Apple will open a new campus as part of a five-year, US$30 billion US investment plan and will make about $38bn in one-time tax payments on its overseas cash, one of the largest corporate spending plans announced since the passage of a tax cut signed by US President Donald Trump.
The company has been under increasing pressure to make US investments since the 2016 presidential campaign, when Trump targeted the iPhone maker for making products in Asian factories.
While Apple has announced no plans to change that practice and experts say it would be economically impractical to make iPhones in the United States, the company has begun to emphasize its US economic impact, from developers who sell software on its App Store to the tens of billions of dollars per year it spends with US suppliers.
Between the spending plan, hiring 20,000 people, tax payments and business with US-based suppliers, Apple on Wednesday estimated it would spend $350bn in the United States over the next five years.
It did not, however, say how much of the plan was new or how much of its $252.3 billion in cash abroad - the largest of any US corporation - it would bring home. In addition to the $38bn in taxes it must pay, Apple has run up $97bn in US-issued debt to pay for previous share buybacks and dividends.
Some investors said the US investments would give the company room to make more stock buybacks or pay dividends without criticism. Apple shares on Wednesday closed up 1.7 per cent to $179.10.
Walter Piecyk, managing director for TMT Research at BTIG Research, said he could not yet tell whether the US expansion was an increase from a previous plan or meant investment abroad was being refocused in the United States. Reuters Breakingviews estimated that Apple could have increased US headcount by 24,000 in the last five years.
Trump described the move by Apple as a victory for his efforts.
"I promised that my policies would allow companies like Apple to bring massive amounts of money back to the United States. Great to see Apple follow through as a result of TAX CUTS," Trump wrote on Twitter.
Asked in an interview with ABC News whether the job creation announcements were directly related to the Republican tax plan, Apple chief executive Tim Cook gave a measured response.
"Let me be clear: There are large parts of this that are a result of the tax reform, and there's large parts of this we would have done in any situation," Mr Cook said in the interview.
About a third of Apple's new spending will be on data centers to house its iCloud, App Store and Apple Music services, a sign of the rising importance of subscription services to a company known for its computers and gadgets. Apple has data centers in seven states.
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The announced US spending would be a significant part of Apple's overall capital expenditures. Globally, the company spent $14.9bn in 2017 and expects to spend $16bn in 2018, figures that include both US-based investments in data centers and other projects and Asian investments in tooling for its contract manufacturers.
If Apple's overall capital expenditures continue to expand at the same rate expected this year, the $30bn investment in the United States could represent about a third of its capital expenditures over the next five years.
The announced tax payment was roughly in line with expectations, said Cross Research analyst Shannon Cross. The tax bill requires companies to pay a one-time 15.5 per cent tax on foreign-held earnings whether they intend to bring them back to the United States or not.
Apple had set aside $36.3bn in anticipation of tax payments on its foreign cash, meaning the payment would not represent a major impact on its cash flow this quarter.
James Cordwell of Atlantic Equities said Apple's US investment plan could make it easier for the company to give more cash to shareholders.
"Being seen to just hand the cash back to shareholders could spark some political sensitivities," and the spending announcement could be part of Apple's efforts to manage this issue, Mr Cordwell said.
Apple also said it would boost its advanced manufacturing fund, used to provide capital and support to suppliers such as Finisar and Corning, from $1bn to $5bn. Apple said it planned to spend $55bn with US-based suppliers in 2018, up from $50bn last year.
Apple joins Amazon.com in scouting for a location for a new campus. Amazon finished taking applications from cities in October for its second headquarters.
Amazon set off a scramble between cities across the nation to host the headquarters, and Apple's announcement stirred broad interest. Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel told reporters on Wednesday, "We're going to go compete and we're going to put our best foot forward" to compete for an Apple campus. A Philadelphia Department of Commerce spokeswoman said the city would submit a proposal if Apple opened the process for bids.
Apple has not said whether it had settled on a new campus location yet, and it did not make any commitments on the size of new spending or hiring specific to the campus. It did say it would initially house technical support for customers and would announce the location later this year.
The facility would be in addition to its "spaceship" Apple Park headquarters in Cupertino, California; a campus in Austin, Texas, that houses customer service agents and some manufacturing; and an Elk Grove, California, unit with several thousand customer service agents and iPhones refurbishing technicians.
Apple also has built its own data centers in North Carolina, Oregon, Nevada, Arizona and a recently announced project in Iowa, and leases data center space in other states.