When it comes to keeping a household running, domestic workers play a vital role in the UAE.
But the relationship between employer and employee can be complex and delicate. Hours, pay, rights and differing attitudes towards child-rearing are problems that often crop up.
Here, The National reviews some of the most common dilemmas, and ask the experts and authorities for advice on how to best handle these situations as they arise.
Rules around weekly rest days
Legally, domestic workers are entitled to one paid day off a week. They may be employed on their weekly rest day, in which case they “shall have the right to an alternative day or a monetary allowance”, according to the Federal Law on domestic workers 2017.
Gina Dillon, founder of the UAE Helpers and Weads: Women Entrepreneurs Abu Dhabi Facebook groups, says a common source of tension is that nannies often want their weekly day off to be on a set day. However, some employers want them to be flexible.
For example, the helper may be asked to take a day off on Wednesday one week and a day off on Friday the next.
“I do know that the law says they [helpers] are entitled to specific times and specific days, and some employers want that time to be more fluid,” says Dillon. “It's like: ‘Hey, we may want to go out on Friday night, and we may need you,’ when the nanny says: ‘But Friday is my day off’.”
If she has agreed on a specific day off, that’s her right. And, in the event that she doesn’t get that, she can complain to the ministry
Faraz Salat of Al Rowaad advocates and legal consultants
A set day off allows a nanny to organise her life, socialise and see her friends or husband, Dillon explains.
To guarantee they have the same day off work each week, domestic workers must make sure this is specified in their contract at the start of their term of employment, according to Faraz Salat of Al Rowaad advocates and legal consultants.
“If she has agreed on a specific day, that’s her right,” he explains. “And, in the event that she doesn’t get that, she can complain to the ministry.”
A cabinet decision in 2019 on the implementation of the federal law states the weekly rest day should be “subject to fixed times as much as possible from the start of the contract”.
It also says that, unless otherwise agreed, the employer shall not require the worker to carry out assigned duties for more than two rest days in two consecutive weeks.
When contacted by The National, the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation said domestic workers or employers can direct any legal queries to the labour claims and advisory centre on 04 665 9999.
Rules around breaks and rest time
Disputes can also flare up when a nanny's set working times are not honoured, says Carissa Valentim-Du Toit of CloudNineKids, a childcare company in Dubai.
Equally, rows can occur if nannies are failing to carry out their responsibilities or be flexible about changes in schedules, she says.
Breaks and eating times shall not be calculated within the real working hours
Faraz Salat
A domestic worker’s daily rest time cannot be less than 12 hours and must include eight consecutive hours of rest, according to the law.
“Breaks and eating times shall not be calculated within the real working hours,” says Salat. This is outlined in the cabinet decision 2019.
Technically, this means a domestic worker’s day can be divided into 12 hours of work and 12 hours of rest.
However, only eight hours of the 12 hours of rest have to be taken as a continuous stretch.
This means the remaining four hours of rest she is entitled to can be taken during her work shift. For example, for meals, rest and to do her own chores, says Salat.
Providing meals and accommodation
Dillon was inspired to set up the UAE Helpers Facebook group in 2013 to help match domestic workers with responsible employers after she moved to the Emirates from the US and was contacted by her neighbour’s helper, who said she did not have access to food.
“She couldn’t afford food, nobody was feeding her,” Dillon recalls.
Under the law, employers of live-in nannies must “prepare decent accommodation” for domestic workers. They must also “provide the worker’s needs of meals and clothing suitable for the performance of work”, as long as the job is full-time and unless otherwise agreed.
Live-out nannies have their visas sponsored by Tadbeer and therefore the responsibility of accommodation falls on Tadbeer, according to the call centre.
Salat says employers of live-out nannies should be able to prove, via the contractual agreement, that the nanny has agreed to take responsibility for her own accommodation.
Dealing with differences in child-rearing approaches
Discipline is another topic over which nannies and parents may clash.
Sometimes nannies can use treats to ensure the child remains happy and doesn’t cry or throw a tantrum, says Valentim-Du Toit.
“Some parents also allow children to treat nannies poorly by hitting them or throwing items at them.”
Valentim Du-Toit urges parents and nannies to have an open discussion about their approach to child-rearing at the start of the relationship.
“A nanny can carry out her duties efficiently if she has clear instructions regarding the style of care for the child, the daily routine she needs to follow and activities to be done during the day,” she explains.
“It has the same effect for parents and children – it builds trust with the carer, provides a routine to follow and ensures a cohesive household.”
Where can a domestic worker turn if they have an issue?
Domestic workers are recruited by Tadbeer, an agency regulated by the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation, to come and work in the UAE.
Under the law, the recruiter is responsible for telling workers which authorities they can approach if they have a complaint regarding any violation of rights.
To flee from the situation is not the right thing to do
Faraz Salat
It is illegal for an employer to threaten a domestic worker with deportation to prevent her from claiming her rights or salary. If this happens, the helper can seek assistance from the ministry.
One mistake often made by domestic workers during disputes is to leave the employer’s house without telling them.
The employer can then file an “abscondment” complaint, which could have legal consequences for the helper and make it difficult for them to get another job, Salat explains.
“So, to flee from the situation is not the right thing to do.”
Instead, when they are hired, domestic workers should be told they can contact their recruitment office, the ministry or a pro-bono legal firm for advice if they have a dispute.
Salat said many embassies had lists of legal firms willing to provide an initial consultation on a pro-bono basis.
When does a salary need to be paid?
Domestic workers are entitled to receive their wages, as set out in the standard contract, within 10 days of the due date, according to the law.
Damage to property
If a helper damages any property in the house, the employer cannot simply deduct the cost from their salary, but must inform the ministry in real time, says Salat.
The ministry will then assess whether the damage was caused by negligence.
In many cases, where there is a good relationship between the employer and employee, they can come to an agreement, Salat says, but the employer cannot “unilaterally” deduct the employee's pay to cover the loss.
Employers or employees who want more information on their legal rights can contact the ministry on 800 60 or email ask@mohre.gov.ae.
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
KILLING OF QASSEM SULEIMANI
What it means to be a conservationist
Who is Enric Sala?
Enric Sala is an expert on marine conservation and is currently the National Geographic Society's Explorer-in-Residence. His love of the sea started with his childhood in Spain, inspired by the example of the legendary diver Jacques Cousteau. He has been a university professor of Oceanography in the US, as well as working at the Spanish National Council for Scientific Research and is a member of the World Economic Forum’s Global Future Council on Biodiversity and the Bio-Economy. He has dedicated his life to protecting life in the oceans. Enric describes himself as a flexitarian who only eats meat occasionally.
What is biodiversity?
According to the United Nations Environment Programme, all life on earth – including in its forests and oceans – forms a “rich tapestry of interconnecting and interdependent forces”. Biodiversity on earth today is the product of four billion years of evolution and consists of many millions of distinct biological species. The term ‘biodiversity’ is relatively new, popularised since the 1980s and coinciding with an understanding of the growing threats to the natural world including habitat loss, pollution and climate change. The loss of biodiversity itself is dangerous because it contributes to clean, consistent water flows, food security, protection from floods and storms and a stable climate. The natural world can be an ally in combating global climate change but to do so it must be protected. Nations are working to achieve this, including setting targets to be reached by 2020 for the protection of the natural state of 17 per cent of the land and 10 per cent of the oceans. However, these are well short of what is needed, according to experts, with half the land needed to be in a natural state to help avert disaster.
RESULTS
Bantamweight: Jalal Al Daaja (JOR) beat Hamza Bougamza (MAR)
Catchweight 67kg: Mohamed El Mesbahi (MAR) beat Fouad Mesdari (ALG)
Lightweight: Abdullah Mohammed Ali (UAE) beat Abdelhak Amhidra (MAR)
Catchweight 73kg: Mosatafa Ibrahim Radi (PAL) beat Yazid Chouchane (ALG)
Middleweight: Yousri Belgaroui (TUN) beat Badreddine Diani (MAR)
Catchweight 78KG: Rashed Dawood (UAE) beat Adnan Bushashy (ALG)
Middleweight: Sallah-Eddine Dekhissi (MAR) beat Abdel Enam (EGY)
Catchweight 65kg: Yanis Ghemmouri (ALG) beat Rachid Hazoume (MAR)
Lightweight: Mohammed Yahya (UAE) beat Azouz Anwar (EGY)
Catchweight 79kg: Souhil Tahiri (ALG) beat Omar Hussein (PAL)
Middleweight: Tarek Suleiman (SYR) beat Laid Zerhouni (ALG)
If you go
The flights
Return flights from Dubai to Santiago, via Sao Paolo cost from Dh5,295 with Emirates.
The trip
A five-day trip (not including two days of flight travel) was split between Santiago and in Puerto Varas, with more time spent in the later where excursions were organised by TurisTour.
When to go
The summer months, from December to February are best though there is beauty in each season
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
From Zero
Artist: Linkin Park
Label: Warner Records
Number of tracks: 11
Rating: 4/5
What sanctions would be reimposed?
Under ‘snapback’, measures imposed on Iran by the UN Security Council in six resolutions would be restored, including:
- An arms embargo
- A ban on uranium enrichment and reprocessing
- A ban on launches and other activities with ballistic missiles capable of delivering nuclear weapons, as well as ballistic missile technology transfer and technical assistance
- A targeted global asset freeze and travel ban on Iranian individuals and entities
- Authorisation for countries to inspect Iran Air Cargo and Islamic Republic of Iran Shipping Lines cargoes for banned goods
Dr Amal Khalid Alias revealed a recent case of a woman with daughters, who specifically wanted a boy.
A semen analysis of the father showed abnormal sperm so the couple required IVF.
Out of 21 eggs collected, six were unused leaving 15 suitable for IVF.
A specific procedure was used, called intracytoplasmic sperm injection where a single sperm cell is inserted into the egg.
On day three of the process, 14 embryos were biopsied for gender selection.
The next day, a pre-implantation genetic report revealed four normal male embryos, three female and seven abnormal samples.
Day five of the treatment saw two male embryos transferred to the patient.
The woman recorded a positive pregnancy test two weeks later.
The burning issue
The internal combustion engine is facing a watershed moment – major manufacturer Volvo is to stop producing petroleum-powered vehicles by 2021 and countries in Europe, including the UK, have vowed to ban their sale before 2040. The National takes a look at the story of one of the most successful technologies of the last 100 years and how it has impacted life in the UAE.
Read part four: an affection for classic cars lives on
Read part three: the age of the electric vehicle begins
Read part one: how cars came to the UAE
War
Director: Siddharth Anand
Cast: Hrithik Roshan, Tiger Shroff, Ashutosh Rana, Vaani Kapoor
Rating: Two out of five stars
What the law says
Micro-retirement is not a recognised concept or employment status under Federal Decree Law No. 33 of 2021 on the Regulation of Labour Relations (as amended) (UAE Labour Law). As such, it reflects a voluntary work-life balance practice, rather than a recognised legal employment category, according to Dilini Loku, senior associate for law firm Gateley Middle East.
“Some companies may offer formal sabbatical policies or career break programmes; however, beyond such arrangements, there is no automatic right or statutory entitlement to extended breaks,” she explains.
“Any leave taken beyond statutory entitlements, such as annual leave, is typically regarded as unpaid leave in accordance with Article 33 of the UAE Labour Law. While employees may legally take unpaid leave, such requests are subject to the employer’s discretion and require approval.”
If an employee resigns to pursue micro-retirement, the employment contract is terminated, and the employer is under no legal obligation to rehire the employee in the future unless specific contractual agreements are in place (such as return-to-work arrangements), which are generally uncommon, Ms Loku adds.
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
ESSENTIALS
The flights
Etihad (etihad.com) flies from Abu Dhabi to Mykonos, with a flight change to its partner airline Olympic Air in Athens. Return flights cost from Dh4,105 per person, including taxes.
Where to stay
The modern-art-filled Ambassador hotel (myconianambassador.gr) is 15 minutes outside Mykonos Town on a hillside 500 metres from the Platis Gialos Beach, with a bus into town every 30 minutes (a taxi costs €15 [Dh66]). The Nammos and Scorpios beach clubs are a 10- to 20-minute walk (or water-taxi ride) away. All 70 rooms have a large balcony, many with a Jacuzzi, and of the 15 suites, five have a plunge pool. There’s also a private eight-bedroom villa. Double rooms cost from €240 (Dh1,063) including breakfast, out of season, and from €595 (Dh2,636) in July/August.
Company profile
Name: Dukkantek
Started: January 2021
Founders: Sanad Yaghi, Ali Al Sayegh and Shadi Joulani
Based: UAE
Number of employees: 140
Sector: B2B Vertical SaaS(software as a service)
Investment: $5.2 million
Funding stage: Seed round
Investors: Global Founders Capital, Colle Capital Partners, Wamda Capital, Plug and Play, Comma Capital, Nowais Capital, Annex Investments and AMK Investment Office
COMPANY%20PROFILE
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EName%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESmartCrowd%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E2018%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounder%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESiddiq%20Farid%20and%20Musfique%20Ahmed%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EDubai%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ESector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EFinTech%20%2F%20PropTech%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInitial%20investment%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E%24650%2C000%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ECurrent%20number%20of%20staff%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%2035%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%20stage%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESeries%20A%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EVarious%20institutional%20investors%20and%20notable%20angel%20investors%20(500%20MENA%2C%20Shurooq%2C%20Mada%2C%20Seedstar%2C%20Tricap)%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Jetour T1 specs
Engine: 2-litre turbocharged
Power: 254hp
Torque: 390Nm
Price: From Dh126,000
Available: Now
Specs
Engine: Dual-motor all-wheel-drive electric
Range: Up to 610km
Power: 905hp
Torque: 985Nm
Price: From Dh439,000
Available: Now
Hidden killer
Sepsis arises when the body tries to fight an infection but damages its own tissue and organs in the process.
The World Health Organisation estimates it affects about 30 million people each year and that about six million die.
Of those about three million are newborns and 1.2 are young children.
Patients with septic shock must often have limbs amputated if clots in their limbs prevent blood flow, causing the limbs to die.
Campaigners say the condition is often diagnosed far too late by medical professionals and that many patients wait too long to seek treatment, confusing the symptoms with flu.
KILLING OF QASSEM SULEIMANI
Benefits of first-time home buyers' scheme
- Priority access to new homes from participating developers
- Discounts on sales price of off-plan units
- Flexible payment plans from developers
- Mortgages with better interest rates, faster approval times and reduced fees
- DLD registration fee can be paid through banks or credit cards at zero interest rates
if you go
The flights Fly Dubai, Air Arabia, Emirates, Etihad, and Royal Jordanian all offer direct, three-and-a-half-hour flights from the UAE to the Jordanian capital Amman. Alternatively, from June Fly Dubai will offer a new direct service from Dubai to Aqaba in the south of the country. See the airlines’ respective sites for varying prices or search on reliable price-comparison site Skyscanner.
The trip
Jamie Lafferty was a guest of the Jordan Tourist Board. For more information on adventure tourism in Jordan see Visit Jordan. A number of new and established tour companies offer the chance to go caving, rock-climbing, canyoning, and mountaineering in Jordan. Prices vary depending on how many activities you want to do and how many days you plan to stay in the country. Among the leaders are Terhaal, who offer a two-day canyoning trip from Dh845 per person. If you really want to push your limits, contact the Stronger Team. For a more trek-focused trip, KE Adventure offers an eight-day trip from Dh5,300 per person.
Temple numbers
Expected completion: 2022
Height: 24 meters
Ground floor banquet hall: 370 square metres to accommodate about 750 people
Ground floor multipurpose hall: 92 square metres for up to 200 people
First floor main Prayer Hall: 465 square metres to hold 1,500 people at a time
First floor terrace areas: 2,30 square metres
Temple will be spread over 6,900 square metres
Structure includes two basements, ground and first floor
THE%20SPECS
%3Cp%3EBattery%3A%2060kW%20lithium-ion%20phosphate%3Cbr%3EPower%3A%20Up%20to%20201bhp%3Cbr%3E0%20to%20100kph%3A%207.3%20seconds%3Cbr%3ERange%3A%20418km%3Cbr%3EPrice%3A%20From%20Dh149%2C900%3Cbr%3EAvailable%3A%20Now%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
COMPANY PROFILE
Founders: Alhaan Ahmed, Alyina Ahmed and Maximo Tettamanzi
Total funding: Self funded
Our Time Has Come
Alyssa Ayres, Oxford University Press
The Bio
Name: Lynn Davison
Profession: History teacher at Al Yasmina Academy, Abu Dhabi
Children: She has one son, Casey, 28
Hometown: Pontefract, West Yorkshire in the UK
Favourite book: The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho
Favourite Author: CJ Sansom
Favourite holiday destination: Bali
Favourite food: A Sunday roast
Company%20profile
%3Cp%3EName%3A%20Cashew%0D%3Cbr%3EStarted%3A%202020%0D%3Cbr%3EFounders%3A%20Ibtissam%20Ouassif%20and%20Ammar%20Afif%0D%3Cbr%3EBased%3A%20Dubai%2C%20UAE%0D%3Cbr%3EIndustry%3A%20FinTech%0D%3Cbr%3EFunding%20size%3A%20%2410m%0D%3Cbr%3EInvestors%3A%20Mashreq%2C%20others%0D%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
Company profile
Company name: Nestrom
Started: 2017
Co-founders: Yousef Wadi, Kanaan Manasrah and Shadi Shalabi
Based: Jordan
Sector: Technology
Initial investment: Close to $100,000
Investors: Propeller, 500 Startups, Wamda Capital, Agrimatico, Techstars and some angel investors
Persuasion
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EDirector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ECarrie%20Cracknell%C2%A0%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EStars%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EDakota%20Johnson%2C%20Cosmo%20Jarvis%2C%20Richard%20E%20Grant%2C%20Henry%20Golding%20and%20Nikki%20Amuka-Bird%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ERating%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%201.5%2F5%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
BMW M5 specs
Engine: 4.4-litre twin-turbo V-8 petrol enging with additional electric motor
Power: 727hp
Torque: 1,000Nm
Transmission: 8-speed auto
Fuel consumption: 10.6L/100km
On sale: Now
Price: From Dh650,000
The five pillars of Islam
1. Fasting
2. Prayer
3. Hajj
4. Shahada
5. Zakat
The bio:
Favourite holiday destination: I really enjoyed Sri Lanka and Vietnam but my dream destination is the Maldives.
Favourite food: My mum’s Chinese cooking.
Favourite film: Robocop, followed by The Terminator.
Hobbies: Off-roading, scuba diving, playing squash and going to the gym.
David Haye record
Total fights: 32
Wins: 28
Wins by KO: 26
Losses: 4
Electric scooters: some rules to remember
- Riders must be 14-years-old or over
- Wear a protective helmet
- Park the electric scooter in designated parking lots (if any)
- Do not leave electric scooter in locations that obstruct traffic or pedestrians
- Solo riders only, no passengers allowed
- Do not drive outside designated lanes
