British and German troops take part in Nato exercises in Poland. Getty
British and German troops take part in Nato exercises in Poland. Getty
British and German troops take part in Nato exercises in Poland. Getty
British and German troops take part in Nato exercises in Poland. Getty

Who are the countries in Nato?


Simon Rushton
  • English
  • Arabic

The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation is marking its 75th anniversary with a summit in Washington DC where it will welcome its newest member and assess global threats and defence priorities.

Nato was founded early in the Cold War to deter Soviet Union expansion and to prevent the rise of nationalist militarism in Europe.

Twelve founding nations launched Nato in 1949 and its ranks have now swelled to 32 countries (30 from Europe and two from North America). A number of nations, including Ukraine, hope to become members and this year Sweden is attending its first summit as a member.

Nato was a key pillar of western defence throughout the Cold War and has members bordering Russia, including original signatory Norway. Three former Soviet republics – Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia – are now part of the club. Finland joined last year and Sweden is the newest joiner after acceding to alliance membership in March.

Which countries are Nato members?

Nato was born out of the Second World War and many of its founding members reflect the alliance that, with help from the Soviet Union, brought down Nazi Germany.

France, the UK, Italy, Norway and Denmark were among the first European members. The US and Canada, both founding members, are still the only members not in Europe.

During the Cold War, Nato welcomed new members, including West Germany, Spain, Turkey and Greece.

After the Iron Curtain fell a number of eastern European nations joined Nato in 1999, including Poland and Hungary.

Three former Soviet republics – Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia – have since joined.

Nato also has dialogue with global partners in Asia-Pacific and the Middle East, including Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand and the countries of the Istanbul Co-operation Initiative, as well as dialogue with the GCC.

What are the threats?

The military alliance has never been larger but is also facing potentially existential threats from outside and within. The challenges facing Nato include Russia’s war in Nato-aspirant Ukraine, an increasingly China, North Korea and Iran.

Nato also has a geopolitical interest in the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza.

France and Hungary are facing a rise in far-right populism and Nato host President Joe Biden is fighting a fierce election campaign against Donald Trump who has expressed doubts over Nato’s relevance. Nato also faces new threats as the effects of climate change mix with conflicts, extremism and terrorism.

While Russia poses an immediate challenge, China may pose more long-term and global challenges.

Who are the leaders to watch?

At 81, Joe Biden's age has become an issue in the US presidential election and his personal performance will be watched as much as policies and politics.

Ukraine’s Volodymyr Zelenskyy is expected to demand support to help fight Russia push for a quicker path to entering Nato membership.

Keir Starmer, who will be on his first transatlantic trip since becoming Prime Minister, has pledged to carry on the previous administration’s support of Ukraine.

French President Emmanuel Macron has just seen off a far-right election challenge but the vote ended with the French parliament having no majority.

Hungary’s Viktor Orban is a critic of Western military aid to Ukraine and has a warm relationship with Russia and China.

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Friday Valladolid v Osasuna (Kick-off midnight UAE)

Saturday Valencia v Athletic Bilbao (5pm), Getafe v Sevilla (7.15pm), Huesca v Alaves (9.30pm), Real Madrid v Atletico Madrid (midnight)

Sunday Real Sociedad v Eibar (5pm), Real Betis v Villarreal (7.15pm), Elche v Granada (9.30pm), Barcelona v Levante (midnight)

Monday Celta Vigo v Cadiz (midnight)

GAC GS8 Specs

Engine: 2.0-litre 4cyl turbo

Power: 248hp at 5,200rpm

Torque: 400Nm at 1,750-4,000rpm

Transmission: 8-speed auto

Fuel consumption: 9.1L/100km

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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
The years Ramadan fell in May

1987

1954

1921

1888

Red flags
  • Promises of high, fixed or 'guaranteed' returns.
  • Unregulated structured products or complex investments often used to bypass traditional safeguards.
  • Lack of clear information, vague language, no access to audited financials.
  • Overseas companies targeting investors in other jurisdictions - this can make legal recovery difficult.
  • Hard-selling tactics - creating urgency, offering 'exclusive' deals.

Courtesy: Carol Glynn, founder of Conscious Finance Coaching

Business Insights
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Part three: an affection for classic cars lives on

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Read part one: how cars came to the UAE

MATCH INFO

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The five pillars of Islam
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Profile

Name: Carzaty

Founders: Marwan Chaar and Hassan Jaffar

Launched: 2017

Employees: 22

Based: Dubai and Muscat

Sector: Automobile retail

Funding to date: $5.5 million

The five pillars of Islam

1. Fasting

2. Prayer

3. Hajj

4. Shahada

5. Zakat 

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COMPANY%20PROFILE
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Company Fact Box

Company name/date started: Abwaab Technologies / September 2019

Founders: Hamdi Tabbaa, co-founder and CEO. Hussein Alsarabi, co-founder and CTO

Based: Amman, Jordan

Sector: Education Technology

Size (employees/revenue): Total team size: 65. Full-time employees: 25. Revenue undisclosed

Stage: early-stage startup 

Investors: Adam Tech Ventures, Endure Capital, Equitrust, the World Bank-backed Innovative Startups SMEs Fund, a London investment fund, a number of former and current executives from Uber and Netflix, among others.

In-demand jobs and monthly salaries
  • Technology expert in robotics and automation: Dh20,000 to Dh40,000 
  • Energy engineer: Dh25,000 to Dh30,000 
  • Production engineer: Dh30,000 to Dh40,000 
  • Data-driven supply chain management professional: Dh30,000 to Dh50,000 
  • HR leader: Dh40,000 to Dh60,000 
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Pharaoh's curse

British aristocrat Lord Carnarvon, who funded the expedition to find the Tutankhamun tomb, died in a Cairo hotel four months after the crypt was opened.
He had been in poor health for many years after a car crash, and a mosquito bite made worse by a shaving cut led to blood poisoning and pneumonia.
Reports at the time said Lord Carnarvon suffered from “pain as the inflammation affected the nasal passages and eyes”.
Decades later, scientists contended he had died of aspergillosis after inhaling spores of the fungus aspergillus in the tomb, which can lie dormant for months. The fact several others who entered were also found dead withiin a short time led to the myth of the curse.

Important questions to consider

1. Where on the plane does my pet travel?

There are different types of travel available for pets:

  • Manifest cargo
  • Excess luggage in the hold
  • Excess luggage in the cabin

Each option is safe. The feasibility of each option is based on the size and breed of your pet, the airline they are traveling on and country they are travelling to.

 

2. What is the difference between my pet traveling as manifest cargo or as excess luggage?

If traveling as manifest cargo, your pet is traveling in the front hold of the plane and can travel with or without you being on the same plane. The cost of your pets travel is based on volumetric weight, in other words, the size of their travel crate.

If traveling as excess luggage, your pet will be in the rear hold of the plane and must be traveling under the ticket of a human passenger. The cost of your pets travel is based on the actual (combined) weight of your pet in their crate.

 

3. What happens when my pet arrives in the country they are traveling to?

As soon as the flight arrives, your pet will be taken from the plane straight to the airport terminal.

If your pet is traveling as excess luggage, they will taken to the oversized luggage area in the arrival hall. Once you clear passport control, you will be able to collect them at the same time as your normal luggage. As you exit the airport via the ‘something to declare’ customs channel you will be asked to present your pets travel paperwork to the customs official and / or the vet on duty. 

If your pet is traveling as manifest cargo, they will be taken to the Animal Reception Centre. There, their documentation will be reviewed by the staff of the ARC to ensure all is in order. At the same time, relevant customs formalities will be completed by staff based at the arriving airport. 

 

4. How long does the travel paperwork and other travel preparations take?

This depends entirely on the location that your pet is traveling to. Your pet relocation compnay will provide you with an accurate timeline of how long the relevant preparations will take and at what point in the process the various steps must be taken.

In some cases they can get your pet ‘travel ready’ in a few days. In others it can be up to six months or more.

 

5. What vaccinations does my pet need to travel?

Regardless of where your pet is traveling, they will need certain vaccinations. The exact vaccinations they need are entirely dependent on the location they are traveling to. The one vaccination that is mandatory for every country your pet may travel to is a rabies vaccination.

Other vaccinations may also be necessary. These will be advised to you as relevant. In every situation, it is essential to keep your vaccinations current and to not miss a due date, even by one day. To do so could severely hinder your pets travel plans.

Source: Pawsome Pets UAE

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Power: 333hp, 449hp, 680hp

Torque: 480Nm, 670Nm, 870Nm

On sale: Later in 2025 or early 2026, depending on region

Price: Exact regional pricing TBA

The burning issue

The internal combustion engine is facing a watershed moment – major manufacturer Volvo is to stop producing petroleum-powered vehicles by 2021 and countries in Europe, including the UK, have vowed to ban their sale before 2040. The National takes a look at the story of one of the most successful technologies of the last 100 years and how it has impacted life in the UAE. 

Read part four: an affection for classic cars lives on

Read part three: the age of the electric vehicle begins

Read part two: how climate change drove the race for an alternative 

Labour dispute

The insured employee may still file an ILOE claim even if a labour dispute is ongoing post termination, but the insurer may suspend or reject payment, until the courts resolve the dispute, especially if the reason for termination is contested. The outcome of the labour court proceedings can directly affect eligibility.


- Abdullah Ishnaneh, Partner, BSA Law 

War and the virus
Updated: July 10, 2024, 9:53 AM`