As Cop28 enters its second week, there are concerns from some organisations that caveats could limit the impact that any agreement has on the phasing out of fossil fuels. AFP
As Cop28 enters its second week, there are concerns from some organisations that caveats could limit the impact that any agreement has on the phasing out of fossil fuels. AFP
As Cop28 enters its second week, there are concerns from some organisations that caveats could limit the impact that any agreement has on the phasing out of fossil fuels. AFP
As Cop28 enters its second week, there are concerns from some organisations that caveats could limit the impact that any agreement has on the phasing out of fossil fuels. AFP

NGOs commend early Cop28 wins but say emissions cuts in global stocktake text are key


Daniel Bardsley
  • English
  • Arabic

Live updates: Follow the latest news on Cop28

Non-profit groups have hailed the early progress made at Cop28, but said that the final text of the global stocktake must be clear on the need for emissions cuts.

As Cop28 enters its second week, there are concerns from some organisations that caveats could limit the impact that any agreement has on the phasing out of fossil fuels.

Campaigners have also said that the final global stocktake text – which is poised to be the central outcome of Cop28 – should also highlight the potential for nature-based solutions to mitigate the effects of climate change.

There’s some [delegates] coming out with very strong views on fossil fuels we haven’t heard before, but there’s so many options on the table
Shirley Matheson,
WWF

Dr Sandeep Sengupta, global policy lead for climate change at the International Union for Conservation of Nature, said that the conference "went off to a really strong start" in securing financial pledges for the loss and damage fund established at Cop27 last year in Egypt.

But the conclusion of a recent UN report that current nationally determined contributions (NDCs) – the commitments countries make on how they will manage their greenhouse gas emissions – only add up to a two per cent reduction in emissions by 2030, compared with 2019 levels.

He said this falls far short of the 43 per cent reduction needed to avoid the worst effects of climate change.

The global stocktake must send a "strong signal" that economies must change in order to "keep 1.5°C alive" and "recognise the role the world’s ecosystems can play" in adapting to and mitigating the extent of climate change.

"The global stocktake is really the instrument that needs to succeed if the world is to get on the 1.5° trajectory," he told The National.

Limiting global average temperature rises to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels was the central aim of the 2015 Paris Agreement, with scientists saying that greater increases could lead to climate change having much more severe consequences.

He called for "enhanced climate finance" for mitigation, adaptation and loss and damage, "with an increased proportion being made available to indigenous peoples and local communities".

Observers are looking at whether the final global stocktake text describes the need for a "phase-out" of fossil fuels rather then the "phase-down" agreed at Cop26 in Glasgow.

Rhiannon Niven, senior policy manager for climate and energy at Birdlife International and co-chairwoman of ecosystems for the Climate Action Network, said that a phase out was "absolutely integral".

She said that mentions of "nature-based solutions" to climate change – while highlighted as important by many environmental organisations – should not become "a distraction to compensate for business as usual" on emissions.

Activists from Friends for Future walk through Cop28 in a protest to demand a phase-out of fossil fuels. Chris Whiteoak / The National
Activists from Friends for Future walk through Cop28 in a protest to demand a phase-out of fossil fuels. Chris Whiteoak / The National

"It has to happen together," Ms Niven said, adding that the world needed to protect at least 30 per cent of land and oceans for nature, as agreed at the UN biodiversity summit in Montreal last year, to stop the world going "past its tipping point and its ability to adapt".

She said at this Cop, and over the past two years, there had been much greater discussion about how preserving nature was central to dealing with climate change.

"It needs to be translated to the text and implementation on the ground," she added.

"Having parties coming out and pushing this at the party-to-party level shows there’s momentum. We’re seeing more and more countries signing up to this and governments committing to landing it in the text. We need to get these hard references in the text."

According to Florence Laloe, senior director for climate policy at Conservation International, mentions of land use and agriculture were proving to be "a tricky part" of the final text, largely because of push-back from countries whose emissions were connected to land use.

Changes in land use, notably converting forested areas to agricultural use, are a significant contributor to climate change.

Entering the second week of Cop28, Shirley Matheson global NDC enhancement director at WWF, said that she was "cautious because there’s so much on the table".

"I’m happy the consistent discussion has been 1.5°C," she said. "There’s some [delegates] coming out with very strong views on fossil fuels we haven’t heard before, but there’s so many options on the table."

In terms of the global stocktake, she said that there was "a lot of expectations for week two" but the signals were that it was "going in a positive direction".

Sara Shaw, climate justice and energy international programme co-ordinator at the environmental organisation Friends of the Earth, expressed concerned about the use of the term "unabated" fossil fuels in draft texts.

If texts only pledge the phase-out of unabated fossil fuel use, this would open up "a colossal loophole" for the continued burning of fossil fuels, she said.

"We’re quite worried. The word abatement has been hanging around for quite a long time," she said. "We’re so opposed to another use of the word unabated. It’s so unhelpful even if it’s refined down."

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A new relationship with the old country

Treaty of Friendship between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United Arab Emirates

The United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United Arab Emirates; Considering that the United Arab Emirates has assumed full responsibility as a sovereign and independent State; Determined that the long-standing and traditional relations of close friendship and cooperation between their peoples shall continue; Desiring to give expression to this intention in the form of a Treaty Friendship; Have agreed as follows:

ARTICLE 1 The relations between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United Arab Emirates shall be governed by a spirit of close friendship. In recognition of this, the Contracting Parties, conscious of their common interest in the peace and stability of the region, shall: (a) consult together on matters of mutual concern in time of need; (b) settle all their disputes by peaceful means in conformity with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations.

ARTICLE 2 The Contracting Parties shall encourage education, scientific and cultural cooperation between the two States in accordance with arrangements to be agreed. Such arrangements shall cover among other things: (a) the promotion of mutual understanding of their respective cultures, civilisations and languages, the promotion of contacts among professional bodies, universities and cultural institutions; (c) the encouragement of technical, scientific and cultural exchanges.

ARTICLE 3 The Contracting Parties shall maintain the close relationship already existing between them in the field of trade and commerce. Representatives of the Contracting Parties shall meet from time to time to consider means by which such relations can be further developed and strengthened, including the possibility of concluding treaties or agreements on matters of mutual concern.

ARTICLE 4 This Treaty shall enter into force on today’s date and shall remain in force for a period of ten years. Unless twelve months before the expiry of the said period of ten years either Contracting Party shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the Treaty, this Treaty shall remain in force thereafter until the expiry of twelve months from the date on which notice of such intention is given.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned have signed this Treaty.

DONE in duplicate at Dubai the second day of December 1971AD, corresponding to the fifteenth day of Shawwal 1391H, in the English and Arabic languages, both texts being equally authoritative.

Signed

Geoffrey Arthur  Sheikh Zayed

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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets

Nancy 9 (Hassa Beek)

Nancy Ajram

(In2Musica)

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Company%C2%A0profile
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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets

Profile of Udrive

Date started: March 2016

Founder: Hasib Khan

Based: Dubai

Employees: 40

Amount raised (to date): $3.25m – $750,000 seed funding in 2017 and a Seed round of $2.5m last year. Raised $1.3m from Eureeca investors in January 2021 as part of a Series A round with a $5m target.

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Updated: December 09, 2023, 4:31 AM`