As tension between Iran and Israel reached a crescendo last week, people in countries throughout the Middle East reported their smartphones had changed time zones to that of Iran.
Several people also noted that apps such as Snapchat and Instagram had changed their locations to Iran.
Although impossible to prove, it is probably the result of Global Positioning Satellite jamming, also known as GPS spoofing.
This is often used for defence and planning purposes, with opposing militaries or groups trying to disrupt signals sent by navigation and location-based systems to gain a strategic advantage.
Iran and Israel have used GPS jamming in the past, and they or proxy groups could be to blame for the jamming. But with so many different entities trying to exert influence in the region at any given time, particularly in the latest conflict, it's almost impossible to figure out who was doing it this time.
While the conflict appears to have ended with a US-orchestrated ceasefire, users are still reporting problems. And it is not just smartphone users who have noticed the glitch.
According to maritime insights and data provider Windward, “approximately 970 ships per day have experienced Global Positioning Satellite jamming in the Arabian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz” since Israel first attacked Iran about two weeks ago.
In the shipping sector, the interruption of GPS data can mean costly delays that add up quickly.
The International Air Transport Association and EU Aviation Safety Agency have sought in recent months to address the problem as it continues to occur around the world.
But SandboxAQ, which works at the junction of quantum technology and artificial intelligence, says that GPS jamming shows no sign of slowing down.
“We’ve seen that as the geopolitical climate has evolved, the prevalence and severity of GPS interference has ramped massively," said Luca Ferrara, general manager for SandboxAQ's navigation business unit.
"This has gone from a niche issue to a global one, and we’ve seen a commensurate increase in interest in our AQNav solution as a result."
SandboxAQ's proprietary system provides an "unjammable" and "terrain agnostic" solution to the problem, the company says.
Mr Ferrara said that the recent GPS jamming incidents in the Middle East, along with similar spoofing incidents affecting ships and aviation around the world, have piqued interest in his company's product.
"We are accelerating our product introduction into the market to meet this urgent need," he told The National.
Jack Hidary, chief executive at SandboxAQ, said that the increasingly prevalent problem of GPS jamming is of great concern in the context of civilian air travel safety, national security and overall defence.
"Jamming is used as a weapon and as a tool to dominate airspace and dominate region and hegemony," he told The National.
Mr Hidary said sometimes militaries will go as far as spoofing their own GPS, known as defensive jamming, as a way to confuse and possibly redirect incoming missiles.
Offensive jamming, he said, involves spoofing other GPS systems to make it more difficult for countries or groups to position airplanes and drones.
Mr Hidary said that GPS spoofing is mostly taking place in areas of Ukraine, Russia, the Arabian Gulf and the Indo-Pacific.
He said the very things that make GPS so easily adopted across technology devices are the same things that make it so brittle and susceptible to jamming.
"A high school student with the right tool can block or jam a GPS," he said.
Homayoun Falakshahi, head of crude oil analysis at the Kpler data firm, said there may be several entities trying to spoof the GPS navigation systems and that their motives could differ.
"Maybe it was the Iranians to make the passage around the Strait of Hormuz less safe, and in turn freight costs would increase and it would have another bullish impact on oil prices," he said during a panel discussion hosted by the Washington Institute.
"Maybe it was the ship operators themselves because they didn’t want their location to be seen by Iran, thinking they could get attacked." He noted that GPS spoofing could also cause ships to crash.
Regardless of who is doing the GPS jamming, the inconveniences stemming from it are starting to add up.
A Bahrain Reddit thread shows ample curiosity about the sudden appearance of Iran's time zone on smartphones.
"I left the house a lot earlier than needed to this morning 'cause my phone time was wrong," wrote one user.
"A friend's vehicle tracking system was showing his Bahrain truck on the west coast of Iran," said another Reddit user.
On Facebook, there are also posts from smartphone users in the UAE pointing out the problem, along with speculation as to what the cause might be.
"Tropospheric ducting, usually during temperature inversions, can cause a cell signal to bounce hundreds of miles further than normal, and since you are in a tall building, there are no obstructions between you and Iran. It's totally possible," wrote a user in the Abu Dhabi Expats group.
Another user dropped a link to GPSJam.org, which shows the parts of the world that are experiencing the most discrepancies with GPS data on smartphones and other devices.
While the consequences from GPS spoofing for average smartphone users pale in comparison to the shipping or aviation industry, Mr Hidary said those problems are vast and need to be addressed.
"We all use the same airspace," he said. "We all depend on reliable transportation, either for ourselves travelling and/or for cargo to come in, and inherently we're all dependent on a strong navigation system to make that happen."
More from Rashmee Roshan Lall
COMPANY%20PROFILE
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Second ODI
England 322-7 (50 ovs)
India 236 (50 ovs)
England win by 86 runs
Next match: Tuesday, July 17, Headingley
WHAT%20MACRO%20FACTORS%20ARE%20IMPACTING%20META%20TECH%20MARKETS%3F
%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Looming%20global%20slowdown%20and%20recession%20in%20key%20economies%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Russia-Ukraine%20war%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Interest%20rate%20hikes%20and%20the%20rising%20cost%20of%20debt%20servicing%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Oil%20price%20volatility%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Persisting%20inflationary%20pressures%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Exchange%20rate%20fluctuations%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20Shortage%20of%20labour%2Fskills%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%E2%80%A2%20A%20resurgence%20of%20Covid%3F%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Other workplace saving schemes
- The UAE government announced a retirement savings plan for private and free zone sector employees in 2023.
- Dubai’s savings retirement scheme for foreign employees working in the emirate’s government and public sector came into effect in 2022.
- National Bonds unveiled a Golden Pension Scheme in 2022 to help private-sector foreign employees with their financial planning.
- In April 2021, Hayah Insurance unveiled a workplace savings plan to help UAE employees save for their retirement.
- Lunate, an Abu Dhabi-based investment manager, has launched a fund that will allow UAE private companies to offer employees investment returns on end-of-service benefits.
What the law says
Micro-retirement is not a recognised concept or employment status under Federal Decree Law No. 33 of 2021 on the Regulation of Labour Relations (as amended) (UAE Labour Law). As such, it reflects a voluntary work-life balance practice, rather than a recognised legal employment category, according to Dilini Loku, senior associate for law firm Gateley Middle East.
“Some companies may offer formal sabbatical policies or career break programmes; however, beyond such arrangements, there is no automatic right or statutory entitlement to extended breaks,” she explains.
“Any leave taken beyond statutory entitlements, such as annual leave, is typically regarded as unpaid leave in accordance with Article 33 of the UAE Labour Law. While employees may legally take unpaid leave, such requests are subject to the employer’s discretion and require approval.”
If an employee resigns to pursue micro-retirement, the employment contract is terminated, and the employer is under no legal obligation to rehire the employee in the future unless specific contractual agreements are in place (such as return-to-work arrangements), which are generally uncommon, Ms Loku adds.
Red flags
- Promises of high, fixed or 'guaranteed' returns.
- Unregulated structured products or complex investments often used to bypass traditional safeguards.
- Lack of clear information, vague language, no access to audited financials.
- Overseas companies targeting investors in other jurisdictions - this can make legal recovery difficult.
- Hard-selling tactics - creating urgency, offering 'exclusive' deals.
Courtesy: Carol Glynn, founder of Conscious Finance Coaching
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
The five pillars of Islam
1. Fasting
2. Prayer
3. Hajj
4. Shahada
5. Zakat
The specs: 2018 Mercedes-AMG C63 S Cabriolet
Price, base: Dh429,090
Engine 4.0-litre twin-turbo V8
Transmission Seven-speed automatic
Power 510hp @ 5,500rpm
Torque 700Nm @ 1,750rpm
Fuel economy, combined 9.2L / 100km
The%20Hunger%20Games%3A%20The%20Ballad%20of%20Songbirds%20%26%20Snakes
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EDirector%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%C2%A0Francis%20Lawrence%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EStars%3A%C2%A0%3C%2Fstrong%3ERachel%20Zegler%2C%20Peter%20Dinklage%2C%20Viola%20Davis%2C%20Tom%20Blyth%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ERating%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E3%2F5%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Results:
6.30pm: Al Maktoum Challenge Round-2 (PA) | Group 1 US$75,000 (Dirt) | 2,200 metres
Winner: Goshawke, Fernando Jara (jockey), Ali Rashid Al Raihe (trainer)
7.05pm: UAE 1000 Guineas (TB) | Listed $250,000 (D) | 1,600m
Winner: Silva, Oisin Murphy, Pia Brendt
7.40pm: Meydan Classic Trial (TB) | Conditions $100,000 (Turf) | 1,400m
Winner: Golden Jaguar, Connor Beasley, Ahmad bin Harmash
8.15pm: Al Shindagha Sprint (TB) | Group 3 $200,000 (D) | 1,200m
Winner: Drafted, Pat Dobbs, Doug Watson
8.50pm: Handicap (TB) | $175,000 (D) | 1,600m
Winner: Capezzano, Mickael Barzalona, Sandeep Jadhav
9.25pm: Handicap (TB) | $175,000 (T) | 2,000m
Winner: Oasis Charm, William Buick, Charlie Appleby
10pm: Handicap (TB) | $135,000 (T) | 1,600m
Winner: Escalator, Christopher Hayes, Charlie Fellowes
WHAT IS A BLACK HOLE?
1. Black holes are objects whose gravity is so strong not even light can escape their pull
2. They can be created when massive stars collapse under their own weight
3. Large black holes can also be formed when smaller ones collide and merge
4. The biggest black holes lurk at the centre of many galaxies, including our own
5. Astronomers believe that when the universe was very young, black holes affected how galaxies formed
The specs
Engine: Dual 180kW and 300kW front and rear motors
Power: 480kW
Torque: 850Nm
Transmission: Single-speed automatic
Price: From Dh359,900 ($98,000)
On sale: Now
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
Results
6.30pm: Mazrat Al Ruwayah – Group 2 (PA) $36,000 (Dirt) 1,600m, Winner: RB Money To Burn, Tadhg O’Shea (jockey), Eric Lemartinel (trainer)
7.05pm: Handicap (TB) $68,000 (Turf) 2,410m, Winner: Star Safari, William Buick, Charlie Appleby
7.40pm: Meydan Trophy – Conditions (TB) $50,000 (T) 1,900m, Winner: Secret Protector, William Buick, Charlie Appleby
8.15pm: Al Maktoum Challenge Round 2 - Group 2 (TB) $293,000 (D) 1,900m, Winner: Salute The Soldier, Adrie de Vries, Fawzi Nass
8.50pm: Al Rashidiya – Group 2 (TB) $163,000 (T) 1,800m, Winner: Zakouski, William Buick, Charlie Appleby
9.25pm: Handicap (TB) $65,000 (T) 1,000m, Winner: Motafaawit, Sam Hitchcock, Doug Watson
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
Who is Tim-Berners Lee?
Sir Tim Berners-Lee was born in London in a household of mathematicians and computer scientists. Both his mother, Mary Lee, and father, Conway, were early computer scientists who worked on the Ferranti 1 - the world's first commercially-available, general purpose digital computer. Sir Tim studied Physics at the University of Oxford and held a series of roles developing code and building software before moving to Switzerland to work for Cern, the European Particle Physics laboratory. He developed the worldwide web code as a side project in 1989 as a global information-sharing system. After releasing the first web code in 1991, Cern made it open and free for all to use. Sir Tim now campaigns for initiatives to make sure the web remains open and accessible to all.
How to apply for a drone permit
- Individuals must register on UAE Drone app or website using their UAE Pass
- Add all their personal details, including name, nationality, passport number, Emiratis ID, email and phone number
- Upload the training certificate from a centre accredited by the GCAA
- Submit their request
What are the regulations?
- Fly it within visual line of sight
- Never over populated areas
- Ensure maximum flying height of 400 feet (122 metres) above ground level is not crossed
- Users must avoid flying over restricted areas listed on the UAE Drone app
- Only fly the drone during the day, and never at night
- Should have a live feed of the drone flight
- Drones must weigh 5 kg or less
RESULTS
Bantamweight: Victor Nunes (BRA) beat Azizbek Satibaldiev (KYG). Round 1 KO
Featherweight: Izzeddin Farhan (JOR) beat Ozodbek Azimov (UZB). Round 1 rear naked choke
Middleweight: Zaakir Badat (RSA) beat Ercin Sirin (TUR). Round 1 triangle choke
Featherweight: Ali Alqaisi (JOR) beat Furkatbek Yokubov (UZB). Round 1 TKO
Featherweight: Abu Muslim Alikhanov (RUS) beat Atabek Abdimitalipov (KYG). Unanimous decision
Catchweight 74kg: Mirafzal Akhtamov (UZB) beat Marcos Costa (BRA). Split decision
Welterweight: Andre Fialho (POR) beat Sang Hoon-yu (KOR). Round 1 TKO
Lightweight: John Mitchell (IRE) beat Arbi Emiev (RUS). Round 2 RSC (deep cuts)
Middleweight: Gianni Melillo (ITA) beat Mohammed Karaki (LEB)
Welterweight: Handesson Ferreira (BRA) beat Amiran Gogoladze (GEO). Unanimous decision
Flyweight (Female): Carolina Jimenez (VEN) beat Lucrezia Ria (ITA), Round 1 rear naked choke
Welterweight: Daniel Skibinski (POL) beat Acoidan Duque (ESP). Round 3 TKO
Lightweight: Martun Mezhlumyan (ARM) beat Attila Korkmaz (TUR). Unanimous decision
Bantamweight: Ray Borg (USA) beat Jesse Arnett (CAN). Unanimous decision
