UAE).

Second leg

Liverpool v Barcelona, Tuesday, May 7, 11pm

Games on BeIN Sports

Section 375

Cast: Akshaye Khanna, Richa Chadha, Meera Chopra & Rahul Bhat

Director: Ajay Bahl

Producers: Kumar Mangat Pathak, Abhishek Pathak & SCIPL

Rating: 3.5/5

While you're here
How has net migration to UK changed?

The figure was broadly flat immediately before the Covid-19 pandemic, standing at 216,000 in the year to June 2018 and 224,000 in the year to June 2019.

It then dropped to an estimated 111,000 in the year to June 2020 when restrictions introduced during the pandemic limited travel and movement.

The total rose to 254,000 in the year to June 2021, followed by steep jumps to 634,000 in the year to June 2022 and 906,000 in the year to June 2023.

The latest available figure of 728,000 for the 12 months to June 2024 suggests levels are starting to decrease.

Comment on Coronavirus
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Terror attacks in Paris, November 13, 2015

- At 9.16pm, three suicide attackers killed one person outside the Atade de France during a foootball match between France and Germany- At 9.25pm, three attackers opened fire on restaurants and cafes over 20 minutes, killing 39 people- Shortly after 9.40pm, three other attackers launched a three-hour raid on the Bataclan, in which 1,500 people had gathered to watch a rock concert. In total, 90 people were killed- Salah Abdeslam, the only survivor of the terrorists, did not directly participate in the attacks, thought to be due to a technical glitch in his suicide vest- He fled to Belgium and was involved in attacks on Brussels in March 2016. He is serving a life sentence in France

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Company info

Company name: Entrupy 

Co-founders: Vidyuth Srinivasan, co-founder/chief executive, Ashlesh Sharma, co-founder/chief technology officer, Lakshmi Subramanian, co-founder/chief scientist

Based: New York, New York

Sector/About: Entrupy is a hardware-enabled SaaS company whose mission is to protect businesses, borders and consumers from transactions involving counterfeit goods.  

Initial investment/Investors: Entrupy secured a $2.6m Series A funding round in 2017. The round was led by Tokyo-based Digital Garage and Daiwa Securities Group's jointly established venture arm, DG Lab Fund I Investment Limited Partnership, along with Zach Coelius. 

Total customers: Entrupy’s customers include hundreds of secondary resellers, marketplaces and other retail organisations around the world. They are also testing with shipping companies as well as customs agencies to stop fake items from reaching the market in the first place. 

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  1. Mastery of audio-visual content creation. 
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Key findings of Jenkins report
  • Founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hassan al Banna, "accepted the political utility of violence"
  • Views of key Muslim Brotherhood ideologue, Sayyid Qutb, have “consistently been understood” as permitting “the use of extreme violence in the pursuit of the perfect Islamic society” and “never been institutionally disowned” by the movement.
  • Muslim Brotherhood at all levels has repeatedly defended Hamas attacks against Israel, including the use of suicide bombers and the killing of civilians.
  • Laying out the report in the House of Commons, David Cameron told MPs: "The main findings of the review support the conclusion that membership of, association with, or influence by the Muslim Brotherhood should be considered as a possible indicator of extremism."
CoronavirusMiddle EastMental healthNick Webster fellowship work