Capital outflow: Afghanistan has set a $20,000 limit on the amount of currency that travellers can take out of the country. Bay Ismoyo / AFP
Capital outflow: Afghanistan has set a $20,000 limit on the amount of currency that travellers can take out of the country. Bay Ismoyo / AFP

Kabul in bid to thwart airport cash smuggling worth $4.5bn



Passengers flying out of Kabul carried with them more than US$4.5 billion (Dh16.52bn) in cash last year, leading to new rules restricting the amount of foreign currency that travellers can take out of the country to $20,000 at a time.

"I am very concerned about cash leaving Kabul Airport in dollars," said the central bank governor Noorullah Delawari. "We believe much of the currency outflow last year was destined for Iran. It's one thing to make transactions via the banking system, but it's worrying when it's leaving in cash."

Traders are flocking to Herat and other cities across Afghanistan to sell Iranian manufactured goods, such as home appliances and cookware and crockery - with payments made in dollars. As a result banks have witnessed a surge in demand for foreign currency.

"It is hard to control this situation. We have always had trade with Iran and we share a border with them," said Mr Delawari.

The government last month introduced the new regulations that set the $20,000 limit on cash being carried out of Kabul International Airport by individual travellers.

"I am comfortable with that figure. If we take it on an annual basis it's not worrying," Mr Delawari said.

The demand for payments in foreign currency has weakened Afghanistan's currency. The Afghani has lost almost 7 per cent of its value against the US currency since January, and now trades at about 52.5 to the dollar.

Iran's currency, the rial, has lost almost 20 per cent of its value in the same period as western-imposed sanctions over Tehran's nuclear programme have caused a surge in demand for foreign currency amid high inflation. A dollar is now worth 12,262.95 rials, compared with 10,235.95 in January. New measures introduced in February led the dollar to trade at 13,899.95 rials, forcing Iran's central bank to intervene.

Last month, Iranian authorities clashed with protesters who took to the streets in anger at the rial's plunge, and some shops refused to open because of rampant inflation.

The rapid decline of the Iranian rial has sparked problems all over the region, not least in Iraq.

In Baghdad, demand for foreign currency at the central bank's weekly currency auction doubled to $300 million from November to April, putting pressure on Iraq's $60bn foreign reserves.

The central bank said that the outflow of cash was mainly destined for Iran.

In August, the US president Barack Obama banned Elaf Bank, based in Baghdad, from any dealings with the banking system in the United States for allegedly functioning as a conduit to Iran.

"Iranians are trading with countries that don't have sanction policies in place like Afghanistan and Iraq … which is not illegal," said Peter Middlebrook, the managing director of Geopolicity, an international management consultancy and think tank.

"Afghanistan historically had extremely close trading ties with Iran. There are 250 roads leading into Afghanistan that are not necessarily policed or have customs officers.

"So there is little doubt that at the moment, Iran with such widespread sanctions, will be exploiting that as an open border to facilitate exports and imports," added Mr Middlebrook, who previously worked for the World Bank in Kabul.

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Sun jukebox

Rufus Thomas, Bear Cat (The Answer to Hound Dog) (1953)

This rip-off of Leiber/Stoller’s early rock stomper brought a lawsuit against Phillips and necessitated Presley’s premature sale to RCA.

Elvis Presley, Mystery Train (1955)

The B-side of Presley’s final single for Sun bops with a drummer-less groove.

Johnny Cash and the Tennessee Two, Folsom Prison Blues (1955)

Originally recorded for Sun, Cash’s signature tune was performed for inmates of the titular prison 13 years later.

Carl Perkins, Blue Suede Shoes (1956)

Within a month of Sun’s February release Elvis had his version out on RCA.

Roy Orbison, Ooby Dooby (1956)

An essential piece of irreverent juvenilia from Orbison.

Jerry Lee Lewis, Great Balls of Fire (1957)

Lee’s trademark anthem is one of the era’s best-remembered – and best-selling – songs.

Real estate tokenisation project

Dubai launched the pilot phase of its real estate tokenisation project last month.

The initiative focuses on converting real estate assets into digital tokens recorded on blockchain technology and helps in streamlining the process of buying, selling and investing, the Dubai Land Department said.

Dubai’s real estate tokenisation market is projected to reach Dh60 billion ($16.33 billion) by 2033, representing 7 per cent of the emirate’s total property transactions, according to the DLD.

UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
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Price: From Dh59,700 

 

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How to get there

Emirates (www.emirates.com) flies directly to Hanoi, Vietnam, with fares starting from around Dh2,725 return, while Etihad (www.etihad.com) fares cost about Dh2,213 return with a stop. Chuong is 25 kilometres south of Hanoi.
 

2025 Fifa Club World Cup groups

Group A: Palmeiras, Porto, Al Ahly, Inter Miami.

Group B: Paris Saint-Germain, Atletico Madrid, Botafogo, Seattle.

Group C: Bayern Munich, Auckland City, Boca Juniors, Benfica.

Group D: Flamengo, ES Tunis, Chelsea, (Leon banned).

Group E: River Plate, Urawa, Monterrey, Inter Milan.

Group F: Fluminense, Borussia Dortmund, Ulsan, Mamelodi Sundowns.

Group G: Manchester City, Wydad, Al Ain, Juventus.

Group H: Real Madrid, Al Hilal, Pachuca, Salzburg.

The White Lotus: Season three

Creator: Mike White

Starring: Walton Goggins, Jason Isaacs, Natasha Rothwell

Rating: 4.5/5

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FA CUP FINAL

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Manchester United 0

Man of the match: Eden Hazard (Chelsea)

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Stars: Basel Adra, Yuval Abraham

Rating: 3.5/5

Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.

Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.

Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.

“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.

Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.

From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.

Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.

BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.

Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.

Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.

“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.

“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.

“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”

The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”

In numbers: PKK’s money network in Europe

Germany: PKK collectors typically bring in $18 million in cash a year – amount has trebled since 2010

Revolutionary tax: Investigators say about $2 million a year raised from ‘tax collection’ around Marseille

Extortion: Gunman convicted in 2023 of demanding $10,000 from Kurdish businessman in Stockholm

Drug trade: PKK income claimed by Turkish anti-drugs force in 2024 to be as high as $500 million a year

Denmark: PKK one of two terrorist groups along with Iranian separatists ASMLA to raise “two-digit million amounts”

Contributions: Hundreds of euros expected from typical Kurdish families and thousands from business owners

TV channel: Kurdish Roj TV accounts frozen and went bankrupt after Denmark fined it more than $1 million over PKK links in 2013 

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The National's picks

4.35pm: Tilal Al Khalediah
5.10pm: Continous
5.45pm: Raging Torrent
6.20pm: West Acre
7pm: Flood Zone
7.40pm: Straight No Chaser
8.15pm: Romantic Warrior
8.50pm: Calandogan
9.30pm: Forever Young

Museum of the Future in numbers
  •  78 metres is the height of the museum
  •  30,000 square metres is its total area
  •  17,000 square metres is the length of the stainless steel facade
  •  14 kilometres is the length of LED lights used on the facade
  •  1,024 individual pieces make up the exterior 
  •  7 floors in all, with one for administrative offices
  •  2,400 diagonally intersecting steel members frame the torus shape
  •  100 species of trees and plants dot the gardens
  •  Dh145 is the price of a ticket