Beirut fire: the design story of the building Zaha Hadid conceptualised 12 years ago


Alexandra Chaves
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An unfinished project by Zaha Hadid Architects caught fire in Beirut on Tuesday.

The building, named North Souks Department Store, is a five-storey structure located in the Beirut Souks development complex in the Lebanese capital, close to the port.

Designed by the late Zaha Hadid and her team, the building – which was nearing completion when the fire broke out – includes a cinema complex and entertainment annex designed by other architects.

The design concept for the building was created 12 years ago by Zaha Hadid and her team. Courtesy Zaha Hadid Architects
The design concept for the building was created 12 years ago by Zaha Hadid and her team. Courtesy Zaha Hadid Architects

The department store has a retail area of 22,497 square metres. The South Souks, designed by architects Rafael Moneo and Kevin Dash, comprises the development's jewellery markets.

The late Iraqi-British architect and her team began developing the concept for the building 12 years ago. Their finished design responds to the structure's site and surroundings, specifically the historic area of Khan Antoun Bey, a former caravanserai, or rest stop for traders, which was demolished in 1983.

The site of Khan Antoun Bey is now being converted into a public square by developer Solidere, which is also the company behind Beirut Souks. The wide, lush piazza will serve as the entrance to the department store.

The overall design of the building is modelled on Hadid's architectural style, with its twisted shape that mimics an infinity sign when seen from above. The Pritzker Architecture Prize winner, who died in 2016, was known for incorporating fluid curves and undulating forms in her projects.

Inside, an atrium brings in natural light and circulation to the space. The interiors are stark white, adding to the brightness and airiness of the hallways.

The building's atrium brings in natural light and circulation to the space. Courtesy Zaha Hadid Architects
The building's atrium brings in natural light and circulation to the space. Courtesy Zaha Hadid Architects

Meanwhile, the building’s exterior features an asymmetrical mesh-like pattern that accentuates the appearance of the structure’s fluidity. In the design concept for the Beirut Souks Department Store, Zaha Hadid Architects describe the intention of “blurring the envelope of the building with the piazza”, to ensure that it seamlessly blends in with its surroundings.

The building is Hadid’s second project in Beirut. In 2014, the Issam Fares Institute, part of the American University of Beirut, was completed. The angular structure appears to float above its courtyard entrance, a deliberate design feature to preserve the landscape underneath.

The aftermath of the fire that erupted in the Beirut Souks Department Store, designed by the late world-renowned architect Zaha Hadid. EPA
The aftermath of the fire that erupted in the Beirut Souks Department Store, designed by the late world-renowned architect Zaha Hadid. EPA

Pictures from Tuesday's fire show that the Beirut Souks Department Store's exterior was badly scorched, with parts of the exterior cladding falling away.

The cause of the fire is unknown. No injuries have been reported so far, and plans for repairing the building are yet to be announced.

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Why it pays to compare

A comparison of sending Dh20,000 from the UAE using two different routes at the same time - the first direct from a UAE bank to a bank in Germany, and the second from the same UAE bank via an online platform to Germany - found key differences in cost and speed. The transfers were both initiated on January 30.

Route 1: bank transfer

The UAE bank charged Dh152.25 for the Dh20,000 transfer. On top of that, their exchange rate margin added a difference of around Dh415, compared with the mid-market rate.

Total cost: Dh567.25 - around 2.9 per cent of the total amount

Total received: €4,670.30 

Route 2: online platform

The UAE bank’s charge for sending Dh20,000 to a UK dirham-denominated account was Dh2.10. The exchange rate margin cost was Dh60, plus a Dh12 fee.

Total cost: Dh74.10, around 0.4 per cent of the transaction

Total received: €4,756

The UAE bank transfer was far quicker – around two to three working days, while the online platform took around four to five days, but was considerably cheaper. In the online platform transfer, the funds were also exposed to currency risk during the period it took for them to arrive.