Despite 40 years of research, scientists studying Alzheimer’s do not know the cause or cure. Getty
Despite 40 years of research, scientists studying Alzheimer’s do not know the cause or cure. Getty
Despite 40 years of research, scientists studying Alzheimer’s do not know the cause or cure. Getty
Despite 40 years of research, scientists studying Alzheimer’s do not know the cause or cure. Getty

Health

Single brain scan 'could provide early Alzheimer’s diagnosis'

Early diagnosis will allow patients to receive help, support and treatment to manage their symptoms

Soraya Ebrahimi
Soraya Ebrahimi

June 21, 2022

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A single brain scan could offer an early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, a study suggests.

Research used Artificial Intelligence to look at structures of the brain, including regions not previously associated with Alzheimer’s.

The advantage of the technique is its simplicity and the fact that it can detect the disease in its early stages, scientists said.

While there is no cure for Alzheimer’s, an early diagnosis allows patients to access help and support, have treatment to manage their symptoms and plan for the future.

Being able to accurately identify patients at an early stage of the disease will also help researchers to understand brain changes that cause the disease, and support development and trials of new treatments.

“Currently, no other simple and widely available methods can predict Alzheimer’s disease with this level of accuracy, so our research is an important step forward," said Prof Eric Aboagye, from Imperial College London’s department of surgery and cancer, who led the research.

“Many patients who present with Alzheimer’s at memory clinics do also have other neurological conditions, but even within this group our system could pick out those patients who had Alzheimer’s from those who did not.

“Waiting for a diagnosis can be a horrible experience for patients and their families.

“If we could cut down the amount of time they have to wait, make diagnosis a simpler process, and reduce some of the uncertainty, that would help a great deal.

“Our new approach could also identify early-stage patients for clinical trials of new drug treatments or lifestyle changes, which is currently very hard to do.”

How a three-minute iPad test could diagnose dementia - in pictures

Dr Sina Habibi has developed a rapid iPad AI test that can detect early signs of dementia. All photos: Chris Whiteoak / The National
Dr Sina Habibi has developed a rapid iPad AI test that can detect early signs of dementia. All photos: Chris Whiteoak / The National
Dr Habibi says thousands of people have already completed successful trials in South London and Maudsley NHS trusts.
Dr Habibi says thousands of people have already completed successful trials in South London and Maudsley NHS trusts.
He says a rapid screen test on the iPad checks the speed and accuracy of a person's thinking by asking them to select pictures with animals from a series of images.
He says a rapid screen test on the iPad checks the speed and accuracy of a person's thinking by asking them to select pictures with animals from a series of images.
The Integrated Cognitive Assessment test delivers a score out of 100 to test if someone is healthy, at risk or impaired.
The Integrated Cognitive Assessment test delivers a score out of 100 to test if someone is healthy, at risk or impaired.
Response accuracy can be measured to assess healthy brain function, allowing doctors to prescribe relevant steps to delay the potential onset of dementia as we age.
Response accuracy can be measured to assess healthy brain function, allowing doctors to prescribe relevant steps to delay the potential onset of dementia as we age.
Dr Habibi says the programme is in the trail stage and thousands have taken it the UK.
Dr Habibi says the programme is in the trail stage and thousands have taken it the UK.

Doctors use a number of different tests to diagnose Alzheimer’s, including memory and cognitive tests and brain scans.

The scans check for protein deposits in the brain and shrinkage of the hippocampus, the area of the brain linked to memory.

But all of these tests can take several weeks to arrange and to process.

The new technique requires just one of these – a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan taken on a standard 1.5 Tesla machine, which is commonly found in most hospitals.

Researchers adapted an algorithm developed for use in classifying cancer tumours, and applied it to the brain.

They divided the brain into 115 regions and allocated 660 features, such as size, shape and texture, to assess each region.

They then trained the algorithm to identify where changes to these features could accurately predict the existence of Alzheimer’s disease.

Using data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the team tested their approach on brain scans from more than 400 patients with early and later stage Alzheimer’s, healthy people and patients with other neurological conditions, including frontotemporal dementia and Parkinson’s disease.

They also tested it with data from more than 80 patients undergoing diagnostic tests for Alzheimer’s at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust.

The researchers found that in 98 per cent of cases, the MRI-based machine learning system alone could accurately predict whether the patient had Alzheimer’s disease.

It could also tell the difference between early and late-stage Alzheimer’s with fairly high accuracy in 79 per cent of patients.

How a three-minute iPad test could diagnose dementia - video

“Although neuroradiologists already interpret MRI scans to help diagnose Alzheimer’s, there are likely to be features of the scans that aren’t visible, even to specialists," said Dr Paresh Malhotra, a consultant neurologist at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and researcher in Imperial’s department of brain sciences.

“Using an algorithm able to select texture and subtle structural features in the brain that are affected by Alzheimer’s could really enhance the information we can gain from standard imaging techniques.”

The findings are published in the Communications Medicine journal.

“We estimate there are around 900,000 people living with dementia in the UK, with over 250,000 people with dementia living without a diagnosis," said Dr Richard Oakley, associate director of research at the Alzheimer’s Society.

“Having a diagnosis is vital as it opens the door to treatment to manage symptoms and support, and helps individuals and families plan for the future.

“This new MRI-based analysis method could simplify the Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis process.

“This analysis does not require an expert to run, uses MRI brain scanning technology which is already available, and is 98 per cent accurate in distinguishing brain changes due to Alzheimer’s disease.

“This could help clinicians come to an accurate Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis more quickly and easily.“

While you're here
Evacuations to France hit by controversy
  • Over 500 Gazans have been evacuated to France since November 2023
  • Evacuations were paused after a student already in France posted anti-Semitic content and was subsequently expelled to Qatar
  • The Foreign Ministry launched a review to determine how authorities failed to detect the posts before her entry
  • Artists and researchers fall under a programme called Pause that began in 2017
  • It has benefited more than 700 people from 44 countries, including Syria, Turkey, Iran, and Sudan
  • Since the start of the Gaza war, it has also included 45 Gazan beneficiaries
  • Unlike students, they are allowed to bring their families to France
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Her family: She has four sons, aged 29, 27, 25 and 24 and is a grandmother-of-nine

Favourite book: Flashes of Thought by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid

Favourite drink: Water

Her hobbies: Reading and volunteer work

Favourite music: Classical music

Her motto: I don't wait, I initiate

 

 

 

 

 

The biog

Favourite films: Casablanca and Lawrence of Arabia

Favourite books: Start with Why by Simon Sinek and Good to be Great by Jim Collins

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Inspiration: Sheikh Zayed's visionary leadership taught me to embrace new challenges.

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What: International friendly

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Where: Rugby Park, Dubai Sports City

Admission: Free

Online: The match will be broadcast live on Dubai Exiles’ Facebook page

UAE squad: Lucas Waddington (Dubai Exiles), Gio Fourie (Exiles), Craig Nutt (Abu Dhabi Harlequins), Phil Brady (Harlequins), Daniel Perry (Dubai Hurricanes), Esekaia Dranibota (Harlequins), Matt Mills (Exiles), Jaen Botes (Exiles), Kristian Stinson (Exiles), Murray Reason (Abu Dhabi Saracens), Dave Knight (Hurricanes), Ross Samson (Jebel Ali Dragons), DuRandt Gerber (Exiles), Saki Naisau (Dragons), Andrew Powell (Hurricanes), Emosi Vacanau (Harlequins), Niko Volavola (Dragons), Matt Richards (Dragons), Luke Stevenson (Harlequins), Josh Ives (Dubai Sports City Eagles), Sean Stevens (Saracens), Thinus Steyn (Exiles)

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Omar Yabroudi's factfile

Born: October 20, 1989, Sharjah

Education: Bachelor of Science and Football, Liverpool John Moores University

2010: Accrington Stanley FC, internship

2010-2012: Crystal Palace, performance analyst with U-18 academy

2012-2015: Barnet FC, first-team performance analyst/head of recruitment

2015-2017: Nottingham Forest, head of recruitment

2018-present: Crystal Palace, player recruitment manager

 

 

 

 

New UK refugee system

 

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All matches start at 10am, and will be played in Abu Dhabi

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Nepotism is the name of the game

Salman Khan’s father, Salim Khan, is one of Bollywood’s most legendary screenwriters. Through his partnership with co-writer Javed Akhtar, Salim is credited with having paved the path for the Indian film industry’s blockbuster format in the 1970s. Something his son now rules the roost of. More importantly, the Salim-Javed duo also created the persona of the “angry young man” for Bollywood megastar Amitabh Bachchan in the 1970s, reflecting the angst of the average Indian. In choosing to be the ordinary man’s “hero” as opposed to a thespian in new Bollywood, Salman Khan remains tightly linked to his father’s oeuvre. Thanks dad. 

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The specs

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Updated: June 21, 2022, 12:21 AM
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