Women are at higher risk of experiencing a reaction to flu vaccinations, a study has shown.
Researchers found that women were more likely to suffer an injection site reaction – such as pain or swelling – compared to men.
According to the new study, published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, women are also more likely to suffer from “systemic reactions” to the flu shot, including fever, headache and myalgia – or muscle aches and pain.
The authors, led by experts at the University of Montreal in Canada, said that the body’s response to vaccines and side effects may differ between men and women, “but most studies do not report results by sex”.
They analysed data on more than 34,000 people who took part in 18 previous studies.
People in the study were split into younger adults (those aged 18-64) and older adults aged 65 and over.
The researchers found that there was a higher risk of injection-site reactions in women compared with men for both younger and older adults.
A higher risk was also found for systemic reactions in women compared to men.
The authors said that for every 1,000 flu shots, it could be expected that there would be 115 additional cases of injection site reactions in women compared to men.
And there would be 74 cases of systemic reactions in women for every 1,000 vaccinations, they added.
Staying safe during flu season – in pictures
“Transparent communication of this risk could increase the trust in vaccines and limit vaccine hesitancy,” the authors wrote.
The news comes as the NHS winter flu campaign is already well under way.
More than 2.8 million people in England have received their flu shots since the start of the autumn booster campaign on September 11, according to NHS figures.
Many of these people will have also had their Covid-19 vaccine, with the NHS reporting that 1.16 million autumn Covid shots have been delivered so far.
THE BIO
Favourite car: Koenigsegg Agera RS or Renault Trezor concept car.
Favourite book: I Am Pilgrim by Terry Hayes or Red Notice by Bill Browder.
Biggest inspiration: My husband Nik. He really got me through a lot with his positivity.
Favourite holiday destination: Being at home in Australia, as I travel all over the world for work. It’s great to just hang out with my husband and family.
How to wear a kandura
Dos
- Wear the right fabric for the right season and occasion
- Always ask for the dress code if you don’t know
- Wear a white kandura, white ghutra / shemagh (headwear) and black shoes for work
- Wear 100 per cent cotton under the kandura as most fabrics are polyester
Don’ts
- Wear hamdania for work, always wear a ghutra and agal
- Buy a kandura only based on how it feels; ask questions about the fabric and understand what you are buying
BUNDESLIGA FIXTURES
Saturday, May 16 (kick-offs UAE time)
Borussia Dortmund v Schalke (4.30pm)
RB Leipzig v Freiburg (4.30pm)
Hoffenheim v Hertha Berlin (4.30pm)
Fortuna Dusseldorf v Paderborn (4.30pm)
Augsburg v Wolfsburg (4.30pm)
Eintracht Frankfurt v Borussia Monchengladbach (7.30pm)
Sunday, May 17
Cologne v Mainz (4.30pm),
Union Berlin v Bayern Munich (7pm)
Monday, May 18
Werder Bremen v Bayer Leverkusen (9.30pm)
MATCH INFO
Barcelona 4 (Suarez 27', Vidal 32', Dembele 35', Messi 78')
Sevilla 0
Red cards: Ronald Araujo, Ousmane Dembele (Barcelona)
In-demand jobs and monthly salaries
- Technology expert in robotics and automation: Dh20,000 to Dh40,000
- Energy engineer: Dh25,000 to Dh30,000
- Production engineer: Dh30,000 to Dh40,000
- Data-driven supply chain management professional: Dh30,000 to Dh50,000
- HR leader: Dh40,000 to Dh60,000
- Engineering leader: Dh30,000 to Dh55,000
- Project manager: Dh55,000 to Dh65,000
- Senior reservoir engineer: Dh40,000 to Dh55,000
- Senior drilling engineer: Dh38,000 to Dh46,000
- Senior process engineer: Dh28,000 to Dh38,000
- Senior maintenance engineer: Dh22,000 to Dh34,000
- Field engineer: Dh6,500 to Dh7,500
- Field supervisor: Dh9,000 to Dh12,000
- Field operator: Dh5,000 to Dh7,000
MATCH INFO
Inter Milan 1 (Martinez 18' pen)
Juventus 2 (Dybala 4', Higuain 80')
