It’s not surprising that a country with 11 time zones covers a lot of the Earth’s surface — and a lot of its natural resources. Russia could invade Ukraine “at any time”, says the US. That threatens secure supplies of a host of commodities, raising concerns, but also an opportunity for the Gulf to seize.
The threat comes from food. Russia and Ukraine together amount for more than a quarter of the world’s wheat exports and are also important for sunflower oil and corn. The Middle East and North Africa region contains the world’s two biggest importers of wheat: Egypt and Turkey, along with Algeria and Iran that are in the top ten. The GCC countries, with their arid climate, are heavily dependent on food imports in general.
A conflict could disrupt crop supplies in four ways. Fighting, sabotage or naval blockades may interrupt harvesting and exporting. US and EU sanctions on Russia in response probably would not be aimed at food directly but may hamper financial transactions.
Russia might counter by limiting its agricultural sales. In fact, in December, it already cut the quota for February 15 to June 30, 2022, to 11 million tonnes of grain, including eight million tonnes of wheat, to protect the domestic market, from a level of 17.5 million tonnes for the same period last year. The drop between is equivalent to the GCC’s entire wheat imports. Prices have risen to the highest levels since 2012.
Supplies of fertiliser may also be interrupted, denting international crop yields. Early this month, the Russian-headquartered EuroChem Group announced it had made a binding €455 million ($516m) offer for the nitrogen fertiliser business of Borealis, which is 75 per cent owned by Austrian oil and chemical group OMV, and 25 per cent by Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala.
EuroChem would become Europe’s second-largest fertiliser company, after Yara of Norway. Brussels might block the acquisition, but also this month, the Kremlin banned its own fertiliser exports.
Meanwhile steep gas prices threaten Europe’s own nitrogenous fertiliser output, having forced Yara to cut output by 40 per cent in September. Compounding the problem, the second and third-largest world exporters of plant nutrient potash are Belarus and Russia. Belarus’s potash industry was already aimed at by European and American sanctions last month, over Minsk’s repression of protesters following a disputed presidential election.
The wealthy GCC countries are crucial exporters of other vital materials — oil and gas. This gives them the leverage to negotiate and purchase sufficient food. They have taken measures over the years to build up strategic food reserves and boost domestic agricultural output as far as possible.
Beyond these measures, the opportunity lies in a host of other basic commodities and manufactured goods. The Gulf is already an important producer of several materials.
Abu Dhabi-listed Fertiglobe, owned jointly by Adnoc and OCI, is the largest nitrogen fertiliser producer in the Mena region. The GCC produces nearly ten per cent of the world’s aluminium, with the UAE in the lead. Prices for the light metal are already up 15 per cent this year on European and Chinese power shortages and risks to Russian exports. But the region can do more — in both basic and more sophisticated products.
Three trends drive this opportunity. The most immediate is the threat the Ukraine crisis poses to supply of energy and numerous materials.
The other two are more fundamental. The US, EU and China have all, in various ways, become concerned about the concentration of key items in the hands of others — particularly those that underpin the clean energy revolution.
For the EU and US, these include fertilisers, rare earth minerals, lithium, polysilicon, solar panels, batteries and semiconductors. Beijing worries about oil, liquefied natural gas, and even Australian coal. They may try to increase their domestic supply, but where this isn’t feasible, they would like to see supply chains in the hands of friendly states, or at least more diversified.
The GCC enjoys generally good relations with all the main likely trade partners in Europe, the US, south and east Asia, as well as Russia. Its industrial expansion need not be politicised but can follow pragmatic commercial considerations.
Thirdly, emerging demand for low-carbon materials is likely to take off rapidly. European manufacturers in particular have increasingly committed to low-carbon material inputs — more than the continent can likely produce itself.
This includes steel, aluminium, ammonia, methanol, synthetic fuels, plastics, cement, carbon fibre and others made using renewable energy, hydrogen and carbon capture and storage. These in turn spawn a host of high-performance derivatives and manufactured products. The Ta’ziz industrial zone in Abu Dhabi is an example.
The UAE, Saudi Arabia and Oman all have big ambitions in hydrogen, and Emirates Global Aluminium is developing a road map for decarbonisation. They enjoy available land, excellent logistics, low-cost solar and some wind power, reasonably-priced and abundant gas, and ideal geological conditions for safe underground disposal of carbon dioxide.
In the past, the build-up of Gulf industrial capacity was driven by the input of oil and gas at prices well below world market levels. While this established a strong base, it cannot be the model in future and an expanded GCC industry should focus on the highest standards of commerciality, efficiency and environmental performance.
Bulk chemicals should be the foundation for a sophisticated set of outputs, to add more value and employment. Sensible intra-regional collaboration should be preferred over competition.
Deepening the sophistication of Gulf industry makes the economy more diversified and robust. It protects against future diminishing demand for hydrocarbons. And it enriches international trade, reducing the likelihood and impact of global supply shocks and conflict.
Robin M. Mills is CEO of Qamar Energy, and author of The Myth of the Oil Crisis
Temple numbers
Expected completion: 2022
Height: 24 meters
Ground floor banquet hall: 370 square metres to accommodate about 750 people
Ground floor multipurpose hall: 92 square metres for up to 200 people
First floor main Prayer Hall: 465 square metres to hold 1,500 people at a time
First floor terrace areas: 2,30 square metres
Temple will be spread over 6,900 square metres
Structure includes two basements, ground and first floor
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
The specs
Engine: 6.2-litre supercharged V8
Power: 712hp at 6,100rpm
Torque: 881Nm at 4,800rpm
Transmission: 8-speed auto
Fuel consumption: 19.6 l/100km
Price: Dh380,000
On sale: now
What can victims do?
Always use only regulated platforms
Stop all transactions and communication on suspicion
Save all evidence (screenshots, chat logs, transaction IDs)
Report to local authorities
Warn others to prevent further harm
Courtesy: Crystal Intelligence
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Manchester United v Club America
When: Thursday, 9pm Arizona time (Friday UAE, 8am)
Farage on Muslim Brotherhood
Nigel Farage told Reform's annual conference that the party will proscribe the Muslim Brotherhood if he becomes Prime Minister.
"We will stop dangerous organisations with links to terrorism operating in our country," he said. "Quite why we've been so gutless about this – both Labour and Conservative – I don't know.
“All across the Middle East, countries have banned and proscribed the Muslim Brotherhood as a dangerous organisation. We will do the very same.”
It is 10 years since a ground-breaking report into the Muslim Brotherhood by Sir John Jenkins.
Among the former diplomat's findings was an assessment that “the use of extreme violence in the pursuit of the perfect Islamic society” has “never been institutionally disowned” by the movement.
The prime minister at the time, David Cameron, who commissioned the report, said membership or association with the Muslim Brotherhood was a "possible indicator of extremism" but it would not be banned.
SPECS%3A%20Polestar%203
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EEngine%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ELong-range%20dual%20motor%20with%20400V%20battery%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EPower%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E360kW%20%2F%20483bhp%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ETorque%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E840Nm%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ETransmission%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESingle-speed%20automatic%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EMax%20touring%20range%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20628km%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3E0-100km%2Fh%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%204.7sec%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ETop%20speed%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20210kph%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EPrice%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EFrom%20Dh360%2C000%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EOn%20sale%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESeptember%3Cbr%3E%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Donating your hair
• Your hair should be least 30 cms long, as some of the hair is lost during manufacturing of the wigs.
• Clean, dry hair in good condition (no split ends) from any gender, and of any natural colour, is required.
• Straight, wavy, curly, permed or chemically straightened is permitted.
• Dyed hair must be of a natural colour
KYLIAN MBAPPE 2016/17 STATS
Ligue 1: Appearances - 29, Goals - 15, Assists - 8
UCL: Appearances - 9, Goals - 6
French Cup: Appearances - 3, Goals - 3
France U19: Appearances - 5, Goals - 5, Assists - 1
Director: Laxman Utekar
Cast: Vicky Kaushal, Akshaye Khanna, Diana Penty, Vineet Kumar Singh, Rashmika Mandanna
Rating: 1/5
Day 1 results:
Open Men (bonus points in brackets)
New Zealand 125 (1) beat UAE 111 (3)
India 111 (4) beat Singapore 75 (0)
South Africa 66 (2) beat Sri Lanka 57 (2)
Australia 126 (4) beat Malaysia -16 (0)
Open Women
New Zealand 64 (2) beat South Africa 57 (2)
England 69 (3) beat UAE 63 (1)
Australia 124 (4) beat UAE 23 (0)
New Zealand 74 (2) beat England 55 (2)
Two products to make at home
Toilet cleaner
1 cup baking soda
1 cup castile soap
10-20 drops of lemon essential oil (or another oil of your choice)
Method:
1. Mix the baking soda and castile soap until you get a nice consistency.
2. Add the essential oil to the mix.
Air Freshener
100ml water
5 drops of the essential oil of your choice (note: lavender is a nice one for this)
Method:
1. Add water and oil to spray bottle to store.
2. Shake well before use.
Zakat definitions
Zakat: an Arabic word meaning ‘to cleanse’ or ‘purification’.
Nisab: the minimum amount that a Muslim must have before being obliged to pay zakat. Traditionally, the nisab threshold was 87.48 grams of gold, or 612.36 grams of silver. The monetary value of the nisab therefore varies by current prices and currencies.
Zakat Al Mal: the ‘cleansing’ of wealth, as one of the five pillars of Islam; a spiritual duty for all Muslims meeting the ‘nisab’ wealth criteria in a lunar year, to pay 2.5 per cent of their wealth in alms to the deserving and needy.
Zakat Al Fitr: a donation to charity given during Ramadan, before Eid Al Fitr, in the form of food. Every adult Muslim who possesses food in excess of the needs of themselves and their family must pay two qadahs (an old measure just over 2 kilograms) of flour, wheat, barley or rice from each person in a household, as a minimum.
Specs
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Uefa Champions League last 16 draw
Juventus v Tottenham Hotspur
Basel v Manchester City
Sevilla v Manchester United
Porto v Liverpool
Real Madrid v Paris Saint-Germain
Shakhtar Donetsk v Roma
Chelsea v Barcelona
Bayern Munich v Besiktas
Jetour T1 specs
Engine: 2-litre turbocharged
Power: 254hp
Torque: 390Nm
Price: From Dh126,000
Available: Now
Indoor cricket in a nutshell
Indoor cricket in a nutshell
Indoor Cricket World Cup - Sept 16-20, Insportz, Dubai
16 Indoor cricket matches are 16 overs per side
8 There are eight players per team
9 There have been nine Indoor Cricket World Cups for men. Australia have won every one.
5 Five runs are deducted from the score when a wickets falls
4 Batsmen bat in pairs, facing four overs per partnership
Scoring In indoor cricket, runs are scored by way of both physical and bonus runs. Physical runs are scored by both batsmen completing a run from one crease to the other. Bonus runs are scored when the ball hits a net in different zones, but only when at least one physical run is score.
Zones
A Front net, behind the striker and wicketkeeper: 0 runs
B Side nets, between the striker and halfway down the pitch: 1 run
C Side nets between halfway and the bowlers end: 2 runs
D Back net: 4 runs on the bounce, 6 runs on the full
THREE
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Results
5pm: Handicap (PA) Dh80,000 (Turf) 1,600m; Winner: Nadhra, Fabrice Veron (jockey), Eric Lemartinel (trainer)
5.30pm: Maiden (PA) Dh80,000 (T) 1,400m; Winner: AF Dars, Tadhg O’Shea, Ernst Oertel
6pm: Handicap (PA) Dh80,000 (T) 1,400m; Winner: AF Musannef, Tadhg O’Shea, Ernst Oertel
6.30pm: Handicap (PA) Dh80,000 (T) 1,200m; Winner: AF Taghzel, Malin Holmberg, Ernst Oertel
7pm: Wathba Stallions Cup Handicap (PA) Dh70,000 (T) 2,200m; Winner: M’Y Yaromoon, Khalifa Al Neyadi, Jesus Rosales
7.30pm: Handicap (TB) Dh100,000 (PA) 1,400m; Winner: Hakeem, Jim Crowley, Ali Rashid Al Raihe
South Africa v India schedule
Tests: 1st Test Jan 5-9, Cape Town; 2nd Test Jan 13-17, Centurion; 3rd Test Jan 24-28, Johannesburg
ODIs: 1st ODI Feb 1, Durban; 2nd ODI Feb 4, Centurion; 3rd ODI Feb 7, Cape Town; 4th ODI Feb 10, Johannesburg; 5th ODI Feb 13, Port Elizabeth; 6th ODI Feb 16, Centurion
T20Is: 1st T20I Feb 18, Johannesburg; 2nd T20I Feb 21, Centurion; 3rd T20I Feb 24, Cape Town
Ibrahim's play list
Completed an electrical diploma at the Adnoc Technical Institute
Works as a public relations officer with Adnoc
Apart from the piano, he plays the accordion, oud and guitar
His favourite composer is Johann Sebastian Bach
Also enjoys listening to Mozart
Likes all genres of music including Arabic music and jazz
Enjoys rock groups Scorpions and Metallica
Other musicians he likes are Syrian-American pianist Malek Jandali and Lebanese oud player Rabih Abou Khalil
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
MEDIEVIL%20(1998)
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Race card
6.30pm: Maiden (TB) Dh 82,500 (Dirt) 1.600m
7.05pm: Maiden (TB) Dh 82,500 (D) 2,000m
7.50pm: Handicap (TB) Dh 82,500 (D) 1,600m
8.15pm: The Garhoud Sprint Listed (TB) Dh 132,500 (D) 1,200m
8.50pm: The Entisar Listed (TB) Dh 132,500 (D) 2,000m
9.25pm: Conditions (TB) Dh 120,000 (D) 1,400m
Abu Dhabi Equestrian Club race card
5pm: Abu Dhabi Fillies Classic (PA) Prestige; Dh110,000; 1,400m
5.30pm: Abu Dhabi Colts Classic (PA) Prestige; Dh110,000; 1,400m
6pm: Maiden (PA); Dh80,000; 1,600m
6.30pm: Abu Dhabi Championship (PA) Listed; Dh180,000; 1,600m
7pm: Wathba Stallions Cup (PA) Handicap; Dh70,000; 2,200m
7.30pm: Handicap (PA); Dh100,000; 2,400m
The UAE's journey to space
GAC GS8 Specs
Engine: 2.0-litre 4cyl turbo
Power: 248hp at 5,200rpm
Torque: 400Nm at 1,750-4,000rpm
Transmission: 8-speed auto
Fuel consumption: 9.1L/100km
On sale: Now
Price: From Dh149,900
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
The Kites
Romain Gary
Penguin Modern Classics
Drivers’ championship standings after Singapore:
1. Lewis Hamilton, Mercedes - 263
2. Sebastian Vettel, Ferrari - 235
3. Valtteri Bottas, Mercedes - 212
4. Daniel Ricciardo, Red Bull - 162
5. Kimi Raikkonen, Ferrari - 138
6. Sergio Perez, Force India - 68
Our legal consultant
Name: Dr Hassan Mohsen Elhais
Position: legal consultant with Al Rowaad Advocates and Legal Consultants.
