One of the strangest things that companies can do with their surplus cash is to buy their own shares, and right now they are going on a shopping spree.
Just as many people are sitting on a lot of cash following last year's lockdowns, so are many businesses and a growing number are choosing to spend the money on share buybacks.
Technology company Apple has authorised a thumping $90 billion to its buyback programme this year.
By early May, US companies had bought back more than $500bn of their own stock, the highest figure in more than 20 years, according to Goldman Sachs.
It seems an odd thing to do. Shouldn’t businesses be investing surplus revenue profits in future growth or dishing up dividends to loyal investors?
Share buybacks remain controversial, but popular. Most programmes were scrapped in the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic, so many investors are celebrating this year’s resurgence. Or are there darker motivations at play?
Companies reward long-term investors in two main ways. First, by paying dividends. Second, by purchasing their own stock.
In a share buyback, a company takes a pile of its own cash and reinvests in itself, says Chaddy Kirbaj, vice director at Swissquote Bank.
“With fewer shares on the market, the percentage of the company each existing investor holds should rise.”
Companies may also buy their own shares if they believe the market is undervaluing them, he says.
“By picking up their stock at a bargain price, management can demonstrate confidence in its long-term trading prospects, sending a positive message to financial markets.”
Last year, Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway investment vehicle bought back a massive $25bn of its own stock and it has spent another $8bn so far this year.
Charlie Munger, Berkshire Hathaway’s vice chairman, once called buybacks a “highly moral act” if done when shares are trading at a bargain price as this rewards shareholders. However, he cautioned that they are “deeply immoral” if executives repurchase shares solely to drive up the price.
In the UK, about 35 listed companieshave announced share buybacks totalling £8.8bn ($12.3bn) this year, including a hefty £2.6bn from household goods company Unilever and £1bn from Diageo.
By picking up their stock at a bargain price, management can demonstrate confidence in its long-term trading prospects, sending a positive message to financial markets
This follows a tough 2020, when £10bn of buyback programmes were scrapped between March and December, and only £1.6bn were approved, Russ Mould, investment director at online investment platform AJ Bell, says.
During the first Covid-19 lockdown last year, companies scrambled to preserve every penny, now they are feeling more generous, he says.
“Shareholders must decide whether this is a sign that the good times are about to roll or boardrooms are letting down their guard too quickly,” he says.
Critics argue that a successful company should be ploughing its profits back into the business to generate further growth, but Mr Mould says this is not always the best strategy.
“Share buybacks can make more sense than splurging spare cash on, say, an unnecessary acquisition or pointless capacity increases.”
Returning money to shareholders may also be better than leaving it in the bank, where cash now generates a near-zero return.
It also rewards long-term shareholders for their loyalty.
“As well as driving up the share price, it gives them an enhanced stake in the company and a bigger share of future dividends,” says Mr Mould.
If a company has sufficient liquidity to cover its operations and its stock is selling at a discount to the underlying value, buybacks can make sense.
Yet, senior executives have a strange habit of buying their own stock when it is relatively expensive.
US buybacks peaked at $433bn in 2007, shortly before the financial crisis when markets were flying, and crashed in the aftermath. They hit $439bn in 2014 and peaked at $566bn in 2018, US Federal Reserve data shows.
Instead of taking advantage of undervalued share prices, executives seem to get carried away by overvalued ones.
“Some will see today’s rapid return to corporate largesse as a worrying sign, reflecting today’s frothy markets,” says Mr Mould.
Share buybacks can make more sense than splurging spare cash on, say, an unnecessary acquisition or pointless capacity increases
It is odd that so many companies are buying back their shares when markets are booming, says Paul Jackson, global head of asset allocation research at fund manager Invesco.
He says this is “justified mainly by distortions”.
The first is tax. Effectively, a buyback should hand investors a capital gain in the shape of a higher share price. By contrast, paying dividends gives investors income.
“In many countries, including the US, capital gains are taxed at a lower rate than income. So, shareholders may be better off than if they received a dividend,” says Mr Jackson.
Second, shareholders are not the only ones to benefit from a generous buyback. Senior executives may as well.
All things being equal, buybacks should boost earnings per share by reducing the total amount of shares issued. Many company board members have remuneration packages linked to earnings per share performance and, therefore, reap the rewards.
The danger is that many buybacks are funded by issuing debt, a temptation given today’s low interest rates, Mr Jackson says.
“Another attraction is that interest costs are tax deductible, while dividends are not.”
However, if interest rates rise, that debt could prove costly to service. If the buyback was financed from surplus cash instead, the business will generate less interest. Those issues could come into focus if inflation forces up interest rates.
Tax incentives further distort decision-making.
“Eliminate them and I believe the popularity of buybacks would evaporate,” says Mr Jackson.
There is another distortion. Bankers and brokers make big money from organising share buybacks and their fees come at the expense of shareholders.
“Further, reduced cash balances and higher debt burdens reduce operational flexibility, which could be a problem in a time of crisis.”
Another concern is that management time spent on this financial engineering could be better spent on more profitable activities, says Mr Jackson.
Scrapping a dividend causes more reputational damage than stopping a buyback, even though both have a similar impact on shareholders
“Governments could boost business productivity by removing the tax distortions that push companies to spend so much time, energy and money on these programmes,” he says.
Right now, few investors will be complaining. Instead, many will be actively seeking companies offering generous share buyback programmes.
A buyback strategy of targeting stocks that generate enough cash could prove a winning one, says Vijay Valecha, chief investment officer at Century Financial in Dubai.
“Some of the world’s largest and most successful companies do buybacks, notably Apple, Google parent Alphabet, Berkshire Hathaway, Visa and Adobe,” he says.
Companies on the SPX Buyback Index, which tracks the top 100 stocks on the S&P 500 with the highest buyback ratios, has delivered an impressive average total return of 12.27 per cent a year since 1994.
That is notably higher than the 8.14 per cent average across the S&P 500 index.
“Clearly, buybacks are an effective channel to return profits to shareholders and signal that there is value in a company’s shares,” Mr Valecha says.
Buybacks also offer management more flexibility than dividends, he says.
“Scrapping a dividend causes more reputational damage than stopping a buyback, even though both have a similar impact on shareholders.”
For now, investors seem excited by the prospect of getting cash from their holdings, Mr Mould says.
“This is understandably after the thumping dividend cuts of 2020.”
A simple way to take advantage is to buy the Invesco Global Buyback Achievers exchange-traded fund, which tracks a basket of 150 global companies that have reduced their share count through buybacks by at least 5 per cent over the previous 12 months, he says.
Key holdings include Oracle, Intel, eBay, Biogen and HP from the US, Japan’s NTT and Tokyo Electron, and India’s Wipro. The trust is up 36 per cent in the past year and 110 per cent over five years.
Share buybacks may seem odd and do not guarantee success, but many are happy to see them make a swift comeback.
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
About Takalam
Date started: early 2020
Founders: Khawla Hammad and Inas Abu Shashieh
Based: Abu Dhabi
Sector: HealthTech and wellness
Number of staff: 4
Funding to date: Bootstrapped
A little about CVRL
Founded in 1985 by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid, Vice President and Ruler of Dubai, the Central Veterinary Research Laboratory (CVRL) is a government diagnostic centre that provides testing and research facilities to the UAE and neighbouring countries.
One of its main goals is to provide permanent treatment solutions for veterinary related diseases.
The taxidermy centre was established 12 years ago and is headed by Dr Ulrich Wernery.
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
MATCH INFO
Uefa Champions League final:
Who: Real Madrid v Liverpool
Where: NSC Olimpiyskiy Stadium, Kiev, Ukraine
When: Saturday, May 26, 10.45pm (UAE)
TV: Match on BeIN Sports
Developer: Ubisoft Montreal / Ubisoft Toronto
Publisher: Ubisoft
Platforms: Playstation 4, Xbox One, Windows
Release Date: April 10
Specs
Engine: 51.5kW electric motor
Range: 400km
Power: 134bhp
Torque: 175Nm
Price: From Dh98,800
Available: Now
The National's picks
4.35pm: Tilal Al Khalediah
5.10pm: Continous
5.45pm: Raging Torrent
6.20pm: West Acre
7pm: Flood Zone
7.40pm: Straight No Chaser
8.15pm: Romantic Warrior
8.50pm: Calandogan
9.30pm: Forever Young
In numbers: China in Dubai
The number of Chinese people living in Dubai: An estimated 200,000
Number of Chinese people in International City: Almost 50,000
Daily visitors to Dragon Mart in 2018/19: 120,000
Daily visitors to Dragon Mart in 2010: 20,000
Percentage increase in visitors in eight years: 500 per cent
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
More on Quran memorisation:
Key facilities
- Olympic-size swimming pool with a split bulkhead for multi-use configurations, including water polo and 50m/25m training lanes
- Premier League-standard football pitch
- 400m Olympic running track
- NBA-spec basketball court with auditorium
- 600-seat auditorium
- Spaces for historical and cultural exploration
- An elevated football field that doubles as a helipad
- Specialist robotics and science laboratories
- AR and VR-enabled learning centres
- Disruption Lab and Research Centre for developing entrepreneurial skills
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Ronaldo's record at Man Utd
Seasons 2003/04 - 2008/09
Appearances 230
Goals 115
Essentials
The flights
Emirates and Etihad fly direct from the UAE to Los Angeles, from Dh4,975 return, including taxes. The flight time is 16 hours. Alaska Airlines, United Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Aeromexico and Southwest all fly direct from Los Angeles to San Jose del Cabo from Dh1,243 return, including taxes. The flight time is two-and-a-half hours.
The trip
Lindblad Expeditions National Geographic’s eight-day Whales Wilderness itinerary costs from US$6,190 (Dh22,736) per person, twin share, including meals, accommodation and excursions, with departures in March and April 2018.
RESULTS
Dubai Kahayla Classic – Group 1 (PA) $750,000 (Dirt) 2,000m
Winner: Deryan, Ioritz Mendizabal (jockey), Didier Guillemin (trainer).
Godolphin Mile – Group 2 (TB) $750,000 (D) 1,600m
Winner: Secret Ambition, Tadhg O’Shea, Satish Seemar
Dubai Gold Cup – Group 2 (TB) $750,000 (Turf) 3,200m
Winner: Subjectivist, Joe Fanning, Mark Johnston
Al Quoz Sprint – Group 1 (TB) $1million (T) 1,200m
Winner: Extravagant Kid, Ryan Moore, Brendan Walsh
UAE Derby – Group 2 (TB) $750,000 (D) 1,900m
Winner: Rebel’s Romance, William Buick, Charlie Appleby
Dubai Golden Shaheen – Group 1 (TB) $1.5million (D) 1,200m
Winner: Zenden, Antonio Fresu, Carlos David
Dubai Turf – Group 1 (TB) $4million (T) 1,800m
Winner: Lord North, Frankie Dettori, John Gosden
Dubai Sheema Classic – Group 1 (TB) $5million (T) 2,410m
Winner: Mishriff, John Egan, John Gosden
Omar Yabroudi's factfile
Born: October 20, 1989, Sharjah
Education: Bachelor of Science and Football, Liverpool John Moores University
2010: Accrington Stanley FC, internship
2010-2012: Crystal Palace, performance analyst with U-18 academy
2012-2015: Barnet FC, first-team performance analyst/head of recruitment
2015-2017: Nottingham Forest, head of recruitment
2018-present: Crystal Palace, player recruitment manager
Specs
Engine: Duel electric motors
Power: 659hp
Torque: 1075Nm
On sale: Available for pre-order now
Price: On request
Dust and sand storms compared
Sand storm
- Particle size: Larger, heavier sand grains
- Visibility: Often dramatic with thick "walls" of sand
- Duration: Short-lived, typically localised
- Travel distance: Limited
- Source: Open desert areas with strong winds
Dust storm
- Particle size: Much finer, lightweight particles
- Visibility: Hazy skies but less intense
- Duration: Can linger for days
- Travel distance: Long-range, up to thousands of kilometres
- Source: Can be carried from distant regions
Know your Camel lingo
The bairaq is a competition for the best herd of 50 camels, named for the banner its winner takes home
Namoos - a word of congratulations reserved for falconry competitions, camel races and camel pageants. It best translates as 'the pride of victory' - and for competitors, it is priceless
Asayel camels - sleek, short-haired hound-like racers
Majahim - chocolate-brown camels that can grow to weigh two tonnes. They were only valued for milk until camel pageantry took off in the 1990s
Millions Street - the thoroughfare where camels are led and where white 4x4s throng throughout the festival
The%C2%A0specs%20
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STAGE%201%20RESULTS
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Meydan racecard:
6.30pm: Handicap | US$135,000 (Dirt) | 1,400 metres
7.05pm: Handicap | $135,000 (Turf) | 1,200m
7.40pm: Dubai Millennium Stakes | Group 3 | $200,000 (T) | 2,000m
8.15pm: UAE Oaks | Group 3 | $250,000 (D) | 1,900m
8.50pm: Zabeel Mile | Group 2 | $250,000 (T) | 1,600m
9.20pm: Handicap | $135,000 (T) | 1,600m
The specs
Engine: 4.0-litre, twin-turbocharged V8
Transmission: nine-speed automatic
Power: 630bhp
Torque: 900Nm
Price: Dh810,000
'Midnights'
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Results
5pm: Handicap (PA) Dh80,000 (Turf) 1,600m; Winner: Nadhra, Fabrice Veron (jockey), Eric Lemartinel (trainer)
5.30pm: Maiden (PA) Dh80,000 (T) 1,400m; Winner: AF Dars, Tadhg O’Shea, Ernst Oertel
6pm: Handicap (PA) Dh80,000 (T) 1,400m; Winner: AF Musannef, Tadhg O’Shea, Ernst Oertel
6.30pm: Handicap (PA) Dh80,000 (T) 1,200m; Winner: AF Taghzel, Malin Holmberg, Ernst Oertel
7pm: Wathba Stallions Cup Handicap (PA) Dh70,000 (T) 2,200m; Winner: M’Y Yaromoon, Khalifa Al Neyadi, Jesus Rosales
7.30pm: Handicap (TB) Dh100,000 (PA) 1,400m; Winner: Hakeem, Jim Crowley, Ali Rashid Al Raihe
More from Neighbourhood Watch:
The specs: 2018 BMW R nineT Scrambler
Price, base / as tested Dh57,000
Engine 1,170cc air/oil-cooled flat twin four-stroke engine
Transmission Six-speed gearbox
Power 110hp) @ 7,750rpm
Torque 116Nm @ 6,000rpm
Fuel economy, combined 5.3L / 100km
Company profile
Company name: Dharma
Date started: 2018
Founders: Charaf El Mansouri, Nisma Benani, Leah Howe
Based: Abu Dhabi
Sector: TravelTech
Funding stage: Pre-series A
Investors: Convivialite Ventures, BY Partners, Shorooq Partners, L& Ventures, Flat6Labs
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
Bio:
Favourite Quote: Prophet Mohammad's quotes There is reward for kindness to every living thing and A good man treats women with honour
Favourite Hobby: Serving poor people
Favourite Book: The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho
Favourite food: Fish and vegetables
Favourite place to visit: London
COMPANY%20PROFILE
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SPECS
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EEngine%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3A%202-litre%20direct%20injection%20turbo%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ETransmission%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3A%207-speed%20automatic%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EPower%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3A%20261hp%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ETorque%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3A%20400Nm%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EPrice%3C%2Fstrong%3E%3A%20From%20Dh134%2C999%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Top 10 most polluted cities
- Bhiwadi, India
- Ghaziabad, India
- Hotan, China
- Delhi, India
- Jaunpur, India
- Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Noida, India
- Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- Peshawar, Pakistan
- Bagpat, India
Company%20profile
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EName%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Homie%20Portal%20LLC%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20End%20of%202021%C2%A0%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounder%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EAbdulla%20Al%20Kamda%C2%A0%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Dubai%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ESector%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20FinTech%C2%A0%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EInitial%20investment%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Undisclosed%C2%A0%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECurrent%20number%20of%20staff%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%2014%C2%A0%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%20stage%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ELaunch%C2%A0%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Self-funded%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
CREW
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EDirector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ERajesh%20A%20Krishnan%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarring%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ETabu%2C%20Kareena%20Kapoor%20Khan%2C%20Kriti%20Sanon%26nbsp%3B%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ERating%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%203.5%2F5%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Ferrari 12Cilindri specs
Engine: naturally aspirated 6.5-liter V12
Power: 819hp
Torque: 678Nm at 7,250rpm
Price: From Dh1,700,000
Available: Now
Benefits of first-time home buyers' scheme
- Priority access to new homes from participating developers
- Discounts on sales price of off-plan units
- Flexible payment plans from developers
- Mortgages with better interest rates, faster approval times and reduced fees
- DLD registration fee can be paid through banks or credit cards at zero interest rates
Feeding the thousands for iftar
Six industrial scale vats of 500litres each are used to cook the kanji or broth
Each vat contains kanji or porridge to feed 1,000 people
The rice porridge is poured into a 500ml plastic box
350 plastic tubs are placed in one container trolley
Each aluminium container trolley weighing 300kg is unloaded by a small crane fitted on a truck
COMPANY%20PROFILE
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EName%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EEjari%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ERiyadh%2C%20Saudi%20Arabia%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EYazeed%20Al%20Shamsi%2C%20Fahad%20Albedah%2C%20Mohammed%20Alkhelewy%20and%20Khalid%20Almunif%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ESector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EPropTech%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ETotal%20funding%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E%241%20million%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESanabil%20500%20Mena%2C%20Hambro%20Perks'%20Oryx%20Fund%20and%20angel%20investors%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ENumber%20of%20employees%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E8%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Gothia Cup 2025
4,872 matches
1,942 teams
116 pitches
76 nations
26 UAE teams
15 Lebanese teams
2 Kuwaiti teams
MATCH INFO
Leeds United 0
Brighton 1 (Maupay 17')
Man of the match: Ben White (Brighton)
More from Rashmee Roshan Lall
The specs
Engine: four-litre V6 and 3.5-litre V6 twin-turbo
Transmission: six-speed and 10-speed
Power: 271 and 409 horsepower
Torque: 385 and 650Nm
Price: from Dh229,900 to Dh355,000
WandaVision
Starring: Elizabeth Olsen, Paul Bettany
Directed by: Matt Shakman
Rating: Four stars
Company%20Profile
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EName%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Neo%20Mobility%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20February%202023%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ECo-founders%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Abhishek%20Shah%20and%20Anish%20Garg%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Dubai%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EIndustry%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Logistics%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFunding%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20%2410%20million%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Delta%20Corp%2C%20Pyse%20Sustainability%20Fund%2C%20angel%20investors%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Dubai Bling season three
Cast: Loujain Adada, Zeina Khoury, Farhana Bodi, Ebraheem Al Samadi, Mona Kattan, and couples Safa & Fahad Siddiqui and DJ Bliss & Danya Mohammed
Rating: 1/5
'The Woman in the House Across the Street from the Girl in the Window'
Director:Michael Lehmann
Stars:Kristen Bell
Rating: 1/5
more from Janine di Giovanni
Five expert hiking tips
- Always check the weather forecast before setting off
- Make sure you have plenty of water
- Set off early to avoid sudden weather changes in the afternoon
- Wear appropriate clothing and footwear
- Take your litter home with you
Spider-Man: No Way Home
Director: Jon Watts
Stars: Tom Holland, Zendaya, Jacob Batalon
Rating:*****