Iranian attacks on Iraq, Syria and Pakistan: What we know so far


Robert Tollast
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Iran expanded its ballistic missile barrage across the wider Middle East on Wednesday, striking what it claimed were terrorist-linked targets in Pakistan, after hitting claimed ISIS sites in north-eastern Syria and an alleged Israeli Mossad site in Erbil, capital of the Kurdish region of Iraq.

The Erbil attack killed a prominent businessman and his family.

Iran claimed the strikes were in retaliation for attacks it blamed on Israel and ISIS, while repeating an unsubstantiated claim that the two are linked. The worst of those attacks was a double bombing that killed almost 100 people in Kerman on January 3, which was claimed by ISIS.

The strike on Pakistan on Wednesday, which killed two children and injured four, was aimed at Baloch group Jaish ul Adl, which Iran has accused of taking part in an attack on a police station in the south of the country.

The Iranian strikes destroyed a family home in Iraq and a disused medical centre in Syria, according to Syria's opposition emergency services group the White Helmets, raising questions as to what Tehran was trying to achieve.

Tensions in the region are high amid an escalation in hostilities between a US-led international coalition and a host of Iranian proxy groups and allies, including Yemen's Houthis, Iraqi militias, Lebanon's Hezbollah and several Palestinian militant groups engaged in war with Israel.

What remains unclear is the reason for Iran's strike that destroyed the Erbil home of Kurdish businessman Peshraw Dizayee, who has been linked to the leading party in the Kurdish region of Iraq, the Kurdish Democratic Party.

The KDP has had a difficult relationship with Iran-backed groups in Baghdad, with ties between Baghdad and Erbil often coming close to breaking point over the Kurdish region’s independent exports of oil, which have now been halted by the federal government.

The Erbil home of an Iraqi Kurdish businessman was destroyed by an Iranian strike this week. Reuters
The Erbil home of an Iraqi Kurdish businessman was destroyed by an Iranian strike this week. Reuters

“There's no genuine military justification for the strikes, so they were designed to send a message, it's sabre rattling,” said Norman Ricklefs, who runs the Iraq-focused Namea consultancy.

“Moreover, the strikes were carefully targeted in the expectation that they would not cause a direct military response from the US,” he said.

“But the strikes have also caused great anger in Iraq, which I don't think the Iranians expected before they launched.” Aurora Intel, a team of security analysts focused on the Middle East, told The National over email the Iranian attacks are a "message," while dismissing Iran's claims of a Mossad-KDP connection.

Mossad claims

Iran claimed Mr Dizayee’s house was a Mossad office, but his business empire has no apparent link to Israel, although his company's website says it is involved in oil services, a crowded sector in the Kurdish region of Iraq.

The region previously exported oil to Israel, but has not done so since early last year, the Washington Institute for Near East Policy think tank has said.

The Erbil strike was similar to a 2022 Iranian missile attack on the residence of Baz Karim Barzanji, another Kurdish businessman linked to the KDP, in which a civilian was killed. Missiles were also fired at the US consulate, which was under construction at the time.

I suspect that it is unlikely that Patriot, let alone THAAD, could be deployed in response to KDP requests at this time
Justin Bronk,
air power specialist, RUSI

Iran initially blamed the US and Israel for the January 3 bombings, and Mr Dizayee’s home was several kilometres from the US consulate.

Iran has provided no evidence that the Kurdish region is used as a base by Mossad, but Foreign Minister Hossein Amirabdollahian doubled down on the claim at the Davos forum on Wednesday.

As well as drawing an angry response from Iraq, the attacks have led Kurdish officials to repeat requests for US anti-air defences, such as Patriot missile systems, which have a track record of successfully shooting down ballistic missiles.

The Kurds could be waiting for some time, said Justin Bronk, a defence analyst at the UK-based Royal United Services Institute think tank, as US anti-air defence systems are in high demand globally.

“I suspect that it is unlikely that Patriot, let alone THAAD, could be deployed in response to KDP requests at this time due to global demand for the systems, trained crews and interceptor missile ammunition greatly outstripping available supply,” Mr Bronk said.

“The US does not have enough Patriot or THAAD for its own defence needs in the Indo-Pacific, Middle Eastern or European theatres. The Pentagon is already struggling to supply a range of higher-priority demands from allied and partner countries for the systems, especially to maintain Ukrainian Patriot coverage against regular heavy missile attacks by Russia.”

These systems have shot down many Russian ballistic missiles in Ukraine and Iran-made missiles in the Middle East. Russia has claimed some of these missiles can travel in excess of Mach 5, or five times the speed of sound.

Missile capabilities

Iran has been keen to demonstrate its ballistic missile capability with an attack exceeding 1,200km in range.

Brig Gen Amir Ali Hajizadeh, who commands the Aerospace Forces of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, told the IRGC-linked Tasnim news agency that Kheibar Shekan missiles were used in the strikes. Tehran claims these missiles have a range of 1,450km. Images posted by the White Helmets in Syria appeared to show a direct hit on what the group said was a disused medical centre in the north of the country.

The attack, therefore, represents an impressive display of Iranian military technology, and an advance from attacks on US troops in Iraq in 2020, which showed the extreme precision of Iranian short-range ballistic missiles, which scored direct hits on American installations in the west of the country. But the strikes are far from unprecedented.

Most of Iran’s ballistic missiles have evolved from Soviet-era Scud missiles, one of which successfully hit a US Army barracks in Saudi Arabia in 1991, killing 27 soldiers.

But Iran's demonstration that it can hit so many targets in 48 hours will be concerning to observers, a real world demonstration of Tehran’s vast missile arsenal, which it has cultivated in the absence of a strong air force.

The attacks on Pakistan hit the home of two men involved in selling Iranian diesel, a Pakistani paramilitary militia commander told The National on Wednesday.

In the long term, while angering Islamabad, the strikes followed a pattern of Iranian attacks on Baloch militants, who have often skirmished with Tehran's troops on the countries' shared border and claimed attacks within Pakistan.

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  • Power: 640hp
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SPECS

Mini John Cooper Works Clubman and Mini John Cooper Works Countryman

Engine: two-litre 4-cylinder turbo

Transmission: nine-speed automatic

Power: 306hp

Torque: 450Nm

Price: JCW Clubman, Dh220,500; JCW Countryman, Dh225,500

Results

2pm: Serve U – Maiden (TB) Dh60,000 (Dirt) 1,400m; Winner: Violent Justice, Pat Dobbs (jockey), Doug Watson (trainer)

2.30pm: Al Shafar Investment – Conditions (TB) Dh100,000 (D) 1,400m; Winner: Desert Wisdom, Bernardo Pinheiro, Ahmed Al Shemaili

3pm: Commercial Bank of Dubai – Handicap (TB) Dh68,000 (D) 1,200m; Winner: Fawaareq, Sam Hitchcott, Doug Watson

3.30pm: Shadwell – Rated Conditions (TB) Dh100,000 (D) 1,600m; Winner: Down On Da Bayou, Xavier Ziani, Salem bin Ghadayer

4pm: Dubai Real Estate Centre – Maiden (TB) Dh60,000 (D) 1,600m; Winner: Rakeez, Patrick Cosgrave, Bhupat Seemar

4.30pm: Al Redha Insurance Brokers – Handicap (TB) Dh78,000 (D) 1,800m; Winner: Capla Crusader, Bernardo Pinheiro, Rashed Bouresly

Volvo ES90 Specs

Engine: Electric single motor (96kW), twin motor (106kW) and twin motor performance (106kW)

Power: 333hp, 449hp, 680hp

Torque: 480Nm, 670Nm, 870Nm

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Key facilities
  • Olympic-size swimming pool with a split bulkhead for multi-use configurations, including water polo and 50m/25m training lanes
  • Premier League-standard football pitch
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Benefits of first-time home buyers' scheme
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6.15pm Deccan Gladiators v Pune Devils

8.30pm Delhi Bulls v Bangla Tigers

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AT4 Ultimate, as tested

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While you're here

Sui Dhaaga: Made in India

Director: Sharat Katariya

Starring: Varun Dhawan, Anushka Sharma, Raghubir Yadav

3.5/5

Notable cricketers and political careers
  • India: Kirti Azad, Navjot Sidhu and Gautam Gambhir (rumoured)
  • Pakistan: Imran Khan and Shahid Afridi (rumoured)
  • Sri Lanka: Arjuna Ranatunga, Sanath Jayasuriya, Tillakaratne Dilshan (rumoured)
  • Bangladesh (Mashrafe Mortaza)
if you go

The flights

Air Astana flies direct from Dubai to Almaty from Dh2,440 per person return, and to Astana (via Almaty) from Dh2,930 return, both including taxes. 

The hotels

Rooms at the Ritz-Carlton Almaty cost from Dh1,944 per night including taxes; and in Astana the new Ritz-Carlton Astana (www.marriott) costs from Dh1,325; alternatively, the new St Regis Astana costs from Dh1,458 per night including taxes. 

When to visit

March-May and September-November

Visas

Citizens of many countries, including the UAE do not need a visa to enter Kazakhstan for up to 30 days. Contact the nearest Kazakhstan embassy or consulate.

Ferrari 12Cilindri specs

Engine: naturally aspirated 6.5-liter V12

Power: 819hp

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Babumoshai Bandookbaaz

Director: Kushan Nandy

Starring: Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Bidita Bag, Jatin Goswami

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Ziina users can donate to relief efforts in Beirut

Ziina users will be able to use the app to help relief efforts in Beirut, which has been left reeling after an August blast caused an estimated $15 billion in damage and left thousands homeless. Ziina has partnered with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to raise money for the Lebanese capital, co-founder Faisal Toukan says. “As of October 1, the UNHCR has the first certified badge on Ziina and is automatically part of user's top friends' list during this campaign. Users can now donate any amount to the Beirut relief with two clicks. The money raised will go towards rebuilding houses for the families that were impacted by the explosion.”

How to wear a kandura

Dos

  • Wear the right fabric for the right season and occasion 
  • Always ask for the dress code if you don’t know
  • Wear a white kandura, white ghutra / shemagh (headwear) and black shoes for work 
  • Wear 100 per cent cotton under the kandura as most fabrics are polyester

Don’ts 

  • Wear hamdania for work, always wear a ghutra and agal 
  • Buy a kandura only based on how it feels; ask questions about the fabric and understand what you are buying
COMPANY%20PROFILE
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECompany%20name%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Alaan%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%202021%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Dubai%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Parthi%20Duraisamy%20and%20Karun%20Kurien%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ESector%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20FinTech%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%20stage%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20%247%20million%20raised%20in%20total%20%E2%80%94%20%242.5%20million%20in%20a%20seed%20round%20and%20%244.5%20million%20in%20a%20pre-series%20A%20round%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3E%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Key figures in the life of the fort

Sheikh Dhiyab bin Isa (ruled 1761-1793) Built Qasr Al Hosn as a watchtower to guard over the only freshwater well on Abu Dhabi island.

Sheikh Shakhbut bin Dhiyab (ruled 1793-1816) Expanded the tower into a small fort and transferred his ruling place of residence from Liwa Oasis to the fort on the island.

Sheikh Tahnoon bin Shakhbut (ruled 1818-1833) Expanded Qasr Al Hosn further as Abu Dhabi grew from a small village of palm huts to a town of more than 5,000 inhabitants.

Sheikh Khalifa bin Shakhbut (ruled 1833-1845) Repaired and fortified the fort.

Sheikh Saeed bin Tahnoon (ruled 1845-1855) Turned Qasr Al Hosn into a strong two-storied structure.

Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa (ruled 1855-1909) Expanded Qasr Al Hosn further to reflect the emirate's increasing prominence.

Sheikh Shakhbut bin Sultan (ruled 1928-1966) Renovated and enlarged Qasr Al Hosn, adding a decorative arch and two new villas.

Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan (ruled 1966-2004) Moved the royal residence to Al Manhal palace and kept his diwan at Qasr Al Hosn.

Sources: Jayanti Maitra, www.adach.ae

The team

Videographer: Jear Velasquez 

Photography: Romeo Perez 

Fashion director: Sarah Maisey 

Make-up: Gulum Erzincan at Art Factory 

Models: Meti and Clinton at MMG 

Video assistant: Zanong Maget 

Social media: Fatima Al Mahmoud  

Tips for taking the metro

- set out well ahead of time

- make sure you have at least Dh15 on you Nol card, as there could be big queues for top-up machines

- enter the right cabin. The train may be too busy to move between carriages once you're on

- don't carry too much luggage and tuck it under a seat to make room for fellow passengers

One in nine do not have enough to eat

Created in 1961, the World Food Programme is pledged to fight hunger worldwide as well as providing emergency food assistance in a crisis.

One of the organisation’s goals is the Zero Hunger Pledge, adopted by the international community in 2015 as one of the 17 Sustainable Goals for Sustainable Development, to end world hunger by 2030.

The WFP, a branch of the United Nations, is funded by voluntary donations from governments, businesses and private donations.

Almost two thirds of its operations currently take place in conflict zones, where it is calculated that people are more than three times likely to suffer from malnutrition than in peaceful countries.

It is currently estimated that one in nine people globally do not have enough to eat.

On any one day, the WFP estimates that it has 5,000 lorries, 20 ships and 70 aircraft on the move.

Outside emergencies, the WFP provides school meals to up to 25 million children in 63 countries, while working with communities to improve nutrition. Where possible, it buys supplies from developing countries to cut down transport cost and boost local economies.

 

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Aayan%E2%80%99s%20records
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EYoungest%20UAE%20men%E2%80%99s%20cricketer%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3Cbr%3EWhen%20he%20debuted%20against%20Bangladesh%20aged%2016%20years%20and%20314%20days%2C%20he%20became%20the%20youngest%20ever%20to%20play%20for%20the%20men%E2%80%99s%20senior%20team.%20He%20broke%20the%20record%20set%20by%20his%20World%20Cup%20squad-mate%2C%20Alishan%20Sharafu%2C%20of%2017%20years%20and%2044%20days.%3Cbr%3E%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EYoungest%20wicket-taker%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3Cbr%3EAfter%20taking%20the%20wicket%20of%20Bangladesh%E2%80%99s%20Litton%20Das%20on%20debut%20in%20Dubai%2C%20Aayan%20became%20the%20youngest%20male%20cricketer%20to%20take%20a%20wicket%20against%20a%20Full%20Member%20nation%20in%20a%20T20%20international.%3Cbr%3E%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EYoungest%20in%20T20%20World%20Cup%20history%3F%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3Cbr%3EAayan%20does%20not%20turn%2017%20until%20November%2015%20%E2%80%93%20which%20is%20two%20days%20after%20the%20T20%20World%20Cup%20final%20at%20the%20MCG.%20If%20he%20does%20play%20in%20the%20competition%2C%20he%20will%20be%20its%20youngest%20ever%20player.%20Pakistan%E2%80%99s%20Mohammed%20Amir%2C%20who%20was%2017%20years%20and%2055%20days%20when%20he%20played%20in%202009%2C%20currently%20holds%20the%20record.%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Updated: January 18, 2024, 4:34 PM`