The Boynuyogun camp in Hatay province houses 8,500 of approximately 3.6 million Syrian refugees living in Turkey. Getty Images
The Boynuyogun camp in Hatay province houses 8,500 of approximately 3.6 million Syrian refugees living in Turkey. Getty Images
The Boynuyogun camp in Hatay province houses 8,500 of approximately 3.6 million Syrian refugees living in Turkey. Getty Images
The Boynuyogun camp in Hatay province houses 8,500 of approximately 3.6 million Syrian refugees living in Turkey. Getty Images

Syrian refugees in Turkey face increasingly uncertain future


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  • Arabic

Turkey’s status as host to the world’s largest refugee population was once a badge of pride — a display of compassion for those fleeing war and poverty across the border in Syria, as well as a way of underlining the West’s ambivalent response to refugee crises.

But for a long time the welcome once extended to their southern neighbours has been wearing thin.

With elections on the horizon and anti-migrant political rhetoric on the rise, many of the 3.7 million Syrians living in Turkey — by far the largest group among the country’s 4 million-strong refugee population — see an increasingly uncertain future in the land they have made home over the last decade.

“I don’t know how much longer we will be able to stay here,” said Hassan Khalaf, a 39-year-old Syrian working at a cafe in Istanbul’s Kucukcekmece district. “Every day our problems seem to grow and life becomes more difficult.”

Mr Khalaf, a father of two who came to Turkey nine years ago, described a growing antipathy among Turks towards Syrians, as well as stricter restrictions on those living in Istanbul.

“People often make comments to me about how I should go back to Syria. They ask why we are taking jobs from Turks or using their public services like hospitals,” he said.

“I know people who’ve been stopped in the street [in Istanbul] by police and put on buses to other parts of Turkey. Of course, we’ve all heard about others who have been forced to return to Syria against their will.”

Syrians live in Turkey under the status of “temporary protection” and are allocated a province in which to live. Travel outside their province is highly regulated but many still move to cities such as Istanbul for work.

But those job opportunities are becoming increasingly scarce as Turkey faces its worst economic crisis in 20 years, with inflation exceeding 80 per cent and unemployment passing 22 per cent last month.

Syrian refugees working as day labourers at a textile workshop in Istanbul in 2019. They are finding jobs harder to find amid rising anti-refugee sentiment and an economic crisis in Turkey. Reuters
Syrian refugees working as day labourers at a textile workshop in Istanbul in 2019. They are finding jobs harder to find amid rising anti-refugee sentiment and an economic crisis in Turkey. Reuters

“I used to work as a cleaner but now I can’t find anything,” said Fatma, 47, who declined to give her surname. “People prefer not to hire Syrians now but also there are less jobs because people cannot afford to give work to someone to clean their home.”

Turkey’s opposition parties have long called for the repatriation of Syrians to areas under the control of the Turkish military.

Meral Aksener, who leads the nationalist Iyi Party that is the second-largest in the four-party opposition bloc, earlier this month vowed to eject all Syrian refugees by 2026, saying Turkey had become an “immigrant warehouse” and a “near garbage dump” for Europe.

But it is a former Iyi Party executive, Umit Ozdag, who has truly weaponised anti-migrant sentiment. In the space of a year, support for his newly formed Zafer Party has risen to 2.2 per cent.

Syrians in Idlib join 'peace convoy' to seek asylum in Europe — in pictures

The rising anti-refugee rhetoric has had tragic consequences for Syrians, according to migrant support groups.

Earlier this month a 17-year-old Syrian was stabbed to death in the southern city of Antakya after a workplace disagreement.

“All parties, especially the opposition parties, are talking about returning to Syria under the current [Syrian] government,” said Metin Corabatir, president of the Research Centre on Asylum and Migration in Ankara.

“It makes electoral profit, as Umit Ozdag’s rise in the polls shows. This has a very traumatic impact on refugees. Threatening to send them back to a risky country of origin also leads to physical threats and harassment, even killings. You can see the impact at all levels of society.”

With elections due within 10 months, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, whose poll ratings have dropped as the economy has worsened, has moved closer to the opposition’s position.

In May he announced plans to build 200,000 homes in Syria for 1 million returnees. Some 500,000 had already returned to areas close to the Turkish border, Mr Erdogan said, adding that 20,000 Syrians had been deported for breaching residency rules.

Further alarming those who fled President Bashar Al Assad’s regime, Mr Erdogan last month indicated a softening of Ankara’s stance towards the Syrian government.

“Political dialogue and diplomacy cannot be cut off between states,” he said about the administration he cut ties with in 2011. Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu had earlier revealed talks with his Syrian counterpart.

Plans for returning Syrians, however, could contravene international law against “refoulement”. The United Nations’ refugee agency said return to Syria is prevented by continuing human rights abuses, insecurity, disruption of essential services and internal displacement.

“Only a political solution would allow many people to go back to their homes in their country, which is the best solution for any refugee situation,” spokeswoman Selin Unal said.

Amid rising xenophobia in Turkey — a March survey by MetroPoll found 82 per cent of voters wanted refugees to leave — many migrants are looking for alternatives.

Last week it emerged that refugees were organising a “Caravan of Light” to head for Europe. However, the planned exodus showed no sign of materialising, perhaps due to the violent reaction of Greek security forces when thousands headed to the border in early 2020.

However, according to Mr Corabatir, the initiative showed “there is real frustration in Turkey and a desire to go to the West.”

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From Europe to the Middle East, economic success brings wealth - and lifestyle diseases

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One in five deaths around the world is now caused by bad diet, with obesity the fastest growing global risk. A high body mass index is also the top cause of metabolic diseases relating to death and disability in Kuwait,  Qatar and Oman – and second on the list in Bahrain.

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The UK is expected to spend $421.4 billion on healthcare by 2040, up from $239.3 billion in 2014.

And development assistance for health is talking about the financial aid given to governments to support social, environmental development of developing countries.

 

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Stage Two:

1. Mark Cavendish (GBR) QuickStep-AlphaVinyl 04:20:45

2. Jasper Philipsen (BEL) Alpecin-Fenix

3. Pascal Ackermann (GER) UAE Team Emirates

4. Olav Kooij (NED) Jumbo-Visma

5. Arnaud Demare (FRA) Groupama-FDJ

General Classification:

1. Jasper Philipsen (BEL) Alpecin-Fenix 09:03:03

2. Dmitry Strakhov (RUS) Gazprom-Rusvelo 00:00:04

3. Mark Cavendish (GBR) QuickStep-AlphaVinyl 00:00:06

4. Sam Bennett (IRL) Bora-Hansgrohe 00:00:10

5. Pascal Ackermann (GER) UAE Team Emirates 00:00:12

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%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECompany%20name%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Mozn%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%202017%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Mohammed%20Alhussein%2C%20Khaled%20Al%20Ghoneim%2C%20Abdullah%20Alsaeed%20and%20Malik%20Alyousef%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Riyadh%2C%20Saudi%20Arabia%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EIndustry%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20FinTech%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EFunding%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20%2410%20million%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Raed%20Ventures%2C%20Shorooq%20Partners%2C%20VentureSouq%2C%20Sukna%20Ventures%20and%20others%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
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Women:
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62kg – Gabrielle McComb
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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Ovo's tips to find extra heat
  • Open your curtains when it’s sunny 
  • Keep your oven open after cooking  
  • Have a cuddle with pets and loved ones to help stay cosy 
  • Eat ginger but avoid chilli as it makes you sweat 
  • Put on extra layers  
  • Do a few star jumps  
  • Avoid alcohol   
Cinco in numbers

Dh3.7 million

The estimated cost of Victoria Swarovski’s gem-encrusted Michael Cinco wedding gown

46

The number, in kilograms, that Swarovski’s wedding gown weighed.

1,000

The hours it took to create Cinco’s vermillion petal gown, as seen in his atelier [note, is the one he’s playing with in the corner of a room]

50

How many looks Cinco has created in a new collection to celebrate Ballet Philippines’ 50th birthday

3,000

The hours needed to create the butterfly gown worn by Aishwarya Rai to the 2018 Cannes Film Festival.

1.1 million

The number of followers that Michael Cinco’s Instagram account has garnered.

BIGGEST CYBER SECURITY INCIDENTS IN RECENT TIMES

SolarWinds supply chain attack: Came to light in December 2020 but had taken root for several months, compromising major tech companies, governments and its entities

Microsoft Exchange server exploitation: March 2021; attackers used a vulnerability to steal emails

Kaseya attack: July 2021; ransomware hit perpetrated REvil, resulting in severe downtime for more than 1,000 companies

Log4j breach: December 2021; attackers exploited the Java-written code to inflitrate businesses and governments

ELIO

Starring: Yonas Kibreab, Zoe Saldana, Brad Garrett

Directors: Madeline Sharafian, Domee Shi, Adrian Molina

Rating: 4/5

The specs

Engine: 2.0-litre 4-cylinder turbo

Power: 240hp at 5,500rpm

Torque: 390Nm at 3,000rpm

Transmission: eight-speed auto

Price: from Dh122,745

On sale: now

Benefits of first-time home buyers' scheme
  • Priority access to new homes from participating developers
  • Discounts on sales price of off-plan units
  • Flexible payment plans from developers
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COMPANY PROFILE
Name: Kumulus Water
 
Started: 2021
 
Founders: Iheb Triki and Mohamed Ali Abid
 
Based: Tunisia 
 
Sector: Water technology 
 
Number of staff: 22 
 
Investment raised: $4 million 
Updated: September 17, 2022, 3:15 AM`