Calls for private-sector led development in the Arab world


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LONDON // The private sector will be key to closing the annual “infrastructure gap” in the Arab world, a panel of senior economic and business leaders has said.

Less of a reliance on government will be vital as the region grapples with a dearth of facilities in sectors as diverse as energy and education, speakers said at last week’s Telegraph Middle East Congress in London.

Dimitris Tsitsiragos, the vice president and leader of global investment operations at the International Finance Corporation, said the “infrastructure gap” in the Middle East and North Africa (Mena) amounts to US$100 billion a year.

“There is a role for the public sector but the growth is going to come from the private sector,” Mr Tsitsiragos said. “Historically in Mena, the public sector has been the employer of choice, and this is something that governments need to change.”

Ahmed Demerdash Badrawi, the managing director at Sodic, one of Egypt’s largest listed property developers, gave a stark example of the inefficiencies in his country.

“The public sector comprises 6 million employees. And there’s a statistic I read that the time it takes to get a building permit out in Egypt is over six months, compared with 29 days, for example, in South Korea,” he said. “The private sector needs to be left alone,” he added. “It’s proven that we’re the ones that can perform, we will create jobs.”

Panellists gave examples of private-sector work in action. Ahmed Badreldin, a senior partner at Abraaj Group, said the UAE was notable in facilitating the private sector in the education sector.

Ibrahim Al Zubi, a senior consultant at the Dubai Land Department, pointed to the Dubai Expo 2020 as an “excellent example” of how public-private partnerships will be put to work in the region.

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Citizenship-by-investment programmes

United Kingdom

The UK offers three programmes for residency. The UK Overseas Business Representative Visa lets you open an overseas branch office of your existing company in the country at no extra investment. For the UK Tier 1 Innovator Visa, you are required to invest £50,000 (Dh238,000) into a business. You can also get a UK Tier 1 Investor Visa if you invest £2 million, £5m or £10m (the higher the investment, the sooner you obtain your permanent residency).

All UK residency visas get approved in 90 to 120 days and are valid for 3 years. After 3 years, the applicant can apply for extension of another 2 years. Once they have lived in the UK for a minimum of 6 months every year, they are eligible to apply for permanent residency (called Indefinite Leave to Remain). After one year of ILR, the applicant can apply for UK passport.

The Caribbean

Depending on the country, the investment amount starts from $100,000 (Dh367,250) and can go up to $400,000 in real estate. From the date of purchase, it will take between four to five months to receive a passport. 

Portugal

The investment amount ranges from €350,000 to €500,000 (Dh1.5m to Dh2.16m) in real estate. From the date of purchase, it will take a maximum of six months to receive a Golden Visa. Applicants can apply for permanent residency after five years and Portuguese citizenship after six years.

“Among European countries with residency programmes, Portugal has been the most popular because it offers the most cost-effective programme to eventually acquire citizenship of the European Union without ever residing in Portugal,” states Veronica Cotdemiey of Citizenship Invest.

Greece

The real estate investment threshold to acquire residency for Greece is €250,000, making it the cheapest real estate residency visa scheme in Europe. You can apply for residency in four months and citizenship after seven years.

Spain

The real estate investment threshold to acquire residency for Spain is €500,000. You can apply for permanent residency after five years and citizenship after 10 years. It is not necessary to live in Spain to retain and renew the residency visa permit.

Cyprus

Cyprus offers the quickest route to citizenship of a European country in only six months. An investment of €2m in real estate is required, making it the highest priced programme in Europe.

Malta

The Malta citizenship by investment programme is lengthy and investors are required to contribute sums as donations to the Maltese government. The applicant must either contribute at least €650,000 to the National Development & Social Fund. Spouses and children are required to contribute €25,000; unmarried children between 18 and 25 and dependent parents must contribute €50,000 each.

The second step is to make an investment in property of at least €350,000 or enter a property rental contract for at least €16,000 per annum for five years. The third step is to invest at least €150,000 in bonds or shares approved by the Maltese government to be kept for at least five years.

Candidates must commit to a minimum physical presence in Malta before citizenship is granted. While you get residency in two months, you can apply for citizenship after a year.

Egypt 

A one-year residency permit can be bought if you purchase property in Egypt worth $100,000. A three-year residency is available for those who invest $200,000 in property, and five years for those who purchase property worth $400,000.

Source: Citizenship Invest and Aqua Properties

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