Fasting is directly linked to bad breath. This is because not eating for extended periods of time impacts the amount of saliva we produce.
"Our saliva plays an important role in protecting our mouth and reducing bacteria growth. During fasting, the saliva flow is reduced and, therefore, we have less protection against bacteria, which can cause bad breath," explains Ciara Hendy, a dental hygienist at Dental Studio in Dubai.
Here are some expert-recommended tips to maintain oral hygiene on fasting days and beyond.
Hydrate, hydrate, hydrate
Hendy stresses the importance of drinking sufficient water during iftar and non-fasting hours. Not only can this keep you hydrated between sunrise and sunset, but it also helps keep bad breath at bay.
Wait 30 to 60 minutes after a meal to brush, giving your saliva a chance to naturally wash away food particles and for your mouth to return to its normal PH level
"Water helps to wash away food particles – another cause of bad breath – and hence avoid halitosis," says Hendy, who recommends drinking up to three litres a day even during Ramadan.
Dr Rumana Abbas Dawasaz, an aesthetic and cosmetic dentist from Zulekha Hospital in Dubai, says that avoiding caffeine, excess salt and other foods that lead to dehydration will hold you in good stead, both when you're fasting and for oral hygiene purposes.
Don’t brush immediately after eating
Swishing water around the mouth right after you eat or drink something, especially foods that can cause your teeth and tongue to stain, is a top tip from Dr Hosam Ali Baeshen, an orthodontist from King Abdulaziz University who works with Align Technology.
Try miswak sticks with soft bristles on either end of the twig to clean the teeth, and sunnah siwaak – tooth stick – without paste throughout the day
Rinsing and gargling is also important because you should never brush your teeth immediately after eating, whether or not you’re fasting.
As Dr Maisa Zobeidi, a dentist at Zulekha Hospital in Sharjah, explains: “It is recommended to wait for 30 to 60 minutes after eating before you brush. The reason is that after we eat, the acid levels in the mouth rise and our teeth are at their weakest state.
“Brushing at this stage can cause considerable damage to the tooth enamel. Waiting will allow the saliva to neutralise the oral environment and help the recovery from acids.”
Zobeidi says that chewing sugar-free gum during this time could help refresh the mouth as it returns to its normal pH level, without causing any damage.
Keep your mouth clean all day
Dawasaz notes that mouth odour mostly emanates from the tongue, so recommends that a tongue scraper be used daily.
While brush and flossing 30-60 minutes after iftar and suhoor can reduce plaque build-up, Hendy says using a tongue scraper, floss and interdental aids even during fasting hours can help keep your mouth clean.
The chemicals associated with garlic, onion and chillies enter the bloodstream, move to the lungs, and are then breathed out
If you want to use a toothbrush during the day, Baeshen recommends doing so “with very little toothpaste applied on the toothbrush. Ensure the mouth is rinsed properly thereafter, so no remnants or taste of the paste is swallowed.”
He adds: "There are also traditional ways of maintaining oral hygiene without the need for toothpaste or even added water. Try using miswak stick, the soft bristles on either end of the twig can be used to clean the teeth. And use the sunnah siwaak – tooth stick – without paste throughout the day."
Foods that cause bad breath
In addition to the effect fasting can have on our breath, certain foods are more prone to causing mouth odour.
Zobeidi says: “Bad breath can be reduced by reducing the consumption of ingredients such as garlic, onions and chillies. The chemicals associated with these foods tend to enter the bloodstream and move to the lungs, and are then breathed out, with their effect lasting for a long time.
If you were getting a treatment for gum disease or cavities before Ramadan, continue to visit the dentist if only after iftar
“Fish also may lead to bad breath. Squeezing a lemon on the fish may help in reducing this.
“Caffeinated beverages are another culprit. These cause the mouth to become dry and so give out an unpleasant odour. The effect of this may be reduced by drinking water after consumption,” says Zobeidi.
Dawasaz recommends breaking your fast with water and dates, and consuming more fruits and vegetables, as well as probiotics such as yoghurt.
“Mouthwash can dry the oral tissue,” she says, “so use it with oral probiotic to form healthy bacteria and maintain oral health.”
Don’t put off visits to the dentist
Dr Tamer Mohsin Abusalah, a general practitioner – dental & HOD at Burjeel Hospital, has observed that many people put off dental treatments during Ramadan. “This can lead to gum disease or make existing conditions, such as cavities, worse,” he says. “Moreover, people eat a lot more sugary food and meat [during Ramadan], so we advise not to put off dental treatments.
Electronic toothbrushes can help with thorough cleaning
“If you are worried a session will affect your fast, consider going to the clinic after sunset; most dental clinics are open until late to accommodate patients after iftar. Importantly, if you were getting treatment for gum disease or cavities before Ramadan, make sure you continue to visit the dentist.”
What your dental routine should look like
Baeshen outlines what an effective oral hygiene routine looks like: “Set and stick to a solid tooth brushing routine,” he says. “Regard flossing your teeth as important as brushing. Use a fluoride toothpaste and a good mouth rinse. Drink plenty of water and only water just before bed. Schedule routine dental check-ups and cleanings.”
Hendy adds: “A person’s oral hygiene routine should consist of twice daily brushing for two to three minutes with a fluoride toothpaste and a soft-medium toothbrush, which should be changed every three months.”
Finally, Dawasaz is a fan of electronic toothbrushes that, she says, help with “thorough cleaning”.
UAE SQUAD
Khalid Essa, Ali Khaseif, Fahad Al Dhanhani, Adel Al Hosani, Bandar Al Ahbabi, Mohammad Barghash, Salem Rashid, Khalifa Al Hammadi, Shaheen Abdulrahman, Hassan Al Mahrami, Walid Abbas, Mahmoud Khamis, Yousef Jaber, Majed Sorour, Majed Hassan, Ali Salmeen, Abdullah Ramadan, Abdullah Al Naqbi, Khalil Al Hammadi, Fabio De Lima, Khalfan Mubarak, Tahnoon Al Zaabi, Ali Saleh, Caio Canedo, Ali Mabkhout, Sebastian Tagliabue, Zayed Al Ameri
Dubai World Cup Carnival card
6.30pm: UAE 1000 Guineas Trial Conditions (TB) US$100,000 (Dirt) 1,400m
7.05pm: Handicap (TB) $135,000 (Turf) 1,000m
7.40pm: Handicap (TB) $175,000 (D) 1,900m
8.15pm: Meydan Challenge Listed Handicap (TB) $175,000 (T) 1,400m
8.50pm: Dubai Stakes Group 3 (TB) $200,000 (D) 1,200m
9.25pm: Dubai Racing Club Classic Listed Handicap (TB) $175,000 (T) 2,410m
The National selections
6.30pm: Final Song
7.05pm: Pocket Dynamo
7.40pm: Dubai Icon
8.15pm: Dubai Legacy
8.50pm: Drafted
9.25pm: Lucius Tiberius
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
The specs
Engine: 4 liquid-cooled permanent magnet synchronous electric motors placed at each wheel
Battery: Rimac 120kWh Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (LiNiMnCoO2) chemistry
Power: 1877bhp
Torque: 2300Nm
Price: Dh7,500,00
On sale: Now
The specs
- Engine: 3.9-litre twin-turbo V8
- Power: 640hp
- Torque: 760nm
- On sale: 2026
- Price: Not announced yet
Nepotism is the name of the game
Salman Khan’s father, Salim Khan, is one of Bollywood’s most legendary screenwriters. Through his partnership with co-writer Javed Akhtar, Salim is credited with having paved the path for the Indian film industry’s blockbuster format in the 1970s. Something his son now rules the roost of. More importantly, the Salim-Javed duo also created the persona of the “angry young man” for Bollywood megastar Amitabh Bachchan in the 1970s, reflecting the angst of the average Indian. In choosing to be the ordinary man’s “hero” as opposed to a thespian in new Bollywood, Salman Khan remains tightly linked to his father’s oeuvre. Thanks dad.
ANATOMY%20OF%20A%20FALL
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EDirector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EJustine%20Triet%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarring%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESandra%20Huller%2C%20Swann%20Arlaud%2C%20Milo%20Machado-Graner%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ERating%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%205%2F5%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
What is a robo-adviser?
Robo-advisers use an online sign-up process to gauge an investor’s risk tolerance by feeding information such as their age, income, saving goals and investment history into an algorithm, which then assigns them an investment portfolio, ranging from more conservative to higher risk ones.
These portfolios are made up of exchange traded funds (ETFs) with exposure to indices such as US and global equities, fixed-income products like bonds, though exposure to real estate, commodity ETFs or gold is also possible.
Investing in ETFs allows robo-advisers to offer fees far lower than traditional investments, such as actively managed mutual funds bought through a bank or broker. Investors can buy ETFs directly via a brokerage, but with robo-advisers they benefit from investment portfolios matched to their risk tolerance as well as being user friendly.
Many robo-advisers charge what are called wrap fees, meaning there are no additional fees such as subscription or withdrawal fees, success fees or fees for rebalancing.
Brief scoreline:
Crystal Palace 2
Milivojevic 76' (pen), Van Aanholt 88'
Huddersfield Town 0
AI traffic lights to ease congestion at seven points to Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Street
The seven points are:
Shakhbout bin Sultan Street
Dhafeer Street
Hadbat Al Ghubainah Street (outbound)
Salama bint Butti Street
Al Dhafra Street
Rabdan Street
Umm Yifina Street exit (inbound)
UAE%20ILT20
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EMarquee%20players%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3Cbr%3EMoeen%20Ali%2C%20Andre%20Russell%2C%20Dawid%20Malan%2C%20Wanindu%20Hasiranga%2C%20Sunil%20Narine%2C%20Evin%20Lewis%2C%20Colin%20Munro%2C%20Fabien%20Allen%2C%20Sam%20Billings%2C%20Tom%20Curran%2C%20Alex%20Hales%2C%20Dushmantha%20Chameera%2C%20Shimron%20Hetmyer%2C%20Akeal%20Hosein%2C%20Chris%20Jordan%2C%20Tom%20Banton%2C%20Sandeep%20Lamichhane%2C%20Chris%20Lynn%2C%20Rovman%20Powell%2C%20Bhanuka%20Rajapaksa%2C%20Mujeeb%20Ul%20Rahman%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EInternational%20players%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3ELahiru%20Kumara%2C%20Seekugge%20Prassanna%2C%20Charith%20Asalanka%2C%20Colin%20Ingram%2C%20Paul%20Stirling%2C%20Kennar%20Lewis%2C%20Ali%20Khan%2C%20Brandon%20Glover%2C%20Ravi%20Rampaul%2C%20Raymon%20Reifer%2C%20Isuru%20Udana%2C%20Blessing%20Muzarabani%2C%20Niroshan%20Dickwella%2C%20Hazaratullah%20Zazai%2C%20Frederick%20Klassen%2C%20Sikandar%20Raja%2C%20George%20Munsey%2C%20Dan%20Lawrence%2C%20Dominic%20Drakes%2C%20Jamie%20Overton%2C%20Liam%20Dawson%2C%20David%20Wiese%2C%20Qais%20Ahmed%2C%20Richard%20Gleeson%2C%20James%20Vince%2C%20Noor%20Ahmed%2C%20Rahmanullah%20Gurbaz%2C%20Navin%20Ul%20Haq%2C%20Sherfane%20Rutherford%2C%20Saqib%20Mahmood%2C%20Ben%20Duckett%2C%20Benny%20Howell%2C%20Ruben%20Trumpelman%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Know before you go
- Jebel Akhdar is a two-hour drive from Muscat airport or a six-hour drive from Dubai. It’s impossible to visit by car unless you have a 4x4. Phone ahead to the hotel to arrange a transfer.
- If you’re driving, make sure your insurance covers Oman.
- By air: Budget airlines Air Arabia, Flydubai and SalamAir offer direct routes to Muscat from the UAE.
- Tourists from the Emirates (UAE nationals not included) must apply for an Omani visa online before arrival at evisa.rop.gov.om. The process typically takes several days.
- Flash floods are probable due to the terrain and a lack of drainage. Always check the weather before venturing into any canyons or other remote areas and identify a plan of escape that includes high ground, shelter and parking where your car won’t be overtaken by sudden downpours.
Surianah's top five jazz artists
Billie Holliday: for the burn and also the way she told stories.
Thelonius Monk: for his earnestness.
Duke Ellington: for his edge and spirituality.
Louis Armstrong: his legacy is undeniable. He is considered as one of the most revolutionary and influential musicians.
Terence Blanchard: very political - a lot of jazz musicians are making protest music right now.
Our legal columnist
Name: Yousef Al Bahar
Advocate at Al Bahar & Associate Advocates and Legal Consultants, established in 1994
Education: Mr Al Bahar was born in 1979 and graduated in 2008 from the Judicial Institute. He took after his father, who was one of the first Emirati lawyers
World record transfers
1. Kylian Mbappe - to Real Madrid in 2017/18 - €180 million (Dh770.4m - if a deal goes through)
2. Paul Pogba - to Manchester United in 2016/17 - €105m
3. Gareth Bale - to Real Madrid in 2013/14 - €101m
4. Cristiano Ronaldo - to Real Madrid in 2009/10 - €94m
5. Gonzalo Higuain - to Juventus in 2016/17 - €90m
6. Neymar - to Barcelona in 2013/14 - €88.2m
7. Romelu Lukaku - to Manchester United in 2017/18 - €84.7m
8. Luis Suarez - to Barcelona in 2014/15 - €81.72m
9. Angel di Maria - to Manchester United in 2014/15 - €75m
10. James Rodriguez - to Real Madrid in 2014/15 - €75m
FA Cup semi-finals
Saturday: Manchester United v Tottenham Hotspur, 8.15pm (UAE)
Sunday: Chelsea v Southampton, 6pm (UAE)
Matches on Bein Sports
War 2
Director: Ayan Mukerji
Stars: Hrithik Roshan, NTR, Kiara Advani, Ashutosh Rana
Rating: 2/5
The specs: 2017 Ford F-150 Raptor
Price, base / as tested Dh220,000 / Dh320,000
Engine 3.5L V6
Transmission 10-speed automatic
Power 421hp @ 6,000rpm
Torque 678Nm @ 3,750rpm
Fuel economy, combined 14.1L / 100km
Turkish Ladies
Various artists, Sony Music Turkey
If you go...
Etihad Airways flies from Abu Dhabi to Kuala Lumpur, from about Dh3,600. Air Asia currently flies from Kuala Lumpur to Terengganu, with Berjaya Hotels & Resorts planning to launch direct chartered flights to Redang Island in the near future. Rooms at The Taaras Beach and Spa Resort start from 680RM (Dh597).
Banned items
Dubai Police has also issued a list of banned items at the ground on Sunday. These include:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Political flags or banners
-
Bikes, skateboards or scooters
Emergency phone numbers in the UAE
Estijaba – 8001717 – number to call to request coronavirus testing
Ministry of Health and Prevention – 80011111
Dubai Health Authority – 800342 – The number to book a free video or voice consultation with a doctor or connect to a local health centre
Emirates airline – 600555555
Etihad Airways – 600555666
Ambulance – 998
Knowledge and Human Development Authority – 8005432 ext. 4 for Covid-19 queries
Like a Fading Shadow
Antonio Muñoz Molina
Translated from the Spanish by Camilo A. Ramirez
Tuskar Rock Press (pp. 310)
Tax authority targets shisha levy evasion
The Federal Tax Authority will track shisha imports with electronic markers to protect customers and ensure levies have been paid.
Khalid Ali Al Bustani, director of the tax authority, on Sunday said the move is to "prevent tax evasion and support the authority’s tax collection efforts".
The scheme’s first phase, which came into effect on 1st January, 2019, covers all types of imported and domestically produced and distributed cigarettes. As of May 1, importing any type of cigarettes without the digital marks will be prohibited.
He said the latest phase will see imported and locally produced shisha tobacco tracked by the final quarter of this year.
"The FTA also maintains ongoing communication with concerned companies, to help them adapt their systems to meet our requirements and coordinate between all parties involved," he said.
As with cigarettes, shisha was hit with a 100 per cent tax in October 2017, though manufacturers and cafes absorbed some of the costs to prevent prices doubling.
