A demonstrator holds up sign in Suweida's main square during protests against Syrian President Bashar Al Assad's government. Photo: Suhail Thubian
A demonstrator holds up sign in Suweida's main square during protests against Syrian President Bashar Al Assad's government. Photo: Suhail Thubian
A demonstrator holds up sign in Suweida's main square during protests against Syrian President Bashar Al Assad's government. Photo: Suhail Thubian
A demonstrator holds up sign in Suweida's main square during protests against Syrian President Bashar Al Assad's government. Photo: Suhail Thubian

Syria's Druze protest movement poses quandary for Al Assad


Khaled Yacoub Oweis
  • English
  • Arabic

Syrian sculptor Suhail Thubian rides a minibus line daily to the main square of his home city of Suweida and helps demonstrators draw posters for protests against President Bashar Al Assad.

One poster he designed, showing an AK-47 split in half by a flower, has become a symbol of the local protest movement, which will be one month old on Sunday.

“It is an expression against militarisation and bloodshed,” the former political prisoner told The National by phone.

He is one of a few veterans in the hirak, or political action, as the protests in the largely Druze area have become known.

The protests include older members of the Druze community as well as youths. Photo: Suhail Thubian
The protests include older members of the Druze community as well as youths. Photo: Suhail Thubian

With military fortifications and bases for pro-Iranian militias dotting the area, the lack of a response from the regime and its allies to the demonstrations has made Suweida a political anomaly amid the lingering civil war.

The war started in late 2011, after the authorities violently suppressed demonstrations against the regime.

At the core of the demonstrations, and the ensuing militarisation of the revolt, were members of the Sunni majority, marginalised politically since Alawite military officers took power in Syria in 1963.

The system has since been underpinned by the security services and an alliance between the President and minorities such as the Druze, Christians and Ismailis, along with well-to-do Sunnis in the urban centres and Sunni tribes on the fringes.

In 2010, the last year before the Syrian revolt, Druze made up 3 per cent of the country's 22 million people. The sect, concentrated in Suweida and in the Damascus suburb of Jaramana, is among the most educated social strata in Syria and one of the most secular.

They are also a transnational minority, with a presence in Lebanon, Jordan and Israel, where they comprise a small but significant component of the military.

When the 2011 revolt broke out, the community remained largely on the sidelines, with young Druze mostly refusing conscription in the Syrian military.

The formation of anti-Assad militias in the province also preserved a balance between pro and anti-regime groups in the area, which borders Jordan.

But last month, shortly after a sharp rise in fuel prices, demonstrations broke out across Suweida.

The main demands have centred on the implementation of UN resolutions for a political transition in Syria, the end of arbitrary arrests and forced disappearances, the withdrawal of pro-Iranian militias and the elimination of drug trafficking.

The latter is widely seen as being supervised by the ruling elite and its militia allies.

The protest movement has attracted a younger generation hit badly by the economic collapse over the past decade and an older generation of dissidents, represented by Mr Thubian.

He acknowledges that the street movement has not matured politically and is lacking organised leadership – but that does not matter for now.

“The main issue is that the voice of the people is becoming louder and a sense of solidarity in Suweida is growing,” he said.

Regime calculations

Unlike the Sunni-led demonstrations in 2011, the secular nature of the movement in Suweida has made it difficult for the authorities to label the protesters as religious fanatics.

The demonstrations broke out as the President was seen to have gained politically from Arab normalisation with Damascus.

But press reports of massive investment in Syria from across the region have yet to materialise, while the economy in areas under government control continues to worsen.

The Syrian pound, which has plummeted in value, collapsed further. Syrians have watched the value of their wages all but evaporate amid rampant inflation, and there are fears of worsening hunger.

Fawaz Tello, an independent Syrian opposition figure, said that a dim outlook for the economy seems to have convinced the Druze as a community that their lot cannot improve without the departure of Mr Al Assad.

Mr Tello said the community's status as a close-knit minority, and a strong transborder bond with the Druze in the rest of the Levant, would continue to protect them from direct repression by the authorities in Damascus.

“The regime could resort to assassinations and blame it on ISIS. It could also try to dismiss the Druze as separatists and hope that the demonstrations will eventually lose steam,” he said.

But Mr Tello does not see the stand-off ending soon.

“I think, however, they [the protesters] are aware of all these scenarios,” he said,

Rainbow

Kesha

(Kemosabe)

Tearful appearance

Chancellor Rachel Reeves set markets on edge as she appeared visibly distraught in parliament on Wednesday. 

Legislative setbacks for the government have blown a new hole in the budgetary calculations at a time when the deficit is stubbornly large and the economy is struggling to grow. 

She appeared with Keir Starmer on Thursday and the pair embraced, but he had failed to give her his backing as she cried a day earlier.

A spokesman said her upset demeanour was due to a personal matter.

While you're here
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
ELIO

Starring: Yonas Kibreab, Zoe Saldana, Brad Garrett

Directors: Madeline Sharafian, Domee Shi, Adrian Molina

Rating: 4/5

GULF MEN'S LEAGUE

Pool A Dubai Hurricanes, Bahrain, Dubai Exiles, Dubai Tigers 2

Pool B Abu Dhabi Harlequins, Jebel Ali Dragons, Dubai Knights Eagles, Dubai Tigers

 

Opening fixtures

Thursday, December 5

6.40pm, Pitch 8, Abu Dhabi Harlequins v Dubai Knights Eagles

7pm, Pitch 2, Jebel Ali Dragons v Dubai Tigers

7pm, Pitch 4, Dubai Hurricanes v Dubai Exiles

7pm, Pitch 5, Bahrain v Dubai Eagles 2

 

Recent winners

2018 Dubai Hurricanes

2017 Dubai Exiles

2016 Abu Dhabi Harlequins

2015 Abu Dhabi Harlequins

2014 Abu Dhabi Harlequins

The National Archives, Abu Dhabi

Founded over 50 years ago, the National Archives collects valuable historical material relating to the UAE, and is the oldest and richest archive relating to the Arabian Gulf.

Much of the material can be viewed on line at the Arabian Gulf Digital Archive - https://www.agda.ae/en

The specs
  • Engine: 3.9-litre twin-turbo V8
  • Power: 640hp
  • Torque: 760nm
  • On sale: 2026
  • Price: Not announced yet
The specs
 
Engine: 3.0-litre six-cylinder turbo
Power: 398hp from 5,250rpm
Torque: 580Nm at 1,900-4,800rpm
Transmission: Eight-speed auto
Fuel economy, combined: 6.5L/100km
On sale: December
Price: From Dh330,000 (estimate)
UK-EU trade at a glance

EU fishing vessels guaranteed access to UK waters for 12 years

Co-operation on security initiatives and procurement of defence products

Youth experience scheme to work, study or volunteer in UK and EU countries

Smoother border management with use of e-gates

Cutting red tape on import and export of food

Abu Dhabi Grand Slam Jiu-Jitsu World Tour Calendar 2018/19

July 29: OTA Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan

Sep 22-23: LA Convention Centre in Los Angeles, US

Nov 16-18: Carioca Arena Centre in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Feb 7-9: Mubadala Arena in Abu Dhabi, UAE

Mar 9-10: Copper Box Arena in London, UK

What are the main cyber security threats?

Cyber crime - This includes fraud, impersonation, scams and deepfake technology, tactics that are increasingly targeting infrastructure and exploiting human vulnerabilities.
Cyber terrorism - Social media platforms are used to spread radical ideologies, misinformation and disinformation, often with the aim of disrupting critical infrastructure such as power grids.
Cyber warfare - Shaped by geopolitical tension, hostile actors seek to infiltrate and compromise national infrastructure, using one country’s systems as a springboard to launch attacks on others.

Cheeseburger%20ingredients
%3Cp%3EPrice%20for%20a%20single%20burger%20%C2%A30.44%3Cbr%3EPrice%20for%20a%20single%20bun%20%C2%A30.17%3Cbr%3EPrice%20for%20a%20single%20cheese%20slice%20%C2%A30.04%3Cbr%3EPrice%20for%2010g%20Gherkins%20is%20less%20than%20%C2%A30.01%3Cbr%3EPrice%20for%2010g%20ketchup%20is%20less%20than%20%C2%A30.01%20%3Cbr%3EPrice%20for%2010g%20mustard%20is%20less%20than%20%C2%A30.01%3Cbr%3EPrice%20for%2010g%20onions%20is%20less%20than%20%C2%A30.01%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3ETotal%2068p%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3ECredit%3A%20Meal%20Delivery%20Experts%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Updated: September 15, 2023, 5:50 AM`