Alternative approach to providing accommodation can benefit those with less spending power. Reuters
Alternative approach to providing accommodation can benefit those with less spending power. Reuters

US land trusts pave way to affordable housing



A home under construction is a common sight in Durham, a small but booming city in North Carolina that has been billed "the start-up capital of the South".

But this wood-frame, which will soon be a three-bedroom house, is unusual: it will rent for $800 a month, about 40 per cent below the market rate.

The rent is designed to be affordable to restaurant workers and janitors, not just the new entrepreneur class. It is being built by non-profit developer Durham Community Land Trust.

"It will make some family very, very happy," said Selina Mack, the group's director.

Ms Mack's organisation develops permanently affordable housing for working class families by separating a house's title from the land underneath.

Proponents of community land trusts say they offer the best chance of providing affordable housing in fast-growing cities like Durham compared with other popular options such as deed restrictions, which expire after a set period.

"Term-limited affordability will allow maybe one family to benefit," said Tony Pickett, executive director of Grounded Solutions Network, a non-profit housing group.

"Creating a stock of permanently affordable housing with a one-time public investment - and that same affordable housing is kept affordable for generations to come - that's a much more sustainable and financially feasible use of public dollars."

It is a boon in the short term, too, as consumers in the US fret about the continuing government shutdown. Consumer sentiment declined in early January to its lowest level since US President Donald Trump was elected, according to a University of Michigan survey.

"The decline was primarily focused on prospects for the domestic economy, with the year-ahead outlook for the national economy judged the worst since mid 2014," the report said.

The loss was due to a host of issues including the partial government shutdown, the impact of tariffs, instabilities in financial markets, the global slowdown, and the lack of clarity about monetary policies. While the January fall-off in optimism is certainly consistent with a slowdown in the pace of growth, the report said, it does not yet indicate the start of a sustained downturn in economic activity.

"It is the strength in personal finances that will continue to support consumption expenditures at favourable levels in 2019. Nonetheless, consumers now sense a need to buttress their precautionary savings, which is typically done by reducing their discretionary spending. Evolving job and wage prospects, which were slightly weaker in early January, are critical to extending the current expansion," it said.

Community land trust housing gives low-to-moderate income families the chance to become homeowners that otherwise they would never have, said Mr Pickett.

And creating a balance "between individual wealth-building and ongoing, long-term affordability" is vital, he added, particularly given the US racial wealth gap.

According to the Centre for American Progress, a left-leaning think-tank, African-American families' median wealth is one-tenth that of white families - in a country where owning a home is the primary path to wealth-building.

By lowering barriers to home ownership, the community land trust model offers that opportunity.

The concept, whose roots lie in the Civil Rights movement, turns 50 this year, but rising land costs and traditional housing finance practices remain obstacles to its widespread adoption.

To date there are just 225 land trusts nationwide, according to Grounded Solutions. That is largely because mortgage bankers and realtors remain unfamiliar with the model, said Mr Pickett, and that creates a vicious cycle.

Additionally, the relatively small number of land trusts means families looking to buy a house do not routinely have this option; that, in turn, limits land trusts' ability to accrue more equity to buy more houses, according to Reuters.

While the house where Ms Mack was overseeing construction last year will be rented, most trust residents own their homes.

Through an innovative housing finance model called "shared equity", the trust retains ownership of the land - and thus much of the accrued value - when the occupant sells the house.

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As a result, the house can be sold at a below-market rate to the next buyer.

In the early 1900s, long before Durham became a start-up capital, it was home to a district known as Black Wall Street for its concentration of insurance companies and banks owned by African-American businesspeople.

But the construction of a downtown freeway in the 1960s dismantled its black business community, while a discriminatory housing policy known as "redlining" prevented black families from getting mortgages.

That left areas like Durham's West End, which is bisected by the highway, down at heel.

"Abandoned housing, little to no homeownership, a lot of rental properties most of them owned by absentee landlords, in disrepair, the city not invested in community," said Ms Mack, describing the West End in the 1980s.

In 1987, residents of the majority African-American neighbourhood banded together with the motto "take back the streets" and renovated five buildings.

The neighbours placed the houses into trust, inspired by New Communities, a Georgia land trust and farm collective started in 1969 by veterans of the Civil Rights movement.

Their effort spurred the city to pass an affordable housing bond that year. That funding source helped to buy land, renovate existing homes and build new ones.

Today, the Durham Community Land Trust owns 281 properties, including one-fourth of the West End, halfway between downtown and Duke University.

The trust's property portfolio ensures an affordable anchor amidst a tide of rising rents.

"Durham is experiencing rapid gentrification. Housing prices are skyrocketing ... The impact of the land trust being in that neighbourhood is what has kept the prices, or at least the increase in the neighbourhood, somewhat stable," Ms Mack said.

Mike Richmond, a retired university janitor, bought through the land trust. As prices have risen in Durham, he said, it would today be near impossible for someone working in his former job to buy a house in the neighbourhood.

"He would have to pinch pennies and, if something came up, then those pennies would be screaming pennies," Mr Richmond said on his front porch.

He acknowledged he would not gain from Durham's housing boom as much as if he had owned the land, but he accepts the trade-off.

"If I don't make a larger profit today, at least somebody else could come in and afford to live," he said.

That attitude is uncommon in a country where housing is considered a profitable asset.

A 2010 report on a longtime Vermont land trust showed most first-time buyers earned enough money from the shared equity sale of their home for a down-payment on a market-rate house.

However, Rocke Andrews, past president of the National Association of Mortgage Brokers, was sceptical that land trusts could offer a widespread opportunity for residents as trusts must rely on land donations and public subsidies.

"It's going to require a large amount of money for large amounts of people," he said.

Grounded Solutions has said previously that trusts might get a boost from banking regulations known as "Duty to Serve" that arose from the 2008 housing crisis, and that push government-sponsored mortgage-finance giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to offer financial support for cooperatives.

But Mr Andrews doubted the regulations would have a significant impact.

"Lots of programmes are available through Duty to Serve, but they aren't widely used in the mortgage market," he said.

As the Great Recession decimated financially insecure homeowners a decade ago, community land trusts provided a bulwark by shoring up struggling mortgages and helping homeowners avoid foreclosure.

Grounded Solutions found market-rate mortgages were eight times more likely to be delinquent than those on land trust homes at the height of the 2008-2009 housing crisis.

Percy Covington, a social worker who lives in a townhouse he bought from the land trust, experienced that firsthand when he needed help to make his mortgage payments.

"It gave me reassurance going through Durham Community Land Trust. They really have your back - a lot more than the bank. It's their investment too," he said.

"It helped save my home."

The White Lotus: Season three

Creator: Mike White

Starring: Walton Goggins, Jason Isaacs, Natasha Rothwell

Rating: 4.5/5

PROFILE OF SWVL

Started: April 2017

Founders: Mostafa Kandil, Ahmed Sabbah and Mahmoud Nouh

Based: Cairo, Egypt

Sector: transport

Size: 450 employees

Investment: approximately $80 million

Investors include: Dubai’s Beco Capital, US’s Endeavor Catalyst, China’s MSA, Egypt’s Sawari Ventures, Sweden’s Vostok New Ventures, Property Finder CEO Michael Lahyani

The smuggler

Eldarir had arrived at JFK in January 2020 with three suitcases, containing goods he valued at $300, when he was directed to a search area.
Officers found 41 gold artefacts among the bags, including amulets from a funerary set which prepared the deceased for the afterlife.
Also found was a cartouche of a Ptolemaic king on a relief that was originally part of a royal building or temple. 
The largest single group of items found in Eldarir’s cases were 400 shabtis, or figurines.

Khouli conviction

Khouli smuggled items into the US by making false declarations to customs about the country of origin and value of the items.
According to Immigration and Customs Enforcement, he provided “false provenances which stated that [two] Egyptian antiquities were part of a collection assembled by Khouli's father in Israel in the 1960s” when in fact “Khouli acquired the Egyptian antiquities from other dealers”.
He was sentenced to one year of probation, six months of home confinement and 200 hours of community service in 2012 after admitting buying and smuggling Egyptian antiquities, including coffins, funerary boats and limestone figures.

For sale

A number of other items said to come from the collection of Ezeldeen Taha Eldarir are currently or recently for sale.
Their provenance is described in near identical terms as the British Museum shabti: bought from Salahaddin Sirmali, "authenticated and appraised" by Hossen Rashed, then imported to the US in 1948.

- An Egyptian Mummy mask dating from 700BC-30BC, is on offer for £11,807 ($15,275) online by a seller in Mexico

- A coffin lid dating back to 664BC-332BC was offered for sale by a Colorado-based art dealer, with a starting price of $65,000

- A shabti that was on sale through a Chicago-based coin dealer, dating from 1567BC-1085BC, is up for $1,950

Specs

Engine: Dual-motor all-wheel-drive electric

Range: Up to 610km

Power: 905hp

Torque: 985Nm

Price: From Dh439,000

Available: Now

Company%20profile
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BMW%20M4%20Competition
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Greatest Royal Rumble match listing

50-man Royal Rumble - names entered so far include Braun Strowman, Daniel Bryan, Kurt Angle, Big Show, Kane, Chris Jericho, The New Day and Elias

Universal Championship Brock Lesnar (champion) v Roman Reigns in a steel cage match

WWE World Heavyweight ChampionshipAJ Styles (champion) v Shinsuke Nakamura

Intercontinental Championship Seth Rollins (champion) v The Miz v Finn Balor v Samoa Joe

United States Championship Jeff Hardy (champion) v Jinder Mahal

SmackDown Tag Team Championship The Bludgeon Brothers (champions) v The Usos

Raw Tag Team Championship (currently vacant) Cesaro and Sheamus v Matt Hardy and Bray Wyatt

Casket match The Undertaker v Rusev

Singles match John Cena v Triple H

Cruiserweight Championship Cedric Alexander v Kalisto

In numbers: PKK’s money network in Europe

Germany: PKK collectors typically bring in $18 million in cash a year – amount has trebled since 2010

Revolutionary tax: Investigators say about $2 million a year raised from ‘tax collection’ around Marseille

Extortion: Gunman convicted in 2023 of demanding $10,000 from Kurdish businessman in Stockholm

Drug trade: PKK income claimed by Turkish anti-drugs force in 2024 to be as high as $500 million a year

Denmark: PKK one of two terrorist groups along with Iranian separatists ASMLA to raise “two-digit million amounts”

Contributions: Hundreds of euros expected from typical Kurdish families and thousands from business owners

TV channel: Kurdish Roj TV accounts frozen and went bankrupt after Denmark fined it more than $1 million over PKK links in 2013 

Specs

Engine: 51.5kW electric motor

Range: 400km

Power: 134bhp

Torque: 175Nm

Price: From Dh98,800

Available: Now

UAE tour of the Netherlands

UAE squad: Rohan Mustafa (captain), Shaiman Anwar, Ghulam Shabber, Mohammed Qasim, Rameez Shahzad, Mohammed Usman, Adnan Mufti, Chirag Suri, Ahmed Raza, Imran Haider, Mohammed Naveed, Amjad Javed, Zahoor Khan, Qadeer Ahmed

Fixtures: Monday, first 50-over match; Wednesday, second 50-over match; Thursday, third 50-over match

Real estate tokenisation project

Dubai launched the pilot phase of its real estate tokenisation project last month.

The initiative focuses on converting real estate assets into digital tokens recorded on blockchain technology and helps in streamlining the process of buying, selling and investing, the Dubai Land Department said.

Dubai’s real estate tokenisation market is projected to reach Dh60 billion ($16.33 billion) by 2033, representing 7 per cent of the emirate’s total property transactions, according to the DLD.

Formula Middle East Calendar (Formula Regional and Formula 4)
Round 1: January 17-19, Yas Marina Circuit – Abu Dhabi
 
Round 2: January 22-23, Yas Marina Circuit – Abu Dhabi
 
Round 3: February 7-9, Dubai Autodrome – Dubai
 
Round 4: February 14-16, Yas Marina Circuit – Abu Dhabi
 
Round 5: February 25-27, Jeddah Corniche Circuit – Saudi Arabia
ASHES FIXTURES

1st Test: Brisbane, Nov 23-27 
2nd Test: Adelaide, Dec 2-6
3rd Test: Perth, Dec 14-18
4th Test: Melbourne, Dec 26-30
5th Test: Sydney, Jan 4-8

The specs

Engine: 2.0-litre 4-cylturbo

Transmission: seven-speed DSG automatic

Power: 242bhp

Torque: 370Nm

Price: Dh136,814

DUNE%3A%20PART%20TWO
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Chef Nobu's advice for eating sushi

“One mistake people always make is adding extra wasabi. There is no need for this, because it should already be there between the rice and the fish.
“When eating nigiri, you must dip the fish – not the rice – in soy sauce, otherwise the rice will collapse. Also, don’t use too much soy sauce or it will make you thirsty. For sushi rolls, dip a little of the rice-covered roll lightly in soy sauce and eat in one bite.
“Chopsticks are acceptable, but really, I recommend using your fingers for sushi. Do use chopsticks for sashimi, though.
“The ginger should be eaten separately as a palette cleanser and used to clear the mouth when switching between different pieces of fish.”